Venturimeter

Contents:
1.Definition

of Venturimeter
2.Parts of a Venturimeter
3.Principle involved in it
4.Expression for rate of flow
5. Advantages and
Disadvantages of Venturimeter

Definition and different parts

of a venturimeter:
Venturimeter-device

used for
measuring the rate of flow of a
fluid flowing through a pipe
It consists of three parts:
(i) Converging part
(ii) Throat
(iii) Diverging part

Venturimeter

Principle involved
Venturimeter

is based on the principle

of Bernoullis equation
the basic principle on which a
Venturimeter works is that by reducing
the cross-sectional area of the flow
passage, a pressure difference is
created and by measuring this
pressure difference, discharge through
the pipe can be determined.
formula to find actual discharge
is=amount of fluid collected/time
taken

Assumptions
Bernoullis equation is applicable
only in case of an incompressible
fluid.
The

fluid
flowing
is
incompressible
The inner surfaces are frictionless
The flow is steady and irrotational

Equations used in the

Calculation

As long as the fluid speed is

sufficiently subsonic (V < mach
0.3), the incompressible
Bernoulli's equation describes the
flow. Applying this equation to a
streamline traveling down the
axis of the horizontal tube gives,

From

continuity, the throat

velocity Vb can be substituted out
of the above equation to give,

Solving

for the upstream velocity

Va and multiplying by the crosssectional area Aa gives the
volumetric flowrate Q,

 Ideal,

inviscid fluids would obey the above

equation. The small amounts of energy
converted into heat within viscous boundary
layers tend to lower the actual velocity of
real fluids somewhat. A discharge
coefficient C is typically introduced to
account for the viscosity of fluids,

C is found to depend on the Reynolds

Number of the flow, and usually lies
between 0.90 and 0.98 for smoothly
tapering venturis. The mass flowrate
can be found by multiplying Q with the
fluid density,

Disadvantages of
Venturimeter
Highly

expensive

Occupies
Cannot

considerable space

be altered for measuring

pressurebeyond a maximum
velocity