Qbasic

Constructing Qbasic Programs

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Program Development
Problem definition statement
Who The person, group, organization
What The record, file, system, data
When The timeframe
Where The location
Why The business reason

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

1. Clearly State the Problem
Data
Input what are the data sources.
Output what are the data sinks.

Process (algorithm)
Detailed description of how the Input is
manipulated into Output.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Data decomposition the process of:
Identifying the required output.
Reports
Files

Identifying the raw input data needed

to find a solution.
Can be an elementary data element
Can be a grouped data element
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

The Algorithm is the process
Sequence linear execution of
instructions
Selection Identify a processing path
Binary
Case

Iteration repetitive execution of

instructions
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

2. Plan the Logic of the program
Use one or more of these to
graphically represent the algorithm.
Flowchart
Pseudocode
Hierarchy chart

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Flowcharts
A graphical representation of the
problem definition
Manual

Decision

Termination

Process

Screen
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Hierarchy charts (Visual TOC)
A graphical representation of the
functional decomposition
Room Area
Program

Room Area
Program

Room Area
Program

Room Area
Program

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

Pseudocode
An English-like representation of the
problem definition
IF the meat is green THEN
move it to the waste bucket
ELSE
move it to the good bucket.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

Steps in Program Development

3. Code the program
The syntactical exercise of converting
the program design into a specific
programming language.
This should be done first on paper.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

4. Key the program.
Transfer the coded program into the
QBASIC environment and save it as a
QBASIC file.
MyProg.bas

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

5. Test and Debug the program.
V&V Verification & Validation
Verification
Are we doing the right job?
Validation
Are we doing the job right?

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

Specification errors
Problem definition omissions,
inaccuracies, lack of clarity

Syntax errors
Coding or Keying

Logic errors
Do what I think not what I say
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Steps in Program Development

6. Complete the Documentation
Develop a program package containing:
Program specification, hierarchy chart,
flowchart, and pseudocode.

Test plan and results

Final version of tested program

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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B. A. S. I. C.
Beginners
All-purpose
Symbolic
Instruction
Code
QBasic QuickBASIC
Developed at Dartmouth in 1960s

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Qbasic Character Set

Letters:
a-z and A-Z
Digits:
0-9
Blank:
the space character ( )

Special characters:
+-*/\=<>.,():;^_$#?!%&
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Qbasic Keywords
A keyword has a predefined meaning
within Qbasic.
Examples:
LET END REM PRINT

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The QBASIC Environment

QBASIC is an interpreter
Each line of code is translated into
machine language just prior to its
execution every time.
Creates an interactive environment
thats easy to work with.

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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QBASIC

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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Demonstration

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The CLS statement

CLear Screen
Erases all characters from the terminal
Places cursor at position 1,1
(top left corner)

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The PRINT statement

Writes information to the terminal.
PRINT output-list
PRINT X$
PRINT 5 + 7
PRINT Hello World
PRINT (prints a blank line)

2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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The PRINT statement

Horizontal spacing
Each PRINT statement will occupy one
line on the users screen

Vertical spacing
; places data adjacent to each other
, places data at multiples of 14
columns on the line
2002 John Urrutia. All rights reserved.

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