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Medulla – Neural
Development of Adrenal
gland
Congenital Adrenal
Hyperplasia
Excessive androgen
production during
the fetal period
In females, causes
masculinization of
the external
genitalia –
enlargement of the
clitoris - virilization
Relations:
Right: Left:
Neurohypophysial
bud – downgrowth
from the forebrain
( diencephalon)
Pharyngeal
hypophysis –
persistence of
remnant of stalk of
Rathke’s pouch
Craniopharyngioma
– from remnants of
the stalk of
hypophysial pouch
Hypophysis cerebri
“Master endocrine
gland”
Small, oval structure
attached to the
undersurface of the
brain by the
Infundibulum
Protected by the Sella
turcica of Sphenoid
bone
Relations:
Superiorly –
Diaphragma sellae
Inferiorly – Body of
Sphenoid
Laterally – Cavernous
sinus
Posteriorly – Dorsum
sellae, Basilar artery,
Pons
Divisions:
Anterior lobe or Posterior lobe or
Adenohypophysis Neurohypophysis
Subdivided into:
Pars distalis Pars nervosa
Pars intermedia
Pars tuberalis
Pituitary gland
Pars distalis: Pars intermedia
ACIDOPHILS: MSH
Growth hormone
Prolactin Pars nervosa
BASOPHILS: releases: ADH
FSH Oxytocin
LH
TSH
ACTH
Blood supply:
Derived from the superior and inferior
hypophyseal arteries – branches of the
Internal carotid artery
Hyposecretion of GH
results to pituitary
dwarfism but body Hypersecretion of
proportions are GH during childhood
normal results in Gigantism;
in adults -
Acromegaly