Highway Maintenance and

Rehabilitation
_____________________________________
Highway Engineering

Espinosa, E.

A. Highway MaintenanCE
-

the preservation and keeping of each type of

roadway, roadside, structures and facilities as nearly as

possible in its original condition as constructed or as
subsequently improved the operation of highway facilities
and

services

transportation.
-- AASHTO

to

provide

satisfactory

and

safe

Objectives
1. Highway programs and activities are measured by the
amount

of expenditures for construction of new

facilities and reconstruction of existing structure

with the

aim of keeping up with the traffic demand.

2. MaintenanCE has its own role: by giving priority to local,
rural & urban facilities particularly the paving &
rehabilitation after the contruction has been

completed.

3. MaintenanCE is focused on the DO BETTERMENT

PROJECTS.

Categories of MaintenanCE :
Road Surface
Shoulder and Approach
Bridge
Traffic Services

Road Surface MaintenanCE

MaintenanCE Operations requires:

1. For Gravel Roads, blading and periodic reshaping or
resurfacing is a routine for periodic maintenanCE
activity.
2. For Surface Treatment of low type bituminous
pavement, maintenanCE could be patching, seal

coating,

remixing and relaying.

3. For Slick Asphalt Surface, roughening, burning or non
skid seal is required.
4. For Concrete Road, maintenanCE could be removal
and replacement or filling of damaged areas.

Shoulder and Approach

MaintenanCE of Shoulder and Approach:

1. Sod Shoulders should be removed and
periodically bladed down to the roadway
avoid entrapment of water in the

elevation to

travelled way.

2. Grass prevent soulder erosion.

3. Gravel and Earth shoulder should be maintained
by blading under favorable weather

conditions.

4. Rutting and Setting the shoulder should be

corrected at once by reconstruction or re-

surfacing.

Roadside

Conditions
Ingenious Machine Used
Drainage

Conditions for the MaintenanCE of Roadside:

1. If the roadside is full of GRASS, mowing
closer to the shoulder is the answer.
2. If the roadside has dry GRASS considered as
fire hazard, burning or plowing is

the

solution.
3. If bushes cover the back-slope, trimming is
necessary to maintain clearance and
distance.

sight

Ingenious Machine Used:

a. Mechanical Sod Cutter
b. Combined Seed & Fertilizer Spreader
c. Power Mowers
d. Portable Grass Cutter
e. Bush Mower
f. Bush Chopper

Ingenious Machine Used:

a. Mechanical Sod Cutter

Ingenious Machine Used:

b. Combined Seed & Fertilizer Spreader

Ingenious Machine Used:

c. Power Mowers

Ingenious Machine Used:

d. Portable Grass Cutter

Ingenious Machine Used:

e. Bush Mower

Ingenious Machine Used:

f. Bush Chopper

Drainage
- The means of removing surplus water or
liquid waste

Drainage MaintenanCE:
1. Cleaning of ditches, culvert, drop inlets and
catch basins to accomodate free flow of

water.

2. Removal of sediments, branches and other

debris gathered at trash racks, culvert
entrances.
3. Repair of eroded channels and dikes.
4. Riprap and bank protection to prevent
recurrence

and structure

Bridge

Bridge MaintenanCE: 1
1. For steel bridge structure, the routine
maintenance calls for cleaning by
flame or other means of

sandblasting,
repainting.

2. Cleaning and re-sealing of deck joints that are

extruded or filled with dirt.
3. Repair of drainage handrails.
4. Re-surfacing of rough or slicky deck surface.
5. Correct serious scour around the pier & abutments.

Bridge MaintenanCE: 2
6. Most bridges maintenance is considered specialized
work.
7. Concrete bridge decks normally deteriorate due to
deicing salts.
8. Correction is to remove the concret, clean the steel and
apply new materials such as polymer concrete.
9. Sometimes, seal-out overlay of asphalt materials are
used as protective covering.

Bridge MaintenanCE: 3
10. Check the bridge deck deterioration by:
a. Applying waterproof membranes.
b. Applying latex modified concrete.
c. Impregnating the deck with polymers.
d. Passing electric current through reinforcing
steel.
11. If decks are dismantled, an epoxy coated reinforcing
steel may be used.

Traffic Services

Traffic Services
Maintenance operations of highway includes the
traffic services like :

Stripping is a continuing functions

Repair of road signs

Maintenance of street and highway light and signals.

Coping up w/ emergencies.

B. Rehabilitation

Pavement Rehabilitation
-

is an activity primarily to provide good riding and

skid resistance or to improve the structural effectiveness

of the pavement.
-

resurfacing, restoration and rehabilitation work,

restoring the original safe usable condition w/o addition to

the original capacity (FHWA)

Objectives :
Source : AASHTO
1. To improve the smoothness of the road
surface.
2. To extend the pavement life.
3. To improve the skid resistance of the road.
4. To construct the sections with poor
foundations.
5. To improve the drainage facilities.

The Efficiency of highway system could be

rated by :
1. Sufficiency ratings.
2. Accident data.
3. Skid tests.
4. Maintenance report.
5. Public comments and suggestions.

Others :
a. Resurfacing
b. Restoration and Rehabilitation
c. Pavement Maintenance
d. Definition of terms

Resurfacing
It is the addition of pavement layer over the existing
roadway or bridge deck surface to provide additional
capacity.

Note :
The additional re-surface pavement should not be less than
20 mm in thickness.

Restoration & Rehabilitation

This includes :
1. Replacement of defective joints.
2. Repair of spalled joints.
3. Substantial pavement work
4. Reworking or strenthening of sub-base.
5. Recycling existing materials to improve their
structural integrity.
6. Adding under drains
7. Improving Shoulders
8. Removing & replacing deteriorated materials.

Pavement MaintenanCE
This refers to actions that are corrective or
preventive.

Reconstruction - refers to the removal of existing

pavement and replacing them w/ a new pavement and under
course.

Overlays - could be either by Portland cement or Asphalt

concrete laid on an existing pavement.

Recycling means repeated use of existing materials

working on asphalt materials, portland cement or lime.

Recycling
Generally, recycling contribute to the stabilization of cost

conservation due to inadequate material resources and reducton

of energy requirements.
PAVEMENT RECYCLING is categorize into :
1. The type of materials to be used.
2. The Procedure to be employed.
3. The strucutural benefit to be gained.

Recycling
Recycling procedures are as follows :
1) Surface Recycling
2) In place Surface and Base Recycling
3) Central Plant Recycling

PLEASE, LET ME EXPLAIN

Definition of TERMS
Surface Roughness
- defined as irregularities in the pavement surface
adversely affect the riding quality.

Surface Distress
-

any indication

performance

or

signs

of
of

unfavorable
impending

pavement

failure,

unsatisfactory performance is a sort of failure

or

any

that

Any type of distress that may be observed

includes any one of the ff :
a) Fracture associated with load and non-load
cracking.
b) Distortion is a permanent deformation of
faulting
c) Disintegration such as spalling, ravelling and
other failure of the pavement.

SOME POINTS TO REMEMBER >>

For

each

Distress

Type,

the

corresponding

damage, severity and locations are specified. All data

are gathered and indicated in the survey form as guide.
In case of Surface Deflection, measurement in the
changes of the pavement surface level between the
loaded and unloaded segment is the basis for
rehabilitation design strategy.
Distress observations could be of static deflection,
steady state of deflection or by the impact load
response as determined by the Dynaflect and Falling
Weight Deflection respectively.

SURFACE FRICTION is determined from gathered

data identifying a pavement section having a low
coefficient of friction. There are equipment available to
determine the skid number. It is measured a locked
wheel trailer (ASTM Method E-274) or by the Yaw
Mode Trailer where the wheels are skewed in
accordance with the direction of TRAVEL ...

THANKS MUCH
FOR THE TIME
AND EFFORT
for LISTENING!!! ^.^

HAPPY WORLD TEACHERs/INSTRUCTORs DAY!!