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I
K
I
When current was reversed through the wire,
the needle was found to deflect in the
opposite direction to the earlier case.
S
I
dB
I dl sin
r2
ii) dB dl
iii) dB sin
iv) dB 1 /
r2
dB =
dl
I
0 I dl sin
4
r2
dB =
0 I dl x r
4
r2
0 I dl x r
dB =
r3
or
r = a / cos
tan = l / a
or
l = a tan
dl = a sec2 d
dl
x B
0 I cos d
4
B = dB =
-1
I cos d
4
B=
0 I (sin 1 + sin 2)
4a
then 1 = 2 = / 2
B=
0 2I
4a
or
B=
0 I
2a
I
B
dB cos dB
90
a
O
I
x
I
dB sin
dB sin
X Y
D
dB cos dB
dl
dB =
0 I dl sin
4
r2
or
dB =
0 I dl
4 r2
The angle between dl and r is 90 because the radius of the loop is very
small and since sin 90 = 1
The semi-vertical angle made by r to the loop is and the angle between r
and dB is 90 . Therefore, the angle between vertical axis and dB is also .
dB is resolved into components dB cos and dB sin .
Due to diametrically opposite current elements, cos
components are always opposite to each other and hence they
cancel out each other.
Sin components due to all current elements dl get added up
along the same direction (in the direction away from the loop).
0 I (2a) a
0 I dl sin
or B =
B = dB sin =
4 (a2 + x2) (a2 + x2)
2
4 r
B=
0 I a2
2(a2 + x2)3/2
Special Cases:
B=
i) At the centre O, x = 0.
0 I
2a
Different views of direction of current and magnetic field due to circular loop of
a coil:
I
B
B
B
I
dB =
0 I dl sin
4
B = dB =
B=
a2
dB =
0 I dl
4 a2
0 I dl
90
x
O
dB
4 a2
0 I
2a
B
x
TIP:
When we look at any end of the coil carrying current, if the current is in
anti-clockwise direction then that end of coil behaves like North Pole
and if the current is in clockwise direction then that end of the coil
behaves like South Pole.