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EQUILIBRIUM

Equilibrium
DEFINITION OF EQUILIBRIUM
-> a condition in which all acting
influences are cancelled by others,
resulting in a stable, balanced, or
unchanging system.
-> The state of a body or physical system
at rest or in unaccelerated motion in
which the resultant of all forces acting
on it is zero and the sum of all torques
about any axis is zero.

Equilibrium
Two Conditions of Equilibrium:
1. No Net Force
-> the summation of forces acting on a
body/object is equal to zero.

F 0

2. No Net Torque
-> the summation of torques acting on the
body/object is equal to zero.

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Formula:

F FX FX 0

-> the summation of the X and Y

components should be equal to zero.
Find the summation of X and summation
of Y.

FX ?
FY ?

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

2*

1 *
FL

FR
1

1 = *2
2 = *1

A box is suspended
by two wires. Tell
whether the box is
in equilibrium or not.

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

FL

FR
1

There are there

are three forces
present.

FL, FR and W are

these forces.

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

FR = 49.00 N

FL = 84.87 N

1 = 60
FL = 84.87 N
FR = 49.00 N
W = 10.00 kg

2 = 30

1 = 60
2 = 30

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:
The yellow
The green
dashed lines
FLy
dashed lines
FL
are x
are y
components.
components.
1 60

FLx
FLx = lFLl cos 1
FLx = (magnitude of FL)

FLy = lFLl sin 1

FLy = ( magnitude of FL)

(cos of angle)

(sin of angle)

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

FLy

FL
1 = 60

FLx
Solution for FLx ;
Solution for FLy ;
FLx = -(84.87N)(cos 60) FLy = (84.87N)(sin 60)
FLx = -42.44N
FLy = 73.50N

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

FR

FRy

FRx
FRx = lFRl cos 2
FRx = (magnitude of FR)

FLy = lFRl sin 2

FLy = (magnitude of FR)

(cos of angle)

(sin of angle)

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

FR

FRy

2 = 30

FRx
Solution for FRx;
FRx = (49.0N)(cos 30)
FRx = 42.44N

Solution for FRy;

FLy = (49.0N)(sin 30)
FLy = 24.5N

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

W
W = ma
m = mass = 10.0 kg
a = acceleration due to gravity = 9.8m/s2
Wx= lWl cos w
Wx = (magnitude of W)

Wy = lWl sin w
Wy = (magnitude of W) (

(cos of angle)

sin of angle)

Equilibrium
First Condition of Equilibrium
Example:

W
W = (10.00 kg)(9.80 m/s2)
W = 98.00kgm/s2 or 98.00N
Solution for Wx ;
Solution for Wy ;
Wx= (98.00N)(cos 270o) Wy = (98.00N)(sin 270o)
Wx = 0 N
Wy = -98.00N

Equilibrium
Summation of X components
of the vectors

+
FLx
lFLl cos 1

0 = Fx

FRx
+ lFLl cos 1 + lWl cos w =

Fx

Equilibrium
Summation of X components
of the vectors

(-42.44N)

FLx
lFLl cos 1

(42.44N)

+ 0 = 0N

FRx
+ lFLl cos 1 + 0(zero)

Fx

Equilibrium
Summation of Y components
of the vectors

+
FRy

FLy
lFLl sin 1

lFLl sin 1 +

= Fy

Wy

ma

Fy

Equilibrium
Summation of Y components
of the vectors

73.50N

FRy

FLy
lFLl sin 1

24.50N

lFLl sin 1 +

(-98.00N)

= 0N

Wy

ma

Fy

Equilibrium
Summation of Concurrent Forces

Fx + Fy = F
Summation of
x component

Summation of
y component

Total
Force

Equilibrium
Summation of Concurrent Forces

0N

Summation of
x component

= 0N

0N

Summation of
y component

Total
Force

Equilibrium
Summation of Concurrent Forces

F = 0N
Total
Force

Conclusion:
The system is in equilibrium
due to the summation of all
forces(Total Force/Net
Force) is equal to zero.

Equilibrium
Three Types of Equilibrium
1. Stable Equilibrium
-> occurs when an object is placed in such
a fashion that an effort to disturb it
would require its CG to be raised.
Example: a book lying on a table
The red dot signifies
the center of
gravity of the book.
Point of Suspension/
Point of Contact

Equilibrium
2. Unstable Equilibrium
->a slight disturbance will drop the objects
CG to a lower point
->an unstable objects seeks stability by
falling from a smaller to a larger base of
support. Example: a stick standing on its
vertical position.
The red dot signifies
the center of
gravity of the stick.
Point of Suspension/
Point of Contact

Equilibrium
3. Neutral Equilibrium
->occurs when an objects CG is neither
raised nor lowered when it is disturbed
->remains the same
Example: rolling ball
The red dot signifies
the center of gravity
of the rolling ball.
Point of Suspension/
Point of Contact

Equilibrium

Homework:
1.) A 43.30097990kg crate is suspended by two
ropes. The first rope has an angle of 45
from the horizontal to the left and the
second ones angle is 75 from the vertical at
the right. Find the tension in first rope if the
T2 = 346.48N.
2.) An object is hanging using three strings that
has a weight of 250.0000000g. The first
string is tied to left and the other two are
connected to right. The angle of the one on
the left is 10 from the horizontal. The first
string from the right is 100 starting from
the left string CW. While the last string is
37 from the other one on the right side. The
force in the last string is 1334.36N. Find all
the forces and verify if the system is in
equilibrium.

Equilibrium

End of
Presentation!