Embriologi Alat Kelamin

(Deferensiasi Sex)

Embriologi Alat Kelamin

(Deferensiasi Sex)
1. Teori hormon Free Martin
2. Teori kimerisme XX & XY
3. Teori induktor kortiko medula
Medullary versus Kortisin

Primordial germ cell

Primordial germ cell

Spermatozoa

Ovum
Sigot

Embrio

primordial germ cell

Spermatozoa

Ovum

Stadium Indiferen
Endoderm
Fertilisasi

Primordial Germ Cell

Germinal Ridge
(sel-sel mesoderm)

Genital Ridge

Ginjal

Gonadal Ridge

Saluran
Urogenitalis

Cortex

Medula

Ovarium

Testis

Migrasi Germ Cell

1. Aktif
gerakan amuboid (reptilia, mamalia)
2. Pasif
aliran darah (burung)
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi jenis kelamin
1. Sex chromosome
saat terjadinya fertilisasi ( X &
Y)
2. Hormonal ( androgen & estradiol )
3. Mullerian Inhibition Substances (Fost, 1981)
(fetal testis)

regresi saluran Muller & H. androgen tinggi

perkembangan saluran kelamin jantan

Komponen pembentuk gonad

Primordial Germ Cell / SGP (ekstra

embrionic yaitu endoderm yolk sack)
Coelomic Epithelium
Sel Mesenchym (dari mesonephric ridge)

Asal
sel

Germ Cell
endoderm
kecil

Genital Ridge
mesoderm
besar

In the female, the

mesonephric ducts
degenerate, while the
paramesonephric
ducts form the
fallopian tubes and
uterus.

The urogenital ridge

consists of the
mesonephros and the
gonad.

Both the urinary and genital components of the

urogenital system are derived, to a large extent,
from the intermediate mesoderm.

Descent of
the testes
carries the
cranial end
of the
mesonephric
duct
caudally.

The testes
descend into
the scrotal
swellings,
following the
course of the
gubernaculum.

In the female, the

primitive sex cords
(medullary cords)
degenerate.
Subsequently, there
is no communication
between the gonad
and the
mesonephros.

In the male the primitive sex cords (see image 10) form
the testis and the rete testis cords. The latter
communicate with tubules of the mesonephric system,
thus linking the testis to the mesonephric duct. The
mesonephric duct becomes the ductus deferens.

In addition to the mesonephric duct, a paramesonephric duct

forms from the the epithelium on the surface of the urogenital
ridge. In the male, the mesonephric duct is of greater
significance, whereas in the female, the paramesonephric duct
is predominant.

The primordial germ cells become surrounded by cells of the

primitive sex cords. At this stage the gonad is "indifferent," as
one cannot morphologically distinguish between the male and
female.

The gonads develop as primordial germ cells that

form in the wall of the yolk sac close to the allantois
migrate along the dorsal mesentery of the hindgut to
invade the genital ridges.

The mesonephros consists of excretory tubules that

contact a blood vessel medially and enter the
mesonephric (Wolffian) duct laterally. At higher
magnification

DEVELOPMENT HOMOLOGUES OF MALE & FEMALE

Genital System
Male

Indifferent Stage

Female

1. Testis

Gonad

Ovary

2. Epidydymis duct
defferent duct

mesonephric duct
(Wolffian duct)

bladder
epophorus

3. Prostaticus

paramesonephric duct
(Mullerian duct)

uterine tube
uterus

4. Glands penis

Glans of pallus

Glands
clitoris

5. Scrotum

genital swelling

labia majora

6. Urethra penil

urethral fold

labia minor

7. Gubernaculum
testis

gubernaculum

ligament of
ovary
ligament of
uterus