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WEIR
Functions of Weir
EQUATION
FOR
Where
DISCHARGE
Q is flow rate of fluid
C is a constant for
structure
L is the width of the crest
H is the height of head of
water over the crest
n varies with structure (e.g.
3/2 for horizontal weir, 5/2
for v-notch weir)
Labyrinth
Weir
Broadcrested
A broad-crested weir is a flatcrested structure, with a long
weir
crest compared to the flow
thickness. When the crest is
"broad", the streamlines become
parallel to the crest invert and
the pressure distribution above
the crest is hydrostatic
Sharp
crested
A sharp-crested weir allows
weir
the water to fall cleanly
away from the weir. Sharp
(fayoum
crested weirs are typically
1/4"
[6.35 mm] or thinner
weir)
Compoun
weirWeir is a
Ad
Compound
combination rectangular
weir with a V-notch cut in it.
This permits good
measurements for stream
with a wide range of flows.
The V-notch is sized for
low flow conditions while
larger flows are measured
with the rectangular weir.
VNotched
Weirs
The V-notch weir is a triangular
channel section, used to measure
small discharge values. The upper
edge of the section is always
above the water level, so the
channel is always triangular
simplifying calculation of the
cross-sectional area. V-notch
weirs are preferred for low
discharges as the head above the
weir crest is more sensitive to
changes in flow compared to
rectangular weirs