@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

Email is Your Friend;

It Does Not Suck.

@lindsaylee13

You Can Create Emails

That Perform Well and
Deliver Results.
@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

The subscriber experience

is the flow in which someone
digests your email
before converting.
@lindsaylee13

From Name

Subject Line

Preheader

Open

Preview Pane

Full Message

Tap/Click

Landing Page

@lindsaylee13


From Name

Subject Line

@lindsaylee13

Preheader

@lindsaylee13

Open

@lindsaylee13

Preview Pane

@lindsaylee13

Full Message

@lindsaylee13

Tap/Click

@lindsaylee13

Landing Page

@lindsaylee13

@lindsaylee13

Concise Content
Over Length

Your email is a doorway into

other channels

Tell them the essentials

Scannable Layout

Clear headings

One or two column layout

Contrast of weight and color

for content distinction

Make Your Calls

to Action Obvious

Only have a few moments to

catch attention

Can you narrow down to one

main CTA?

Repeat your main CTAs

Be Transparent in Your Language

NO

YES

Click Here

Donate Now

Big Announcement!

Sign Up for Our Webinar

You Dont Want to Miss This!

Start Your Free Trial Now

New Items

We Have New Shoes

Remember
Image Blocking

When possible, use HTML text

instead of graphical text

Alt text is your friend

Design with
Mobile in Mind

65% of all opens are on mobile

Single column layout

Make headlines ~28px

Body copy ~16-20px

More Mobile
Considerations

Think about elements you see in apps

What can be communicated through

icons?

Let your content breathe

Huge buttons

Fun Stuf

Animated GIFs can add extra

interactivity

Video

@lindsaylee13

Some Ways Email and the Web are the Same

Email
HTML
CSS
Images
Text
Design
Links
Hierarchy

Web

HTML
CSS
Images
Text
Design
Links
Hierarchy

Some Ways Email and the Web are Diferent

Email

Web

<table>
<td>
<td>
px
style=font-face
bgcolor
padding

<div>
<h1>
<p>
em
<style>
background-color
margin

Time to Code Like its 1999

Tables are
Your BFFs

Use nested tables to structure

the layout of your email

Poor support for CSS

positioning, floats, and clears

<table
width=600><tr><td>
<table width=100%
cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tr>
<td width=250></td>
<td width="350"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td></tr></table>

KYSS (Keep Your

Styles Simple)

Inline CSS

Dont attach styles externally

Can use some CSS3 but

proceed with caution

<table>
<tr>
<td style=fontfamily:Helvetica, sansserif; font-size:16px;
font-weight:bold;
color:#e98300;>Hi, Im
text!</td>
</tr>
</table>

Hi, Im text!

Styling Block-Level Elements

<h1>I am a headline</h1>
<p>I am a paragraph</p>

<td style=font-size:24px;fontweight:bold;>This is a headline in email</td>

<td style=font-size:18px;fontweight:bold;>This is a paragraph in email</td>

Format Perfect
Images

Style alt attributes

Set borders to 0

Add style=display:block to
prevent gaps

Set height and widths

<img
src=http://www.emails.com/im
age/cat.jpg height=250
width=200 alt=Cute kitty
style=display:block; fontfamily:Helvetica;
color:#0084ff; fontsize:18px; border=0>

What About Responsiveness?

Responsive Email Uses Media Queries

@lindsaylee13

There are tons

of email clients out there

@lindsaylee13

Know Your Audience

You never knowsometimes plain text emails will

do the trick

Look for the lowest common denominator

Email Client Market Share

Stats from Litmus emailclientmarketshare.com,

June 2014

65%

of all emails are opened on a mobile device

Test, test, test

@lindsaylee13

Litmus Learning
Center
litmus.com/learning
Email client market
share
Code tips

@lindsaylee13

Email Design
Review
emaildesignreview.com
Lots of inspirational
email design

@lindsaylee13

ExactTarget Blog
blog.exacttarget.com

Current market trends

Home to the Email
Swipe Files

@lindsaylee13

Email Swipe File

on Pinterest
pinterest.com/exacttarget/
email-swipe-file/
Curated examples of
great email design

@lindsaylee13

Some People I Follow on Twitter

Justine Jordan

Brian Graves

Anna Yeaman

@meladorri

@briangraves

@stylecampaign

ETMC Design

Andrea Smith

Chad White

@ETMC_Design

@andreasmith77

@chadswhite

@lindsaylee13

Thank You!

@lindsaylee13

THE ROMANTIC AGE

Welcome Back
Getting the best from the web
Internet marketing, SEO, Social
Networks and more
November 2009

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).

"To Autumn" is the final work in a group of

poems known as Keats's "1819 odes".

"To Autumn" is a poem of three stanzas, each of eleven lines. Written in 1819,
the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections
corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode

The imagery is richly achieved through the

personification of Autumn

Poem

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatcheves run;

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the

core;

To swell the gourd, and plump

the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding

more,

And still more, later flowers for the

bees,

Until they think warm days will

never cease,

cells.

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may

find

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,

Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing

wind

Or on a half-reapd furrow sound

asleep,

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its

twind flowers:

And sometimes like a gleaner

thou dost keep

Welcome Back
Getting the best from the web
Internet marketing, SEO, Social
Networks and more
November 2009

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).

"To Autumn" is the final work

in a group of poems known as
Keats's "1819 odes".

"To Autumn" is a poem of three stanzas, each of eleven lines. Written in 1819,
the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections
corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode

The imagery is richly achieved

through the personification of
Autumn

Poem

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing

sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatcheves run;

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the

core;

To swell the gourd, and plump

the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding

more,

And still more, later flowers for the

bees,

Until they think warm days will

never cease,

cells.

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy

store?

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may

find

Thee sitting careless on a

granary floor,

Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing

wind

Or on a half-reapd furrow sound

asleep,

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its

twind flowers:

And sometimes like a gleaner

thou dost keep

Steady thy laden head across a

brook;

Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,

Thou watchest the last oozings,

hours by hours.

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are

they?

Think not of them, thou hast thy

music too,

While barrd clouds bloom the

soft-dying day

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy

hue;

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).

"To Autumn" is the final work

in a group of poems known as
Keats's "1819 odes".

"To Autumn" is a poem of three stanzas, each of eleven lines. Written in 1819,
the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections
corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode

The imagery is richly achieved

through the personification of
Autumn

Poem

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing

sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run;

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the

core;

To swell the gourd, and plump

the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding

more,

And still more, later flowers for the

bees,

Until they think warm days will

never cease,

cells.

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy

store?

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may

find

Thee sitting careless on a

granary floor,

Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing

wind

Or on a half-reapd furrow sound

asleep,

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its

twind flowers:

And sometimes like a gleaner

thou dost keep

Steady thy laden head across a

brook;

Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,

Thou watchest the last oozings,

hours by hours.

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are

they?

Think not of them, thou hast thy

music too,

While barrd clouds bloom the

soft-dying day

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy

hue;

Then in a wailful choir the small

gnats mourn

Among the river-sallows, borne

aloft

Or sinking as the light wind lives or

dies;
sinking

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from

hilly bourn;

Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft

The redbreast whistles from a

garden-croft;

And gathering swallows twitter in

the skies.

Then in a wailful choir the small

gnats mourn

Among the river-sallows, borne

aloft

A Quick
Tour
of Logos
The Logical Appeal

So what exactly is logic?

Who cares?
Informally, logic is about saying things
that make sense. You can think of it in
that way if you like.

It's pretty
sunny
today,
so of
youarguing
should wear
Formally,
logic
is the
art
not
sunscreen.
like a fight or debate, but by using the
information
we already
know to draw
If it's sunny today, you should wear sunscreen.
new and useful
conclusions.
Indeed
it is sunny today.
Therefore, you should wear sunscreen.

 But wait. That just looked like the

exact same thing you said before, you
hack.
Well, yes. But that's how an argument looks in stand

form! You can break down any argument into this for
that makes it easier to think about.
Premises/
givens
Conclusion

If it's sunny today, you should wear sunscreen

It is sunny today.
___________________________________________
Therefore, you should wear sunscreen.

(Premises always come first, and the conclusion always

How about a more

complex argument?

1. This piece of fresh fruit is fuzzy.

2. It also has seeds.
3. If a fruit is fuzzy, it's either a kiwi or a peach.
4. Peaches have a pit; they don't have seeds.
5. So the fruit can't be a peach.
6. So the fruit must be a kiwi.

Which of the above sentences is a conclusion?

How about a more

complex argument?

1. This piece of fresh fruit is fuzzy.

2. It also has seeds.
3. If a fruit is fuzzy, it's either a kiwi or a peach.
4. Peaches have a pit; they don't have seeds.
5. So the fruit can't be a peach.
6. So the fruit must be a kiwi.

Good logic lets us cobble together lots of

different pieces of information, and tell from
them what's probably or definitely true.

But what counts as good

logic?

That argument was good (made sense),

because the conclusion followed from the
premises. We'll see what this means in a
moment.

Why don't we look at a bad argument?

But what counts as good

logic?

Some people have fallen off cliffs and lived.

Therefore, if I jump off this cliff, I will definitely be fin

Come on.
What
could
possibly go

But what counts as good

logic?

Some people have fallen off cliffs and lived.

Therefore, if I jump off this cliff, I will definitely be fin

This argument is weak. Although the premise is true

it's easy to think of ways (very painful ways) that th
conclusion could be false. The easiest way to spot b
logic is to do just that: try to think of another way ou

But what counts as good

logic?

Let's look at two kinds of arguments.

1. Deductive reasoning:
All interns can breathe fire. So
Philip can breathe fire.
Is there a piece of the puzzle missing?

But what counts as good

logic?

Let's look at two kinds of arguments.

1. Deductive reasoning:
All interns can breathe fire. Philip is
an intern.
So Philip can breathe
fire.
Sometimes
you may encounter hidden statements
and ideas, which the writer sneaks in but doesn't
say outright.

But what counts as good

logic?

Let's look at two kinds of arguments.

1. Deductive reasoning:
All interns can breathe fire. Philip is
an intern.
So Philip can breathe
fire.
Are
the premises true?
If so, then the conclusion's
100% guaranteed true.
No getting around it!

But what counts as good

logic?

Let's look at two kinds of arguments.

2. Inductive reasoning:
I touched a stove and it burned me. I
did this
Are the
premises
true?
fifty
times, and
the same thing
If happened.
so, then theSo
conclusion's
the
LIKE WHAT?
probably
might
nexttrue.
timeThere
I touch
the stove, it will
still
be me.
exceptions.
burn

How is this useful to me?

Like Mr. Morgan said, the ability to make
strong logical arguments will become
more and more important later on in high
school and college.
Pathos and ethos are still valuable! But
your audience will be a lot better at
questioning them. Logos is handy

How is this useful to me?

But even better is the superpower to spot
weak logic.

What time is it?

Adven- wait, no. Activity time!

Pair off into groups of four. Each group will receive an example
of a poor argument (these may be either inductive or deductive

With your group, you will have 5 minutes to try to come up with
one counterexample - one way in which the argument
could be wrong, even if the premises are definitely true.
Poke it full of holes!
Also, choose a group representative to tell us your reasoning.

Some examples:

ARGUMENT: I pulled an all-nighter studying for last week's big

test, and I ended up with an A. Tiredness must make me smart!
COUNTER: What if you got an A because you actually studied?
Or maybe the test was going to be easy for you all along?
ARGUMENT: If I play with Dad's power tools, he'll yell at me.
But Dad is yelling at me for something. So I guess I must have
played with the power tools.
COUNTER: What if he's yelling at you for a different reason:

Or sinking as the light wind lives or

dies;
sinking

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from

hilly bourn;

Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft

The redbreast whistles from a

garden-croft;

And gathering swallows twitter in

the skies.

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).

"To Autumn" is the final work

in a group of poems known as
Keats's "1819 odes".

"To Autumn" is a poem of three stanzas, each of eleven lines. Written in 1819,
the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections
corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode

The imagery is richly achieved

through the personification of
Autumn

Poem

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing

sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatcheves run;

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the

core;

To swell the gourd, and plump

the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding

more,

And still more, later flowers for the

bees,

Until they think warm days will

never cease,

cells.

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may

find

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,

Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing

wind

Or on a half-reapd furrow sound

asleep,

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its

twind flowers:

And sometimes like a gleaner

thou dost keep

Steady thy laden head across a brook;

Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,

Thou watchest the last oozings,

hours by hours.

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are

they?

Think not of them, thou hast thy

music too,

While barrd clouds bloom the

soft-dying day

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;

Then in a wailful choir the small

gnats mourn

Among the river-sallows, borne

aloft

Or sinking as the light wind lives or

dies;
sinking

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from

hilly bourn;

Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft

The redbreast whistles from a garden-croft;

And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.

THE ROMANTIC AGE

Romanticism

Historical and Social

Background
The industrial town
The industrialization changed radically
the landscape of Great Britain. In the
first half of the XIX century the
Midlands had already gained the name
of nack country. It was an area of
gloomy buildings, small towns full of
smoke, streets that created a sense of
confusion and dismay and canals to
which the railway was added.
The Industrial Revolution caused an
uncontrolled growth of the city. Small
towns called mushroom towns were
constructed for the workers. They
were called in this way because they
sprang up suddenly and multiplied
rapidly around the factories.
For workers, living in the city meant
long working hours and appalling

BRITISH SOCIETY
POLITICAL REFORMS

Prosperity and confidence in

1700s
American and French revolutions
disappointment in bitter and
violent ends - Napoleon
Industrial Revolution
dirty, unorganized cities emerge
huge class shift

British Society

The population
was divided into
three social
classes:
THE
LANDOWNERS
AND
ARISTOCRACY:
this class had

Historical and Social

Background

Political Reforms

The Factory Act of 1833 limited working hours and children

under nine could not work.
In 1825 Trade Unions were recognized.Factory owners
formed their own associations
Businessmen and industrialists were given the vote in 1832.
A police force was established in 1829.
A local government was established
in every and
town.Social
Historical
A system of national primary education was set up in
Background
1834.

The French Revolution

as the French Revolution started, the whole

idea of nationalism changed, and so did the
romantic view; it consisted then in selfdetermination and a pride in the national
origins and unity; they said that every
human being should be pride of his origins
and nation, but at the same time he should
develop as an individual; they claimed that
there should be a balance in the
development of each person between the
common interest of the nation and his own
personal goals
the accent was put on the national history
and folklore, and furthermore, the values of
tradition and customs were put at the center
of the romantic movement
inspired by this view upon the country, the
peoples of Europe had the power to redraw
the map of their continent and free
themselves

Cowper, Gray, Collins and Thomson.

CHARACTERISTICS:
-Revival of instinctual life (reason was not so important).
- The search of the love and the beauty.
- Importance of Revolutions (American, French, the figure of Napoleon).
- New role of imagination.
- The realization of the sublime, the half way between real and supernatural
world, time and space.
- Nature as a source of inspiration.
- Revaluation of myths.
- Philosophers: J.J Rousseau is the first to use the word romantique in one
of his works (Reveries
du promemuer solitaire). Romance has french
origins.
Schlegel used the word romantisch speaking about creativity and
sentimental themes, in a critic work Sturm und Drang (in English: Storm
and Stress, in which there is an exaltation of nature, uniqueness and
freedom of the individual, ideal of genius).

M
S
I
C
I
T
N
A
M
O
R
H
ENGLIS

Menu

Anthology of
Romantic Poetry

Selected Works & Analysis of

 FIRST GENERATION
SECOND GENERATI
ON

Romantic
Poets

Menu

 WILLIAM
BLAKE

WILLIAM
WORDSWORTH

FIRST GENERATION

SAMUEL T.
COLERIDGE

Romantic Poets

William Blake
Blakes life was
spent in
rebellion and
the restrictive
influences of
institutions
The Lamb
Andsuch as
Thegovernment
Tyger

Menu Poets

William Blake
To see a World in
a Grain of Sand
And a Heaven
in a Wild Flower,
Hold Infinity in the
palm
of your
hand
- Auguries
of Innocence
William Blake
And Eternity
in an hour.
Auguries of Innocence
Full Poem
Analysis of
Auguries of Innocence

William Blake was born in London, where he

spent most of his life. His father was a successful
London hosier and attracted by the doctrines of
Emmanuel Swedenborg. Blake was first educated
at home, chiefly by his mother. His parents
encouraged him to collect prints of the Italian
masters, and in 1767 sent him to Henry Pars'
drawing school. From his early years, he
experienced visions of angels and ghostly monks,
he saw andBack
conversed
angel
Gabriel, the
to Index with the
Onward
to Byron
Virgin Mary, and various historical figures.

The Lamb and The Tyger

Blake wrote two books:
Songs of Innocenceand
Songs of Experience.
In The Lamb from the
Songs of Innocence Blake
presented with an image
of a gentle, benevolent,
loving God.
In The Tyger from
Songs of Experience, God
is vindictive and

William Wordsworth
I travelled among unknown men,
In lands beyond the sea;
Nor England did I know till then,
What love I bore to thee.
'Tis past, that melancholy dream!
Nor will I quit thy shore
A second time, for still I seem
To love thee more and more.
Among thy mountains did I feel
the joy of my desire;
And she I cherished, turned the
wheel,
English
fire.
- I Beside
Travelledan
Among
Unknown
Men
Thy mornings
Williamshowed,
Wordsworth
thy nights

William Wordsworth was born on April 7,

1770, at Cockermouth on the River
Derwent, in the heart of the Lake District
that would come to be immortalized in his
poetry. The son of a lawyer named John
Wordsworth, he was the second of five
children. His father was the personal
attorney of Sir James Lowther, Earl of
Lonsdale, the most powerful (and perhaps
the
Analysis
mostofhated)
I Travelled
man in
Among
the area.
Unknown
HisMen
first
formal education was at Anne Birkett's
school at Penrith, where one
of his
Go to Analysis
Back
to
Index
classmates was his future wife
Mary
Index
Hutchinson. Wordsworth died on April 13,

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworths poetry emphasies
the value of childhood experience an the
celebration of nature. He glorifies the
spirit of man, living in armony with his
natural environment, far from the
spiritually bankrupt city. Him being
pantheistic identified the nature with god.

I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud

Menu Poets

Romanticism in Literature (cont.)

There is pleasure in
beauty, Wordsworth
writes. And in this
sense, poetry
should gratify the
senses.
In striving to capture
the eternal beauty,
the poet gives rise to

I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud

Wordsworth
is
best
known as a nature poet
who
found
beauty,
comfort
and
moral
strength in the natural
world. If he were alive
today
he
would
probably be a member
of an organisation that
campaigns to protect
the evironment. For
him the World of nature
is free from corruption
and stress, and offers

Samuel T. Coleridge
Coleridges
poetry often
deals with the
mysterious, the
supernatural
and the
extraordinary.
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
While

Menu Poets

The Rime of Ancient Mariner

Coleridge
describes the
natural and
supernatural
events that occur
during the
adventurous
voyage.The events
of the poem take
place in an eerie,
ghostly
atmosphere and
the reader often

 GEORGE
BYRON

PERCY
BYSSHE
SHELLEY

SECOND GENERATION

JOHN
KEATS

Romantic Poets

George Byron
Byron was the
prototype of
the Romantic
poet. He was
heavily
involved with
contemporary
social
Don
Juan issues.
He like the

Menu Poets

Lord George Gordon Byron

The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold,

And his cohorts were gleaming in purple and gold;
And the sheen of their spears was like stars on the sea,
When the blue wave rolls nightly on deep Galilee.

The most notorious Romantic poet and

Like the leaves of the forest when Summer is green,
satirist. Byron was famous in his
That host with their banners at sunset were seen:
lifetime for his love affairs with
Like the leaves of the forest when Autumn hath blown,
That host on the morrow lay withered and strown.
women and Mediterranean boys. He
created his own cult of personality, the
And there lay the rider distorted and pale,
concept of the 'Byronic hero' - a
With the dew on his brow, and the rust on his mail:
defiant, melancholy young man,
And the tents were all silent, the banners alone,
The lances unlifted, the trumpet unblown.
brooding on some mysterious,
- The Destruction of Sennacherib
unforgivable in his past. Byron's
And the widows of Ashur are loud in their wail,
George Gordon Byron
influence on European poetry, music,
And the idols are broke in the temple of Baal;
Analysis of
Back to Index
Onward to Poe
And the might of the Gentile, unsmote by the sword,
novel, opera, and painting has been
The Destruction of Sennacherib
Hath melted like snow in the glance of the Lord!

 Don Juan is seduced

by the beautiful and
older Donna Julia. She
is typical of Byrons
splendid female
portraits: sensual and
apparently innocent;
always on the verge of
tears or ready to faint
and yet strong and
aggressive. Above all,
she is much more
intelligent and
cunning than the
average man
(especially if he is a
husband). No

Don Juan

Percy Bysshe Shelley

I met a traveller from an antique land
Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Percy Bysshe Shelley was an
Stand in the desert. . . Near them, on the sand, English Romantic poet who rebelled
Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown, against English politics and
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command, conservative values. Shelley was
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read considered with his friend Lord
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,Byron a pariah for his life style. He
The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed.
drew no essential distinction
And on the pedestal these words appear:
between poetry and politics, and his
"My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
work reflected the radical ideas and
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!"
- Ozymandias
revolutionary optimismOnward
of the
era.
Nothing beside
remains. Round the decay
to
Percy Bysshe
Shelley
Back topoets
Index of his day, Shelley
Of that colossal
wreck, boundless
and bare.
Like many
Wordsworth
Analysis of Ozymandias
The lone and level sands far away.
employed mythological themes and

Percy Bysshe Shelley

Shelley was the most revoluctionary and
non-conformist of the Romantic poet. He
was an individualist and idealist who
rejected the istitutions of, family,church,
marriage and the Christian faith and
rebelled against all forms of tyranny.

Defence of Poetry

Menu Poets

Defence of Poetry
Defence of poetry contains some of
the finest quotes about the anture of
poetry and the role of the poet in the
English language.
A poet is the author to others of the
highest wisdom, virtue, pleasure and
glory

John Keats
Keatss life
makes his
literary
achievements
even more
astonishing.
The main
Ode on
a Grecian
theme
of Urn
his

Menu Poets

Ode on a Grecian Urn

The Ode describes an ancient

greek
urn
decorated
with
classical motifs:
A Dionysian festival with music
and ecstatic dances, a piper
under the trees in a pastoral
setting, a young man in love
pursuing a girl and almost
reaching her, a procession of
townspeople and priest leading
a cow to the sacrifice.
Keats is fascinated by the fact
that art is able to present an
ideal world because it can freeze
actions and emotions: the lover
depicted on the urn will never

Hugo and the Romanticism

Hugo was the one who wrote the
literary manifesto of the
romanticism in the preface to his
tragedy called Cromwell
he says that the new doctrine is the
liberalism in literature and that
there are neither rules, nor
models for romantics
as Hugo presents it, Romanticism
evolves as an opposition to
Classicism and Romantic
Parnassianism, offering literature

Classicism
presents an ideal, static,
objective world
has ideal categories and
eternal types of characters
has an abstract, equilibrated
and dominated by morals
character
simply observes the nature
preaches rationality
the rule of the 3 entities: of
time, space and plot

Romanticism
presents a universe determined
by the movements of history,
which is fantastical, subjective
the nature overwhelms the
character
has a dynamic, sentimental
hero, who is in a constant
search for the absolute
artists reinterpret the nature
through their own subjectivity
emphasizes sentiments,
passions
abolishes the rule of the 3
entities

Romantic character
is an exceptional character put in exceptional
situations(hero, genius)
is confused, unsatisfied
is continually fighting himself and his limits
can belong to any social class
has good and bad traits, like any human being
the artist is the supreme being, who doesnt have to
comply to the rules

Characteristics
promotes antithetical constructions, contrasts, extremes
distinguishes artistic values in the less esthetical parts of reality and
therefore anticipates the Symbolism which will found a true esthetic
of the ugly
symbols: the sky, the stars, the ocean, the sea, the lake, the spring, the
woods
rediscovers the folkloric creation, the history and the nature
has a predilection for the fantastic, tragic, grotesque, macabre,
mystery, occult, diseased and even satanic
places the individual at the centre of all things, of life and of all
experiences

Romanticism & painting

Eugne Delacroix,
Liberty Leading the
People

Romanticism & sculpture

Franois Rude, La
Marseillaise

Romantic
From Roman a poetic or prose heroic
narrative, in late medieval literature
Term is revived to describe a movement
or set of shared beliefs and themes
growing out of late 18th and early 19th C
and present as a continuing influence or
tendency

Four Principal Ideas

Nature
Equality/egalitarianism
Imagination
Sensibility

Nature
In Nature, Humanity is
Inspired
Informed
Redeemed
Transformed
Idealized

Equality
Egalitarian view of society
The social union among people
Nationalism (loyalty to nation
v. rulers)
Revolution and reform
Humanity can be perfected

Sensibility
Idealism
Intensity of emotions
Significance of actions
Worthiness of common person
Humanitys best is glorified in the
Classical
Medieval

Imagination
Power of imagination to
transport
Mind heals, condemns itself
Subjective nature of truth
Spontaneous response

Perhaps the most striking feature of

the poets of the Romantic Movement
is their attitude to nature. The
solitude of real nature is alien,
immeasurable, inhuman; the
Romantic solitude is a vision of
nature which reflects the solitude of
the poet. The Romantic finds
everywhere in nature his own image.
-Stephen Spender

The [Romantic] poet. . .loves

to escape from the heat and
pressure of humanity, and so
from himself as a social being,
and to lose himself in
the freedom of lonely places.
- Joseph Warren Beach

What the Romantics beheld when they looked at life was

a radical difference between the world of appearances
and the world of reality. What seemed important in the
world of appearances (the world as it looks to the
ordinary man, the man of common sense) was revealed
as unimportant or false when it was observed by the man
of true imagination. ... Thus freed from unimaginative
blindness, the Romantic saw Nature and Man in their
true light, their essential character, and in their genuine
worth. - Ernest Bernbaum

The most universal image [in Romantic

poetry] is perhaps that of light, a fit
symbol of spiritual illumination, of the
transcendental vision, of the work of the
imagination, of the ideal to which the
poet aspires.
- R.A. Foakes

Romanticism - Characteristics:
The predominance of

imagination over reason

and formal rules
Primitivism
Love of nature
An interest in the past
Mysticism

Individualism
Human rights
Idealization of rural
life
Enthusiasm for the
wild, irregular, Gothic
or grotesque in nature
Enthusiasm for the

Principles of Romanticism:
Romanticism was a reaction against convention.
Romanticism asserted the power of the
individual.
Romanticism reflected a deep appreciation of
the beauties of nature.
Romanticism emphasized the importance of the
subjective experience.
Romanticism was idealistic.

Romanticism was a reaction

against convention:

As a political movement, this reaction was

reflected in the new democratic ideals that
opposed monarchy and feudalism.
In art, it meant a turn away from Neoclassicism
and the ancient models of Greek perfection and
Classical correctness.
Philosophically, romanticism would contend with
Rationalismthe belief that truth could be

Romanticism asserted the power of

the individual:

Romanticism marked an era characterized

by an idealization of the individual.
Politically, the movement influenced
democratic ideals and the revolutionary
principles of social equality.
Philosophically, it meant that the idea of
objective reality would give way to
subjective experience; thus, all truth

Romanticism reflected a deep

appreciation of the beauties of
nature:
For the romantics, nature was how the

spirit was revealed to humankind.

The romantic philosophers believed in the
metaphysical or spiritual nature of reality.
They thought that a higher reality existed
behind the appearance of things in the
physical world.
Nature appeared to people as a material
reality; however, because it evoked such

Romanticism emphasized the

importance of the subjective
experience:
The romantics believed that emotion and

the senses could lead to higher truths than

either reason or the intellect could.
Romantics supposed that feelings, such
as awe, fear, delight, joy, and wonder,
were keys that could unlock the mysteries
of the world.
The result was a literature that continually
explored the inward experiences of the

Romanticism was idealistic:

On one hand, romanticism was
philosophically rooted in idealism.
Reality existed primarily in the ideal world
that is, in the mindwhile the material
world merely reflected that universe.
In other words, the ideal world was more
real than the real world.
On the other hand, romanticism was
literally idealistic; it tended to be optimistic

Philosophical Roots of
Romanticism

The French philosopher Jean

Jacques Rousseau (1712 1778)
argued that civilization was creating
a race that was out of step with
nature.
Civilization stripped people of their
natural instincts.
Everything is good when it leaves
the creator, he argued, everything
degenerates in the hands of men.
Rousseau believed human beings
had innate intuitive powers; that is,
they instinctively knew how to deal
with the outside world.
He felt that so-called primitive
people, those who lived closer to
and in harmony with nature, had a

Rousseau believed that there were

basic principles, such as liberty and
equality, which were innate to
human beings.
Civilization and governments,
however, had conditioned man to
endure life without them.
Rousseaus ideas were influential to
many, from the American and
French revolutionaries to romantic
writers.
His ideas of nature and intuition
were taken even further in the
philosophy of Kant.

Philosophical Roots of
Romanticism (cont.)

Philosophy before Kant was largely based

on rationalism and empiricism.
Rationalism was the belief that knowledge
of the world could be obtained only
through reason.
Reason could know reality independently
from sense of experience; that is, logic, not
emotion led to truth.

Romanticism in the Visual Arts

In the visual arts, English artists such as J.M.W. Turner (17751851) and John Constable (1776-1837) established the visual
romantic genre through their landscapes of sea and
countryside.
Using rich, almost impressionistic colors and tones, they painted
with a deep appreciation of the beauties of nature.
Both reflected the contemporary literary and romantic
movements in Europe.
Their art conveyed the romantic ideal; that is, they supported the
romantic belief that reflections on the beauty of nature could
initiate a heightened personal awareness of the senses, and
thus approach the spirit of the divine.

Romanticism in Literature
In literature, romanticism was dominated
by the English poets William Wordsworth
(1770-1850) and Samuel Taylor Coleridge
(1772-1834).
In 1798 Coleridge and Wordsworth
published a joint volume of poetry called
Lyrical Ballads and in doing so launched

Romanticism in Literature (cont.)

In his Preface to the Lyrical Ballads Wordsworth
professes all the basic principles of romanticism:
he announces the break with tradition; he exults
the power of the romantic poet to give voice to
individual feeling; he speaks of the power of
nature to show the way of the spirit; he praises
the faculty of the imagination to give voice to the
subjective experience; and he speaks of the
ennobling effects poetry has on the moral
condition of humankind.

Romanticism in Literature (cont.)

Wordsworth felt the imagination could take the experiences of everyday men
and women and turn them into art.
By thus highlighting the ordinary, Wordsworth points to the deeper spirit that
lives in all things; the problem, as he sees it, is that human habit has made
these wonders too familiar.
Unlike Coleridge, who saw the imagination as the living power and prime
agent of all human perception, Wordsworth felt language and poetry were
secondary to the actual experiences of human beings. In other words, it was
the object of poetry to uncover these realities, not to pose as realities
themselves.
Wordsworth defends the romantic poets reliance on personal feelings and,
like Rousseau, claims that human beings have become too distant from their
nature.
Civilization has stolen their insight into nature away. In other words, the overstimulation of the senses (even in an age without video games) keeps men
and women from appreciating the quiet beauty of nature, and with it the

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Voices and Visions
Literature and Anthology in the
English Language

Menu

Where are we?

Targetometer

Agenda

Part One

Break

Part Two

Introduction and background

Search Engine Optimisation (on site)
Generating Traffic Online (but off site)

Social Networking (on and off site)

Proactive Traffic Generation (Offline)
Integrated Marketing Campaigns

What is Web 2.0 & Social Media?

Hype (or jargon)?

Technology?
Change in attitude of users or the attitude
of Web managers?
A web cop out or a way to give freedom to
users?
A good thing or a bad thing?

Influential Opinions

Web 2.0 & Social Media & Social Networking

Hard to define
Favourite human interaction in a virtual
world
Technology / Attitude / Free
Web 2.0 technology provides instant
communication

Get on board now or be left behind

Get aboard or be left behind

Loads x Lots of people

We say
Dont ignore it
Great opportunity
Dont let it dazzle
Keep a business focus and marketing
perspective

Whos using Social Networks?

(Ofcom)

30% of British adults have a Social

Networking profile (up from 21% in 2007)
50% of users have a Facebook account
6 hours per month from 4 hours last year
BUT
5% drop in 15 24 year olds using Social

User types (Forrester Sean Corcoran)

Creators
Collectors
Critics
Joiners

Strengths
Personal
Validated
Credible
Engaging

Increasing importance in
SEO of:

External Linking

Web Footprint / Presence

Authority
Theme and Relevance

What do we use Social

Networks for?
Collaboration
Recruitment
Marketing and Focus groups

Marketing
Traffic generation and search
Marketing

Brand positioning
PR
Leads
Sales

Some (Social) Networks

Blog (with links to your site)

Squidoo lens
MySpace
Facebook group
LinkedIn
Tagging (delicious, stumbleupon, Digg)
You Tube
Slideshare
Flickr
Twitter
Article Sites
PR Sites

StumbleUpon

digg

delicious

Blog and blogging

Easy to build - Wordpress
On site or off site?
Blog Directories/ Other blogs/ Your own
site
Be interesting and not too salesy
Searchable Content
Couple of times a month

Facebook
Business to Consumer
Mass market
Give me a poke or Throw
me a sheep, dude
Fan Pages and Group
Pages
Highly targeted advertising

Linked in
Older, but less well known?
Professionals
Business to Business
Company Profile Page
LinkedIn Answers

Twitter for business

Young(er), professional, new media savvy

Tweets: 140 characters, @username
Follow and Followers
Search and Retweet
Network!
Be first to know
Brand building, Support

Tweetdeck

Innocent Facebook
Search

Innocent facebook
videos

Innocent on facebook

M&S Network Links

M&S Facebook

M&S facebook
discussions

M&S facebook offers

M&S Twitter

Dell Community
Pages

Dell Social
Network Links

Dell Linkedin

Dell Twitter Groups

Dell Outlet Twitter

Dell Facebook

Dell facebook

Dell flickr

E&Y Careers
facebook

GM Blog

Marmite Facebook

Marmite Facebook

Marmite facebook
games

Marmite facebook
promos

Marmite Website

Marmite on Youtube

Youtube
All you need

Camera
Aston Martin
Pair of trainers

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yURa9T
0-Rjk&feature=player_embedded

What does this tell us?

Problem driven
Objectives
Creative
Relevance

Who
Fans
Interested customers
Regular users
Niche

A Small Holiday Company

Website
Rich Content
Pages for long tail Search Terms
Blogs relating to this
Links from relevant blogs
Videos on YouTube
Adwords
Directories
Tags
Facebook
Articles sites

Tail wagging the dog?

Were not talking about a Website anymore

were talking about a Web Presence

How to start

Remember these are SOCIAL networks

Try before you buy!
You may be experimenting
You will need to be committed
You need objectives
You need relevance and places to link to
Team of enthusiasts

Groundswell Forrester Research - POST

Groundswell Forrester Research - POST

People
Objectives
Strategy
Technology

MBL Solutions WEBSITE

Watch
Evaluate
Become an active believer
Strategy
Implementation

Web Promotion Off Line

Carly Herron

Now where are we?

Targetometer

Lets go get em

Lets just ring them?

A typical decision process

Aftersales
and support
Awareness
of the need
Awareness
of suppliers
Build relationship
with suppliers
(brands)
Detail
information
stage

SALE!
Confirmation
and
reassurance

Advertising

Cold DM traditional +

Email DM

Responsive
Cost effective
Directs traffic
to your site
Builds
membership
Fantastic

Public Relations
Regular website
review columns

News editorial

Exciting picture
Web traffic news

Incentivise the visit

Information or
white papers
Join club
Offers and
discounts
Opinions and
blogs

Marketing Rule Number 1

Marketing now is very much about good

data and building relationships
Good data beats everything
Best data is the data you collect (websites
[and events] are great at this)

Registration

Campaign elements

Initial Communications and traffic generation

Targeted landing page

Data Capture

Action

Follow up

Online and offline

Keywords and Adwords

Registration page

Sainsburys Business Direct

Targeted Adwords &
SEO & SM

Email shots

Sale!
and ongoing
communications

Summary of our journey

Searching:

SEO
Adwords

Passing By

Social Networks
Bookmarking
Blogs
Affiliate

At Home

Email
Direct mail

Simple Summary
Relevance
Content
Interaction
Connections

Actions
This takes time and focus
Make someone responsible
Make sure that there is a team involved
Have an agreed timescale to review and
change
Measure the results

Thank You
Any questions?

The Golden Dozen

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Define your Site objectives

Who, What, Where, Action
Search Engine Optimisation = Visitor Optimisation
Benchmark your best competitors
SEO takes time so get it right asap
Remember that a website is dynamic keep it changing
Make sure your site caters for each stage of the decision process
Dont forget to be proactive in your website promotion
Make your site integral to your campaigns use offline methods as
well online and offline are not exclusive
10. Make sure your campaigns are circular no dead-ends
11. Capture prospect data, register visitors and use email (at least) to
continue the communications

A typical decision process

Aftersales
and support
Awareness
of the need
Awareness
of suppliers
Build relationship
with suppliers
(brands)
Detail
information
stage

SALE!
Confirmation
and
reassurance

Campaign elements

Initial Communications and traffic generation

Targeted landing page

Data Capture

Action

Follow up

Online and offline (press ads, mailshots, email shots, PR)

Social Networking
Keywords and Adwords

Registration page

Sainsburys Business Direct

Targeted Adwords ,
SEO, Social

Email shots

Sale!
and ongoing
communications

Simple Summary
Objectives
Relevance
Content
Interaction
Connections

Thank You
Any questions?

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).

"To Autumn" is the final work in a group of

poems known as Keats's "1819 odes".

"To Autumn" is a poem of three stanzas, each of eleven lines. Written in 1819,
the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections
corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode

The imagery is richly achieved through the

personification of Autumn

Poem

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing

sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatcheves run;

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the

core;

To swell the gourd, and plump

the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding

more,

And still more, later flowers for the

bees,

Until they think warm days will

never cease,

cells.

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy store?

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may

find

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,

Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing

wind

Or on a half-reapd furrow sound

asleep,

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its

twind flowers:

And sometimes like a gleaner

thou dost keep

Steady thy laden head across a brook;

Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,

Thou watchest the last oozings,

hours by hours.

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are

they?

Think not of them, thou hast thy

music too,

While barrd clouds bloom the

soft-dying day

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;

Then in a wailful choir the small

gnats mourn

Among the river-sallows, borne

aloft

Or sinking as the light wind lives or

dies;
sinking

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from

hilly bourn;

Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft

The redbreast whistles from a garden-croft;

And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.

Steady thy laden head across a brook;

Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,

Thou watchest the last oozings,

hours by hours.

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are

they?

Think not of them, thou hast thy

music too,

While barrd clouds bloom the

soft-dying day

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy

hue;

Then in a wailful choir the small

gnats mourn

Among the river-sallows, borne

aloft

Or sinking as the light wind lives or

dies;
sinking

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from

hilly bourn;

Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft

The redbreast whistles from a garden-croft;

And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).

"To Autumn" is the final work

in a group of poems known as
Keats's "1819 odes".

"To Autumn" is a poem of three stanzas, each of eleven lines. Written in 1819,
the structure is that of an odal hymn, having three clearly defined sections
corresponding to the Classical divisions of strophe, antistrophe, and epode

The imagery is richly achieved

through the personification of
Autumn

Poem

Season of mists and mellow fruitfulness,

Close bosom-friend of the maturing

sun;

Conspiring with him how to load and bless

With fruit the vines that round the thatcheves run;

To bend with apples the moss'd cottage-trees,

And fill all fruit with ripeness to the

core;

To swell the gourd, and plump

the hazel shells

With a sweet kernel; to set budding

more,

And still more, later flowers for the

bees,

Until they think warm days will

never cease,

cells.

Who hath not seen thee oft amid thy

store?

Sometimes whoever seeks abroad may

find

Thee sitting careless on a granary floor,

Thy hair soft-lifted by the winnowing

wind

Or on a half-reapd furrow sound

asleep,

Drowsed with the fume of poppies, while thy hook

Spares the next swath and all its

twind flowers:

And sometimes like a gleaner

thou dost keep

Steady thy laden head across a brook;

Or by a cyder-press, with patient look,

Thou watchest the last oozings,

hours by hours.

Where are the songs of Spring? Ay, where are

they?

Think not of them, thou hast thy

music too,

While barrd clouds bloom the

soft-dying day

And touch the stubble-plains with rosy hue;

Then in a wailful choir the small

gnats mourn

Among the river-sallows, borne

aloft

Or sinking as the light wind lives or

dies;
sinking

And full-grown lambs loud bleat from

hilly bourn;

Hedge-crickets sing; and now with treble soft

The redbreast whistles from a garden-croft;

And gathering swallows twitter in the skies.

THE ROMANTIC AGE

Romanticism

Historical and Social

Background
The industrial town
The industrialization changed radically
the landscape of Great Britain. In the
first half of the XIX century the
Midlands had already gained the name
of nack country. It was an area of
gloomy buildings, small towns full of
smoke, streets that created a sense of
confusion and dismay and canals to
which the railway was added.
The Industrial Revolution caused an
uncontrolled growth of the city. Small
towns called mushroom towns were
constructed for the workers. They
were called in this way because they
sprang up suddenly and multiplied
rapidly around the factories.
For workers, living in the city meant
long working hours and appalling

BRITISH SOCIETY
POLITICAL REFORMS

Prosperity and confidence in

1700s
American and French revolutions
disappointment in bitter and
violent ends - Napoleon
Industrial Revolution
dirty, unorganized cities emerge
huge class shift

British Society

The population
was divided into
three social
classes:
THE
LANDOWNERS
AND
ARISTOCRACY:
this class had

Historical and Social

Background

Political Reforms

The Factory Act of 1833 limited working hours and children

under nine could not work.
In 1825 Trade Unions were recognized.Factory owners
formed their own associations
Businessmen and industrialists were given the vote in 1832.
A police force was established in 1829.
A local government was established
in every and
town.Social
Historical
A system of national primary education was set up in
Background
1834.

The French Revolution

as the French Revolution started, the whole

idea of nationalism changed, and so did the
romantic view; it consisted then in selfdetermination and a pride in the national
origins and unity; they said that every
human being should be pride of his origins
and nation, but at the same time he should
develop as an individual; they claimed that
there should be a balance in the
development of each person between the
common interest of the nation and his own
personal goals
the accent was put on the national history
and folklore, and furthermore, the values of
tradition and customs were put at the center
of the romantic movement
inspired by this view upon the country, the
peoples of Europe had the power to redraw
the map of their continent and free
themselves

Cowper, Gray, Collins and Thomson.

CHARACTERISTICS:
-Revival of instinctual life (reason was not so important).
- The search of the love and the beauty.
- Importance of Revolutions (American, French, the figure of Napoleon).
- New role of imagination.
- The realization of the sublime, the half way between real and supernatural
world, time and space.
- Nature as a source of inspiration.
- Revaluation of myths.
- Philosophers: J.J Rousseau is the first to use the word romantique in one
of his works (Reveries
du promemuer solitaire). Romance has french
origins.
Schlegel used the word romantisch speaking about creativity and
sentimental themes, in a critic work Sturm und Drang (in English: Storm
and Stress, in which there is an exaltation of nature, uniqueness and
freedom of the individual, ideal of genius).

M
S
I
C
I
T
N
A
M
O
R
H
ENGLIS

Menu

Anthology of
Romantic Poetry

Selected Works & Analysis of

 FIRST GENERATION
SECOND GENERATI
ON

Romantic
Poets

Menu

 WILLIAM
BLAKE

WILLIAM
WORDSWORTH

FIRST GENERATION

SAMUEL T.
COLERIDGE

Romantic Poets

William Blake
Blakes life was
spent in
rebellion and
the restrictive
influences of
institutions
The Lamb
Andsuch as
Thegovernment
Tyger

Menu Poets

William Blake
To see a World in
a Grain of Sand
And a Heaven
in a Wild Flower,
Hold Infinity in the
palm
of your
hand
- Auguries
of Innocence
William Blake
And Eternity
in an hour.
Auguries of Innocence
Full Poem
Analysis of
Auguries of Innocence

William Blake was born in London, where he

spent most of his life. His father was a successful
London hosier and attracted by the doctrines of
Emmanuel Swedenborg. Blake was first educated
at home, chiefly by his mother. His parents
encouraged him to collect prints of the Italian
masters, and in 1767 sent him to Henry Pars'
drawing school. From his early years, he
experienced visions of angels and ghostly monks,
he saw andBack
conversed
angel
Gabriel, the
to Index with the
Onward
to Byron
Virgin Mary, and various historical figures.

The Lamb and The Tyger

Blake wrote two books:
Songs of Innocenceand
Songs of Experience.
In The Lamb from the
Songs of Innocence Blake
presented with an image
of a gentle, benevolent,
loving God.
In The Tyger from
Songs of Experience, God
is vindictive and

William Wordsworth
I travelled among unknown men,
In lands beyond the sea;
Nor England did I know till then,
What love I bore to thee.
'Tis past, that melancholy dream!
Nor will I quit thy shore
A second time, for still I seem
To love thee more and more.
Among thy mountains did I feel
the joy of my desire;
And she I cherished, turned the
wheel,
English
fire.
- I Beside
Travelledan
Among
Unknown
Men
Thy mornings
Williamshowed,
Wordsworth
thy nights

William Wordsworth was born on April 7,

1770, at Cockermouth on the River
Derwent, in the heart of the Lake District
that would come to be immortalized in his
poetry. The son of a lawyer named John
Wordsworth, he was the second of five
children. His father was the personal
attorney of Sir James Lowther, Earl of
Lonsdale, the most powerful (and perhaps
the
Analysis
mostofhated)
I Travelled
man in
Among
the area.
Unknown
HisMen
first
formal education was at Anne Birkett's
school at Penrith, where one
of his
Go to Analysis
Back
to
Index
classmates was his future wife
Mary
Index
Hutchinson. Wordsworth died on April 13,

William Wordsworth
William Wordsworths poetry emphasies
the value of childhood experience an the
celebration of nature. He glorifies the
spirit of man, living in armony with his
natural environment, far from the
spiritually bankrupt city. Him being
pantheistic identified the nature with god.

I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud

Menu Poets

Romanticism in Literature (cont.)

There is pleasure in
beauty, Wordsworth
writes. And in this
sense, poetry
should gratify the
senses.
In striving to capture
the eternal beauty,
the poet gives rise to

I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud

Wordsworth
is
best
known as a nature poet
who
found
beauty,
comfort
and
moral
strength in the natural
world. If he were alive
today
he
would
probably be a member
of an organisation that
campaigns to protect
the evironment. For
him the World of nature
is free from corruption
and stress, and offers

Samuel T. Coleridge
Coleridges
poetry often
deals with the
mysterious, the
supernatural
and the
extraordinary.
The Rime of the Ancient Mariner
While

Menu Poets

The Rime of Ancient Mariner

Coleridge
describes the
natural and
supernatural
events that occur
during the
adventurous
voyage.The events
of the poem take
place in an eerie,
ghostly
atmosphere and
the reader often

 GEORGE
BYRON

PERCY
BYSSHE
SHELLEY

SECOND GENERATION

JOHN
KEATS

Romantic Poets

George Byron
Byron was the
prototype of
the Romantic
poet. He was
heavily
involved with
contemporary
social
Don
Juan issues.
He like the

Menu Poets

Lord George Gordon Byron

The Assyrian came down like the wolf on the fold,

And his cohorts were gleaming in purple and gold;
And the sheen of their spears was like stars on the sea,
When the blue wave rolls nightly on deep Galilee.

The most notorious Romantic poet and

Like the leaves of the forest when Summer is green,
satirist. Byron was famous in his
That host with their banners at sunset were seen:
lifetime for his love affairs with
Like the leaves of the forest when Autumn hath blown,
That host on the morrow lay withered and strown.
women and Mediterranean boys. He
created his own cult of personality, the
And there lay the rider distorted and pale,
concept of the 'Byronic hero' - a
With the dew on his brow, and the rust on his mail:
defiant, melancholy young man,
And the tents were all silent, the banners alone,
The lances unlifted, the trumpet unblown.
brooding on some mysterious,
- The Destruction of Sennacherib
unforgivable in his past. Byron's
And the widows of Ashur are loud in their wail,
George Gordon Byron
influence on European poetry, music,
And the idols are broke in the temple of Baal;
Analysis of
Back to Index
Onward to Poe
And the might of the Gentile, unsmote by the sword,
novel, opera, and painting has been
The Destruction of Sennacherib
Hath melted like snow in the glance of the Lord!

 Don Juan is seduced

by the beautiful and
older Donna Julia. She
is typical of Byrons
splendid female
portraits: sensual and
apparently innocent;
always on the verge of
tears or ready to faint
and yet strong and
aggressive. Above all,
she is much more
intelligent and
cunning than the
average man
(especially if he is a
husband). No

Don Juan

Percy Bysshe Shelley

I met a traveller from an antique land
Who said: Two vast and trunkless legs of stone Percy Bysshe Shelley was an
Stand in the desert. . . Near them, on the sand, English Romantic poet who rebelled
Half sunk, a shattered visage lies, whose frown, against English politics and
And wrinkled lip, and sneer of cold command, conservative values. Shelley was
Tell that its sculptor well those passions read considered with his friend Lord
Which yet survive, stamped on these lifeless things,Byron a pariah for his life style. He
The hand that mocked them and the heart that fed.
drew no essential distinction
And on the pedestal these words appear:
between poetry and politics, and his
"My name is Ozymandias, king of kings:
work reflected the radical ideas and
Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!"
- Ozymandias
revolutionary optimismOnward
of the
era.
Nothing beside
remains. Round the decay
to
Percy Bysshe
Shelley
Back topoets
Index of his day, Shelley
Of that colossal
wreck, boundless
and bare.
Like many
Wordsworth
Analysis of Ozymandias
The lone and level sands far away.
employed mythological themes and

Percy Bysshe Shelley

Shelley was the most revoluctionary and
non-conformist of the Romantic poet. He
was an individualist and idealist who
rejected the istitutions of, family,church,
marriage and the Christian faith and
rebelled against all forms of tyranny.

Defence of Poetry

Menu Poets

Defence of Poetry
Defence of poetry contains some of
the finest quotes about the anture of
poetry and the role of the poet in the
English language.
A poet is the author to others of the
highest wisdom, virtue, pleasure and
glory

John Keats
Keatss life
makes his
literary
achievements
even more
astonishing.
The main
Ode on
a Grecian
theme
of Urn
his

Menu Poets

Ode on a Grecian Urn

The Ode describes an ancient

greek
urn
decorated
with
classical motifs:
A Dionysian festival with music
and ecstatic dances, a piper
under the trees in a pastoral
setting, a young man in love
pursuing a girl and almost
reaching her, a procession of
townspeople and priest leading
a cow to the sacrifice.
Keats is fascinated by the fact
that art is able to present an
ideal world because it can freeze
actions and emotions: the lover
depicted on the urn will never

Hugo and the Romanticism

Hugo was the one who wrote the
literary manifesto of the
romanticism in the preface to his
tragedy called Cromwell
he says that the new doctrine is the
liberalism in literature and that
there are neither rules, nor
models for romantics
as Hugo presents it, Romanticism
evolves as an opposition to
Classicism and Romantic
Parnassianism, offering literature

Classicism
presents an ideal, static,
objective world
has ideal categories and
eternal types of characters
has an abstract, equilibrated
and dominated by morals
character
simply observes the nature
preaches rationality
the rule of the 3 entities: of
time, space and plot

Romanticism
presents a universe determined
by the movements of history,
which is fantastical, subjective
the nature overwhelms the
character
has a dynamic, sentimental
hero, who is in a constant
search for the absolute
artists reinterpret the nature
through their own subjectivity
emphasizes sentiments,
passions
abolishes the rule of the 3
entities

Romantic character
is an exceptional character put in exceptional
situations(hero, genius)
is confused, unsatisfied
is continually fighting himself and his limits
can belong to any social class
has good and bad traits, like any human being
the artist is the supreme being, who doesnt have to
comply to the rules

Characteristics
promotes antithetical constructions, contrasts, extremes
distinguishes artistic values in the less esthetical parts of reality and
therefore anticipates the Symbolism which will found a true esthetic
of the ugly
symbols: the sky, the stars, the ocean, the sea, the lake, the spring, the
woods
rediscovers the folkloric creation, the history and the nature
has a predilection for the fantastic, tragic, grotesque, macabre,
mystery, occult, diseased and even satanic
places the individual at the centre of all things, of life and of all
experiences

Romanticism & painting

Eugne Delacroix,
Liberty Leading the
People

Romanticism & sculpture

Franois Rude, La
Marseillaise

Romantic
From Roman a poetic or prose heroic
narrative, in late medieval literature
Term is revived to describe a movement
or set of shared beliefs and themes
growing out of late 18th and early 19th C
and present as a continuing influence or
tendency

Four Principal Ideas

Nature
Equality/egalitarianism
Imagination
Sensibility

Nature
In Nature, Humanity is
Inspired
Informed
Redeemed
Transformed
Idealized

Equality
Egalitarian view of society
The social union among people
Nationalism (loyalty to nation
v. rulers)
Revolution and reform
Humanity can be perfected

Sensibility
Idealism
Intensity of emotions
Significance of actions
Worthiness of common person
Humanitys best is glorified in the
Classical
Medieval

Imagination
Power of imagination to
transport
Mind heals, condemns itself
Subjective nature of truth
Spontaneous response

Perhaps the most striking feature of

the poets of the Romantic Movement
is their attitude to nature. The
solitude of real nature is alien,
immeasurable, inhuman; the
Romantic solitude is a vision of
nature which reflects the solitude of
the poet. The Romantic finds
everywhere in nature his own image.
-Stephen Spender

The [Romantic] poet. . .loves

to escape from the heat and
pressure of humanity, and so
from himself as a social being,
and to lose himself in
the freedom of lonely places.
- Joseph Warren Beach

What the Romantics beheld when they looked at life was

a radical difference between the world of appearances
and the world of reality. What seemed important in the
world of appearances (the world as it looks to the
ordinary man, the man of common sense) was revealed
as unimportant or false when it was observed by the man
of true imagination. ... Thus freed from unimaginative
blindness, the Romantic saw Nature and Man in their
true light, their essential character, and in their genuine
worth. - Ernest Bernbaum

The most universal image [in Romantic

poetry] is perhaps that of light, a fit
symbol of spiritual illumination, of the
transcendental vision, of the work of the
imagination, of the ideal to which the
poet aspires.
- R.A. Foakes

Romanticism - Characteristics:
The predominance of

imagination over reason

and formal rules
Primitivism
Love of nature
An interest in the past
Mysticism

Individualism
Human rights
Idealization of rural
life
Enthusiasm for the
wild, irregular, Gothic
or grotesque in nature
Enthusiasm for the

Principles of Romanticism:
Romanticism was a reaction against convention.
Romanticism asserted the power of the
individual.
Romanticism reflected a deep appreciation of
the beauties of nature.
Romanticism emphasized the importance of the
subjective experience.
Romanticism was idealistic.

Romanticism was a reaction

against convention:

As a political movement, this reaction was

reflected in the new democratic ideals that
opposed monarchy and feudalism.
In art, it meant a turn away from Neoclassicism
and the ancient models of Greek perfection and
Classical correctness.
Philosophically, romanticism would contend with
Rationalismthe belief that truth could be

Romanticism asserted the power of

the individual:

Romanticism marked an era characterized

by an idealization of the individual.
Politically, the movement influenced
democratic ideals and the revolutionary
principles of social equality.
Philosophically, it meant that the idea of
objective reality would give way to
subjective experience; thus, all truth

Romanticism reflected a deep

appreciation of the beauties of
nature:
For the romantics, nature was how the

spirit was revealed to humankind.

The romantic philosophers believed in the
metaphysical or spiritual nature of reality.
They thought that a higher reality existed
behind the appearance of things in the
physical world.
Nature appeared to people as a material
reality; however, because it evoked such

Romanticism emphasized the

importance of the subjective
experience:
The romantics believed that emotion and

the senses could lead to higher truths than

either reason or the intellect could.
Romantics supposed that feelings, such
as awe, fear, delight, joy, and wonder,
were keys that could unlock the mysteries
of the world.
The result was a literature that continually
explored the inward experiences of the

Romanticism was idealistic:

On one hand, romanticism was
philosophically rooted in idealism.
Reality existed primarily in the ideal world
that is, in the mindwhile the material
world merely reflected that universe.
In other words, the ideal world was more
real than the real world.
On the other hand, romanticism was
literally idealistic; it tended to be optimistic

Philosophical Roots of
Romanticism

The French philosopher Jean

Jacques Rousseau (1712 1778)
argued that civilization was creating
a race that was out of step with
nature.
Civilization stripped people of their
natural instincts.
Everything is good when it leaves
the creator, he argued, everything
degenerates in the hands of men.
Rousseau believed human beings
had innate intuitive powers; that is,
they instinctively knew how to deal
with the outside world.
He felt that so-called primitive
people, those who lived closer to
and in harmony with nature, had a

Rousseau believed that there were

basic principles, such as liberty and
equality, which were innate to
human beings.
Civilization and governments,
however, had conditioned man to
endure life without them.
Rousseaus ideas were influential to
many, from the American and
French revolutionaries to romantic
writers.
His ideas of nature and intuition
were taken even further in the
philosophy of Kant.

Philosophical Roots of
Romanticism (cont.)

Philosophy before Kant was largely based

on rationalism and empiricism.
Rationalism was the belief that knowledge
of the world could be obtained only
through reason.
Reason could know reality independently
from sense of experience; that is, logic, not
emotion led to truth.

Romanticism in the Visual Arts

In the visual arts, English artists such as J.M.W. Turner (17751851) and John Constable (1776-1837) established the visual
romantic genre through their landscapes of sea and
countryside.
Using rich, almost impressionistic colors and tones, they painted
with a deep appreciation of the beauties of nature.
Both reflected the contemporary literary and romantic
movements in Europe.
Their art conveyed the romantic ideal; that is, they supported the
romantic belief that reflections on the beauty of nature could
initiate a heightened personal awareness of the senses, and
thus approach the spirit of the divine.

Romanticism in Literature
In literature, romanticism was dominated
by the English poets William Wordsworth
(1770-1850) and Samuel Taylor Coleridge
(1772-1834).
In 1798 Coleridge and Wordsworth
published a joint volume of poetry called
Lyrical Ballads and in doing so launched

Romanticism in Literature (cont.)

In his Preface to the Lyrical Ballads Wordsworth
professes all the basic principles of romanticism:
he announces the break with tradition; he exults
the power of the romantic poet to give voice to
individual feeling; he speaks of the power of
nature to show the way of the spirit; he praises
the faculty of the imagination to give voice to the
subjective experience; and he speaks of the
ennobling effects poetry has on the moral
condition of humankind.

Romanticism in Literature (cont.)

Wordsworth felt the imagination could take the experiences of everyday men
and women and turn them into art.
By thus highlighting the ordinary, Wordsworth points to the deeper spirit that
lives in all things; the problem, as he sees it, is that human habit has made
these wonders too familiar.
Unlike Coleridge, who saw the imagination as the living power and prime
agent of all human perception, Wordsworth felt language and poetry were
secondary to the actual experiences of human beings. In other words, it was
the object of poetry to uncover these realities, not to pose as realities
themselves.
Wordsworth defends the romantic poets reliance on personal feelings and,
like Rousseau, claims that human beings have become too distant from their
nature.
Civilization has stolen their insight into nature away. In other words, the overstimulation of the senses (even in an age without video games) keeps men
and women from appreciating the quiet beauty of nature, and with it the

BIBLIOGRAPHY
Voices and Visions
Literature and Anthology in the
English Language

Menu

Where are we?

Targetometer

Agenda

Part One

Break

Part Two

Introduction and background

Search Engine Optimisation (on site)
Generating Traffic Online (but off site)

Social Networking (on and off site)

Proactive Traffic Generation (Offline)
Integrated Marketing Campaigns

What is Web 2.0 & Social Media?

Hype (or jargon)?

Technology?
Change in attitude of users or the attitude
of Web managers?
A web cop out or a way to give freedom to
users?
A good thing or a bad thing?

Influential Opinions

Web 2.0 & Social Media & Social Networking

Hard to define
Favourite human interaction in a virtual
world
Technology / Attitude / Free
Web 2.0 technology provides instant
communication

Get on board now or be left behind

Get aboard or be left behind

Loads x Lots of people

We say
Dont ignore it
Great opportunity
Dont let it dazzle
Keep a business focus and marketing
perspective

Whos using Social Networks?

(Ofcom)

30% of British adults have a Social

Networking profile (up from 21% in 2007)
50% of users have a Facebook account
6 hours per month from 4 hours last year
BUT
5% drop in 15 24 year olds using Social

User types (Forrester Sean Corcoran)

Creators
Collectors
Critics
Joiners

Strengths
Personal
Validated
Credible
Engaging

Increasing importance in
SEO of:

External Linking

Web Footprint / Presence

Authority
Theme and Relevance

What do we use Social

Networks for?
Collaboration
Recruitment
Marketing and Focus groups

Marketing
Traffic generation and search
Marketing

Brand positioning
PR
Leads
Sales

Some (Social) Networks

Blog (with links to your site)

Squidoo lens
MySpace
Facebook group
LinkedIn
Tagging (delicious, stumbleupon, Digg)
You Tube
Slideshare
Flickr
Twitter
Article Sites
PR Sites

StumbleUpon

digg

delicious

Blog and blogging

Easy to build - Wordpress
On site or off site?
Blog Directories/ Other blogs/ Your own
site
Be interesting and not too salesy
Searchable Content
Couple of times a month

Facebook
Business to Consumer
Mass market
Give me a poke or Throw
me a sheep, dude
Fan Pages and Group
Pages
Highly targeted advertising

Linked in
Older, but less well known?
Professionals
Business to Business
Company Profile Page
LinkedIn Answers

Twitter for business

Young(er), professional, new media savvy

Tweets: 140 characters, @username
Follow and Followers
Search and Retweet
Network!
Be first to know
Brand building, Support

Tweetdeck

Innocent Facebook
Search

Innocent facebook
videos

Innocent on facebook

M&S Network Links

M&S Facebook

M&S facebook
discussions

M&S facebook offers

M&S Twitter

Dell Community
Pages

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Network Links

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Dell Facebook

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Dell flickr

E&Y Careers
facebook

GM Blog

Marmite Facebook

Marmite Facebook

Marmite facebook
games

Marmite facebook
promos

Marmite Website

Marmite on Youtube

Youtube
All you need

Camera
Aston Martin
Pair of trainers

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yURa9T
0-Rjk&feature=player_embedded

What does this tell us?

Problem driven
Objectives
Creative
Relevance

Who
Fans
Interested customers
Regular users
Niche

A Small Holiday Company

Website
Rich Content
Pages for long tail Search Terms
Blogs relating to this
Links from relevant blogs
Videos on YouTube
Adwords
Directories
Tags
Facebook
Articles sites

Tail wagging the dog?

Were not talking about a Website anymore

were talking about a Web Presence

How to start

Remember these are SOCIAL networks

Try before you buy!
You may be experimenting
You will need to be committed
You need objectives
You need relevance and places to link to
Team of enthusiasts

Groundswell Forrester Research - POST

Groundswell Forrester Research - POST

People
Objectives
Strategy
Technology

MBL Solutions WEBSITE

Watch
Evaluate
Become an active believer
Strategy
Implementation

Web Promotion Off Line

Carly Herron

Now where are we?

Targetometer

Lets go get em

Lets just ring them?

A typical decision process

Aftersales
and support
Awareness
of the need
Awareness
of suppliers
Build relationship
with suppliers
(brands)
Detail
information
stage

SALE!
Confirmation
and
reassurance

Advertising

Cold DM traditional +

Email DM

Responsive
Cost effective
Directs traffic
to your site
Builds
membership
Fantastic

Public Relations
Regular website
review columns

News editorial

Exciting picture
Web traffic news

Incentivise the visit

Information or
white papers
Join club
Offers and
discounts
Opinions and
blogs

Marketing Rule Number 1

Marketing now is very much about good

data and building relationships
Good data beats everything
Best data is the data you collect (websites
[and events] are great at this)

Registration

Campaign elements

Initial Communications and traffic generation

Targeted landing page

Data Capture

Action

Follow up

Online and offline

Keywords and Adwords

Registration page

Sainsburys Business Direct

Targeted Adwords &
SEO & SM

Email shots

Sale!
and ongoing
communications

Summary of our journey

Searching:

SEO
Adwords

Passing By

Social Networks
Bookmarking
Blogs
Affiliate

At Home

Email
Direct mail

Simple Summary
Relevance
Content
Interaction
Connections

Actions
This takes time and focus
Make someone responsible
Make sure that there is a team involved
Have an agreed timescale to review and
change
Measure the results

Thank You
Any questions?

The Golden Dozen

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Define your Site objectives

Who, What, Where, Action
Search Engine Optimisation = Visitor Optimisation
Benchmark your best competitors
SEO takes time so get it right asap
Remember that a website is dynamic keep it changing
Make sure your site caters for each stage of the decision process
Dont forget to be proactive in your website promotion
Make your site integral to your campaigns use offline methods as
well online and offline are not exclusive
10. Make sure your campaigns are circular no dead-ends
11. Capture prospect data, register visitors and use email (at least) to
continue the communications

A typical decision process

Aftersales
and support
Awareness
of the need
Awareness
of suppliers
Build relationship
with suppliers
(brands)
Detail
information
stage

SALE!
Confirmation
and
reassurance

Campaign elements

Initial Communications and traffic generation

Targeted landing page

Data Capture

Action

Follow up

Online and offline (press ads, mailshots, email shots, PR)

Social Networking
Keywords and Adwords

Registration page

Sainsburys Business Direct

Targeted Adwords ,
SEO, Social

Email shots

Sale!
and ongoing
communications

Simple Summary
Objectives
Relevance
Content
Interaction
Connections

Thank You
Any questions?

John Keats

"To Autumn" is a poem by English Romantic poet

John Keats (31 October 1795 23 February 1821).