BY: Vivek Jariw

MEMORY

Memory refer to computer components, devices and

recording media that hold digital data and program.

Memory usually refers to a form of solid state storage known

as random access memory (RAM) or read only memory
(ROM)

STORAGE
Storage more commonly refers to mass storage - optical
discs, forms of magnetic storage like hard disks, and other
types of storage which are slower than RAM , but can hold
data permanently.

WHAT IS ROM?
It works as a storage medium, used in computers and other
electronic devices.
Data stored in this memory cannot be modified. so it is
mainly used to distribute software that is very closely tied to
specific hardware, and unlikely to need frequent updates.
It usually refers only to mask ROM (oldest type of ROM),

which is fabricated with the desired data permanently stored

in it, and can never be modified.

"R0M"

 According to Wikipedia; Classic ROM chips are integrated

circuits that store data physically, so that it is impossible to
change their contents after fabrication. Other types of nonvolatile memory allow some degree of modification.

"ROM"

USES AND CHARACTERISITCS

OF ROM
ROM usually stores the startup instructions for the
computer, and it also helps to load the operating system.
Now, regarding reading and writing speeds;
For those types of ROM that can be electrically modified, writing speed is
always much slower than reading speed, and it may need unusually high
voltage. Modern Flash devices achieve the highest write speeds of any
rewritable ROM technology, with speeds as high as 15 MB/s(or 70
ns/bit), by allowing large blocks of memory cells to be written
simultaneously.

TYPES OF "ROM"

PROM
Programmable read-only memory (PROM), or one-time programmable
ROM (OTP), can be written to or programmed. Typically, this device
uses high voltages to permanently destroy or create internal links within
the chip. Consequently, a PROM can only be programmed once.

EPROM
Erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) can be
erased by exposure to strong ultraviolet light (typically for 10
minutes or longer), then rewritten with a process that again
needs higher than usual voltage applied. Repeated exposure
to UV light will eventually wear out an EPROM, but the
endurance of most EPROM chips exceeds 1000 cycles of
erasing and reprogramming.

 EPROM chip packages can often be identified by the

prominent quartz "window" which allows UV light to enter.
After programming, the window is typically covered with a
label to prevent accidental erasure. Some EPROM chips are
factory-erased before they are packaged, and include no
window.

EEPROM
Electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
(EEPROM) is based on a similar semiconductor structure to
EPROM, but allows its entire contents to be electrically
erased or rewritten, so that they dont need to be removed
from the computer or device. Writing or flashing an
EEPROM is much slower than reading from a ROM or
writing to a RAM.

EAROM

FLASH

Thank You

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