Department of Chemical Engineering

National Institute of Technology, Warangal

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Academic Year

: 2014-15, I Semester, II Biotech

Course

: CH235 Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer

Instructor

: Dr. V. Ramsagar

Introduction
Fluid mechanics: study of the behavior of a fluid either at rest or in motion.
Students expects learn:
Fundamental concept of fluid statics and motions, including governing equations
that describe the basic principles
Pressure-drop calculations for a tubular flow, and flow in packed-beds of solid
particles

Application of the basic knowledge of fluid mechanics in understanding the

momentum transfer based chemical & Bio engineering unit operations (UOPs).

Introduction
Heat Transfer
Students expects learn:

1. Define different modes of heat transfer

2. Calculate steady and unsteady heat conduction in one dimension.
4. Calculate the convection heat transfer coefficient in different convection
environments.
5. Calculate the radiant heat transfer between solid bodies, black or gray.
6. Apply heat transfer principles (conduction, convection and radiation) in solving
engineering problems that are related to heat transfer.
8. Use of different types of heat exchangers

Fluid: is the material continues to deform (or move) under the application of shear
force.

Solid

Fluid

Fluids include
Liquids: Finite volume
Gases: Occupies entire vessel
Vapour
This has 2 main branches:
Fluid statics: treats fuids in the equilibrium state of no shear stress
Fuid dynamics: treats fids when portions of the fuid are in motion relative
to other parts.

1.2. Viscosity
Viscosity is a measure of a fuid's resistance to flow.
It describes the internal friction of a moving fluid.

A fluid with large viscosity resists motion because its molecular

makeup gives it a lot of internal friction.
A fuid with low viscosity flows easily because its molecular
makeup results in very little friction when it is in motion.
Gases also have viscosity, although it is a little harder to notice it in
ordinary circumstances.
Viscosity is defined by .

1.3 Pressure
surface of force exerted by a fuid against the walls of its container.

When can we use empirical equations?

Example of Empirical eq in Heat Transfer.
Nu=f(Re, Pr) Nusselt No, Reynolds No, Prandtl No

Two different problem steps:

Proposing the empirical equations
Check the dimensional consistency of the empirical equation

Ideal Gas Law

PV=nRT
R Ideal Gas constant
R has the value 8.314 JK1mol1 or 0.08206 Latmmol1K1

Partial Pressure: Presure exert by the gas if it alone occupied the volume of the
mixture at the same temperature

Conservation Laws:
Mass, energy and Momentum