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Outline
a. Definisi Diare
b. Gejala-gejala Diare
c. Terapi (Farmakologi & Non Farmakologi
Definisi
Diarrhoea is defined as an increased
with
frequency of bowel evacuation,
the passage of abnormally
soft or watery faeces
Jenis Diare
Symptoms
Acute diarrhea
a. Rapid onset
b. Produces watery stools that are passed frequently
c. Abdominal cramps, flatulence and weakness or malaise
d. Nausea and vomiting
Perlu ditanyakan pada bayi
mengenai muntah dan
demam yg di alami
Severe
dehydration
The presence of blood or mucus in the stools
Diarrhoea with severe vomiting or with a high fever would
Chronic diaarrhoea more than 3 weeks duration
Irritable bowel syndrome This non-serious, but troublesome,condition is
one of the more common causes of recurrent bowel dysfunction in
adolescents and young adults.
The patient usually describes the frequent passage of small volumes of
stool rather than true diarrhoea.
Penyebab
Infeksi
Obat-obatan
When to refer
Management Terapi
Oral rehydration therapy contain sodium as chloride and bicarbonate,
glucose and potassium.
The absorption of sodium is facilitated in the presence of glucose.
Patients should be reminded that only water should be used to make
the solution (never fruit or fizzy drinks) and that boiled and cooled
water should be used for children younger than 1 year.
The solution can be kept for 24 h if stored in a refrigerator. Fizzy, sugary
drinks should never be
Loperamide
Kaolin
Morphine
The theoretical basis for its inclusion is that morphine, together with
other narcotic drugs such as codeine, is known to slow the action of the
GI tract; indeed, constipation is a well recognize side-effect of such
drugs.
Kaolin and morphine mixture remains a popular choice for some patients,
despite the lack of evidence of its effectiveness
Opioid
: ESO: 1konstipasi
Jangka analgesic
waktu Pengobatan
hari pada naka-anak, 2 hari pselain
anak
Px Diare disrankan minum selain susu
Boleh dianjurkan menghindari makanan padat selama 24 jam.
ASI/PASI tetap harus diberikan pd bayi terutama yang
undernourishutamakan kesehatan.
PASI dihentikan, jika diduga karena enzim sal cerna tdk bekerja dgn
baik terutama pd fase akut diare atau karena tidak cocok dgn PASI
(susu sapi)lactose intolerance