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Introduction
The
Agenda
Training
and Certification.
Audit/Evaluation & Surveillance.
Liquid Penetrant Inspection.
Magnetic Particle Inspection.
Radiography Inspection.
Ultrasonic Inspection.
Eddy Current Inspection.
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Overview
It
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Overview
1) Documentation- written procedures, processes
specifications and/or methods used by the vendor in
performance and controls of NDT activities.
2) Organization- relationship of NDT organization
to management.
3) Environment- the general physical condition of
the facility, e.g.,housekeeping, storage, safety,
consumable management, equipment.
4) Calibration- process by which an item is
checked to a standard.
5) Training- methods used and records maintained
to train and retrain NDT personnel
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Examination
May
be accomplished by an outside
agency, but does not alleviate the employer
of responsibility.
For Level I and II a general, specific, and
practical test is required.(ASNT)
For Level III a basic, method, and specific
test is required.(ASNT)
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Examination
The
Examination
Minimum
Examination
Also an eye exam should be accomplished
annually for near vision acuity and every 3
years for color contrast Differentiation.
Re-certification for Level I and II should be
every 3years, Level III every 5 years.
(ASNT)
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Documentation
1) Does the facility have a manual to
include an organizational chart?
2) Does the manual contain or refer to
the appropriate specifications, are they
current , and available?
3) Are there provisions in the manual for
internal review/evaluation and are the
appropriate records maintained?
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Audit/Evaluation and
Surveillance
11) Is there a separate NDI organization in the
facility?
12) Does the NDI manager or equivalent have direct
line authority to the NDI qualified personnel?
13) Are the NDI requirements provided to the NDI
inspection personnel by use of written practice?
14) Does the NDI manager, or equivalent, review the
quality assurance system to monitor compliance to
the FAA approved data?
15) Are proper shift change procedures in place?
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Audit/Evaluation and
Surveillance
Environment
1) Is the size of the work area sufficient to perform
the NDI inspections?
2) Is there adequate work area for storage and
separation of NDI materials?
3) Is there a method for controlling and segregating
nonconforming NDI equipment and materials?
4) Are appropriate manuals, procedures, and other
documentation available for use by qualified
personnel?
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Audit/Evaluation and
Surveillance
Environment (continued)
5) Are adequate parts handling systems (cranes, hoists,
lifts etc) available?
6) Do routing documents specify the operation needed
and in what sequence?
7) Is adequate protection provided to parts during
handling and routing?
8) Is metal to metal contact of finished surfaces
prevented during handling?
9) Are obsolete documents removed from inspection
areas
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Calibration
1) Is there a procedure for calibrating inspection
devices to certified standards?
2) Are there procedures for segregation of
functional and nonfunctional equipment?
3) Are procedures in place to ensure repaired
equipment is recalibrated?
4) Are reference standards properly labeled, stored
and used?
5) Are independent data available for reference
standards, ie., drawings, metrology, etc.?
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Basic Types
1) Type I Fluorescent
2) Type II Visible
Methods
1) Method A Water washable
2) Method B Post-emulsified, lipophilic
3) Method C Solvent-removable
4) Method D Post-emulsified,
hydrophilic
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Liquid Penetrant
Sensitivity
Liquid Penetrant
Developers
Liquid Penetrant
Solvent
classes
1) Class 1- Halogenated
2) Class 2 Nonhalogenated
3) Class 3 Specific application
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Liquid Penetrant
Quality
Liquid Penetrant
Developer
contamination ( Aqueous:
soluble and suspendable) accomplished
daily.
1) Checked for fluorescence, as
appropriate, and coverage by immersing
an aluminum panel. Failure to uniformly
wet the panel or any observed fluorescence
is unsatisfactory and the developer shall be
replaced.
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Liquid Penetrant
Developer
Liquid Penetrant
Water
Liquid Penetrant
Black
Liquid Penetrant
Non-water
Liquid Penetrant
Penetrant
Liquid Penetrant
Penetrant
removability (Method A)
Checked monthly.
1) Test shall by accomplished using
normal wash parameters compare with
unused material.
Emulsifier removability Checked
monthly.
1) Compare with unused material on
test piece or production part.
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Liquid Penetrant
Emulsifier
Liquid Penetrant
Light
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Liquid Penetrant
Preparing
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Magnetic Particle
Quality
Magnetic Particle
System performance using a test piece or ring
specimen. Check daily.
Wet particle concentration. Check each shift Shall
be .1 to .4ml in a 100ml sample fluorescent particles.
Shall be 1.2ml to 2.4ml for nonfluorescent particles.
Gauss meter (Teslameter) reading zero. Check each
use.
Gauss meter (Teslameter) accuracy. 6 months.
Ammeter accuracy. Check 6 months usually
accomplished with a shunt and a calibrated ammeter
IAW MFG specifications +-10%.
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Magnetic Particle
Quick
Magnetic Particle
Wet
Magnetic Particle
Water
Magnetic Particle
Preparation
of parts.
1) Demagnetize the part before
examination if prior operations have
produced a residual magnetic field.
2)The surface of the part to be
inspected shall be smooth, clean, dry, and
free of oil, scale, machining marks, or
other contaminants or condition that might
interfere with the efficiency of the
inspection.
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Magnetic Particle
3) No coating that may prevent detection
of surface defects. Paint or chrome greater
than .003 inch in thickness, and
ferromagnetic coating such as
electroplated nickel greater than .001 inch
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Radiography
Safety
Radiography
CFR
Radiography
CFR
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Radiography
CFR
Radiography
CFR
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Radiography
CFR
Radiography
Part
Radiography
Radiation
detection devices.
1) Survey Meter Measures dose rate.
Gas filled tubes are used in the 2 types of
survey meters: the ionization chamber
survey meter and the Geiger-Muller
(or G-M) survey meter.
The Ion chamber survey meter is
primarily used. Survey meters should be
calibrated every 6 months (CFR 10 Part
34)
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Radiography
2) Pocket Dosimeter The pocket dosimeter is
basically an air- filled ion chamber.The pocket
dosimeter uses a charger to apply an electric
charge to zero the quartz fiber as the dosimeter is
exposed to ionization radiation, the ions created
will neutralize the charge on the fiber and wire
causing the fiber to move toward the wire giving
a reading of exposure in milliroentgen (mR). The
pocket dosimeter should be calibrated every12
months.
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Radiography
3) Film Badge or TLD Must be sent out
monthly to a certified Lab for reading,
they will send back a report of individual
exposure, which must become a part of the
individual personal exposure record.
4) Rate Alarm Set to 500 mrem/hr.
calibrate every 12 months, may only be
required for use with isotopes.
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Radiography
ALARA
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Radiography
Storage
of materials
1) Film should be stored in a cool dry
place on its end, the expiration date
should be on the box.
2) Chemicals (starter, fixer, and
developer) should be stored in an
appropriate locker. Most of these
chemicals have a 2 year life limit marked
on the box.
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Radiography
Radiation
Safety Officer.
1) The RSO is the
individual with the responsibility for overall
radiation safety program and who meets the
requirements. 2) The RSO shall ensure that
radiation safety activities are being performed in
accordance with approved procedures and
regulatory requirements in the daily operation of
the licensees program. 3) The RSO shall establish
and oversee all operating, emergency, and ALARA
procedure.
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Radiography
RSO
cont.
4) Overseeing and approving all
phases of the training program for radiographic
personnel.5) Ensure that the required radiation
surveys and leak tests are performed and
documented in accordance with regulations.
6)
Ensure that personal monitoring devices are
calibrated and used properly. 7)Ensuring that
operations are conducted safely and to assume
control for instituting corrective actions.
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Radiography
Radiographer
Ultrasound
Ultrasonic
Ultrasound
Ultrasonic
through transmission
Requires 2 transducers one for sending and
the other for receiving. Short or continuous
waves are transmitted into the material.The
quality of the material being tested is
measured in terms of energy lost by the
sound beam as it travels through the
material.
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Ultrasound
Contact
Ultrasound
Longitudinal
Ultrasound
Displaying
Ultrasound
C-scan Is a Plan View presentation
similar to an X-ray picture.The C-scan
shows shape and location of the
discontinuity but does not show depth.
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Ultrasound
Calibration
Ultrasound
Reference
Ultrasound
Facility
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Eddy Current
Eddy
Eddy Current
1) Analog meter
2) Digital meter
3) Oscilloscope
4) Impedance plane
5) Strip chart recorders
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Eddy Current
Eddy
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Eddy Current
The
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Eddy Current
Reference
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Eddy Current
Conductivity
measurements
Conductivity measuring can be used to
determine a materials temper if you know
the alloy, it can be used to sort different
alloys, it can also be used to determine
heat damage on aluminum alloys.
Conductivity measurement alone can not
be used to identify different alloys due to
the overlap of conductivity ranges.
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Eddy Current
Conductivity cont. Accomplishing a
conductivity measurement is achieved by
using a conductivity instrument setting it
up with known calibration standards of
known value. A reading is given in %
IACS (International Annealed Copper
Standard) These standards should be
checked periodically for accuracy due
some materials conductivity changes with
age
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Eddy Current
Conductivity
Eddy Current
As
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Summary
In
Information
Additional
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