Huawei Wimax Overview

Security Level: Internal
Overview of WiMAX
CDMA & WiMAX TSD
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.
Huawei Confidential
WiMAX is one kind of wireless broadband

access technology. Understanding the basic
concept and development is helpful to apply
WiMAX.
This course is mainly focused on WiMAX
concept, development, Usage scenario, key
technologies
and
realization,
which
overview of WiMAX.
Huawei Confidential
Page 2
are
After you learn this course, you will

Know what is WiMAX and its standard protocol
Know the application and advantages over other
technologies.
Know the realization of WiMAX
Huawei Confidential
Page 3
WiMAX Conception and Development

WiMAX Usage Scenario
WiMAX Key Technologies
WiMAX Network Architecture
Huawei Confidential
Page 4
What is WiMAX?
WAN
IEEE 802.20
(proposed)
Worldwide
Interoperability for
Microwave
Access
MAN
IEEE 802.16Wireless
MAN
IEEE 802.11
Wireless LAN
LAN
IEEE
802.15 Bluetooth
PAN
3GPP,3GPP
2
ETSI
HiperMAN &
HIPERACCES
ETSI S
HiperLAN
ETSI
HiperPAN
WiMAX is a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) technology that is applied to Metropolitan

Area Network (MAN), is compliance with the IEEE802.16 standard.
WiMAX complies with Broadband + Wireless tendency. WiMAX adopts many advanced
technologies to maintain its obvious broadband, including Orthogonal frequency Division
Multiple Access (OFDMA), Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and so on.
It is called a 3.5G or 4G Technology.
Huawei Confidential
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WiMAX Background
Broadband Mobilization
Traditional fixed broadband access
broadband wireless access
Fixed, Nomadic, Portable, Mobile

WLAN and WiMAX
Mobility Broadbandization
Simple voice SMS, low speed service
high speed data service
1xEV-DO HSDPA/HSUPA
Huawei Confidential
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WiMAX Background
Every wireless technology corporation adopts private protocol in classic system,

such as Local Multipoint Distribution Service (LMDS) , and Multiple-channel
and Multipoint Distribution. This pattern is lack of interoperability. So their
applications in large scale are limited.
Classic instance WiFi
Based on consistency and interoperability the emergence of WiMAX is a

landmark of broadband mobilization.
WiMAX is the appellative title that IEEE802.16 technologies propagandize in the

telecommunication market. As well, WiMAX is another symbol name of
802.16d/e technologies.
Huawei Confidential
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WiMAX Development
In 1999, IEEE constituted 801.16 workgroup to research broadband wireless access

technology specification. It is aimed to establish a globe broadband wireless access
criteria uniformly.
In Apr. 2001, WiMAX forum was established. It is aimed to authenticate consistency

and interoperability of broadband wireless access product that based on IEEE 802.16
and ETSI HiperMAN standard.
At the beginning of 2003, 802.16a criteria was issued. It is aimed to design broadband
fixed access standard NLOS system that worked between 2 11 GHz.
On Oct. 1rst 2004, 802.16d fixed access standard was issued.
In Nov. 2004, WiMAX established Network Work Group (NWG). It is used to constitute
IEEE 802.16d/e network specification.
At the end of 2005, 802.16e standard was issued.
802.16f and 802.16g are in process .
Huawei Confidential
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WiMAX Protocol Introduction

WiMAX, based 802.16, has two primary standards.
802.16d fixed broadband wireless access
This specification standardizes air interface between fixed access terminal and BS
system. It mainly focused on interface of PHY (Physical Layer) and MAC (Medium
Access Control Layer).
802.16e mobile broadband wireless access

It is a broadband wireless access criteria that supports mobility.
The biggest feature is to support mobility that terminals move in car speed.
Both fixed and mobile broadband wireless can access system simultaneously.
802.16e works below 6GHz permissive frequency band.
802.16e access capacity is compatible with 802.16d.
Huawei Confidential
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WiMAX Forum
WiMAX forum is a not-for-profit corporation established by advanced

Telecommunication operator, Integrated Equipment Vendor, Telecommunication
Element Vendor commonly.
The WiMAX Forum aims to promote and certify the compatibility and
interoperability of Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) products using the IEEE
802.16 wireless MAN specifications
The WiMAX Forum is dedicated to work for broadband wireless access system
research, requirement analysis, application pattern exploring, market extension
and all kinds of business that promote broadband wireless access interconnection
with market.
There is a mark WiMAX CERTIFICATED is marked on every product that is

certificated by WiMAX forum.
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WiMAX Forum Architecture
The target of WiMAX Forum is to promote and accelerate the process that high performance
wireless broadband service in low cost enter market.
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WiMAX Healthy Eco-System

Integrated Equipment Startup BWA
Vendor
Vendor
Chipset Maker
Terminal
Manufacturer
WiMAX Forum Member

Constitution
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Workgroup and Forum
IEEE 802.16 Workgroup is constitutor of WiMAX air interface

specification.
WiMAX forum is a promoter of technology and industry chain.
Standardizatio
n
IEEE 802.16
Standard
Realization
WiMAX Forum
Huawei Confidential
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WiMAX/EV-DO/HSDPA Comparison
Technique
WiMAX
3G(CDMA-2000)
3G(WCDMA/UMTS
)
Standard protocol
IEEE 802.16e
CDMA-2000
WCDMA/UMTS
Throughput
Till 30Mbps
(10MHZ bandwidth)
Till 2.4Mbps(1XEV-Do)
Till 3.1Mbps(1XEV-DV)
Till 2Mbps (HSDPA

higher than 10Mb/s)
Coverage
Typical 2 5Km
Typical 2 5Km
Typical 2 5Km
Frequency
2 6GHz
400 700 800 900

1800 2100MHz
900 1800 2100

MHz
Bandwidth
1.25~20MHz
1.25MHz
5MHz(fixed)
Core technique in
PHY Layer
OFDMA,
AMC MIMO or AAS
CDMA AMC
CDMA AMC
Duplex mode
TDD
FDD
FDD
Mobility
Low speed
High speed
High speed
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WiMAX and WiFi Comparison
WiFi covers smaller than 300 feet, and works only under wireless LAN.
WiMAX 802.16e covers 1~3 kilometers , and mainly works under

Wireless MAN (Metropolitan Area Network).
Interoperability and consistency of WiMAX promote any corporation

can access network steadily.
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WiMAX Advantages
Outstanding application and service

Based on 802.16d/e standard protocol, the primary application of WiMAX are link relay,
backhaul access, last one mile access, substitution for coppery line, and mixed
networking with WLAN.
Advanced technique performance

WiMAX adopts advanced technologies, such as mesh, beam forming, MIMO and so
on. The scope covering is about 50km, and throughput of one sector is 75Mbps.
Broadband mobilization
High spectrum efficiency
Interconnection with Next Generation Network (NGN)
Strong capacity of service Access
Convenient updating and maintenance
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Fixed
Nomadic
Fixed
16d/16e
Enterprise access ; family

Application
outdoor access
Terminal
Mobility
Outdoor
Portable
Nomadic
16e
Simple Mobility
Portable
16e
Simple Mobility
16e
Full Mobility
Full Mobility
16e
Family indoor access and

Family outdoor access and
High-rate mobile
personal terminal
Middle-rate mobile
personal terminal access
personal terminal
access not support
personal terminal access
access
support handover
handover
Indoor, PCMCIA
Without
Without
Individual CPE PCMCIA, Individual CPE PCMCIA Personal

handing terminal Embedded handing
Embedded portable terminal terminal
<=5Km/h
Huawei Confidential
<=60Km/h
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<=120Km/h
WiMAX Application
Internet connection
Internet bar telephone bar
Real-time video watching
Narrow band service and BS interconnection
LAN interconnection
IPTV application
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Services WiMAX Supported

WiMAX forum put forward following service :
Interactive games among multiple person
VoIP and video meeting
Media streaming downloading
Web browse and instant messages
Media matter downloading
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Broadband Access Service based QoS

Support 5 kinds service scheduling of IEEE802.16 standard
UGS (Unsolicited Grant Service) VoIP without silence compression

It is used to transmit the real-time data service of fixed rate. The service offers fixed
size grants on a real-time periodic basis, without MS requests and assure that grants
are available to meet the flows real-time needs.
rtPS (Real-time Polling Service) MPEG video

The rtPS is designed to support real-time uplink service flows that transport variable
size data packets on a periodic basis, such as MPEG video. This service requires
more request overhead than UGS, but supports variable grant sizes for optimum data
transport efficiency.
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ErtPS (Extended Real-time Polling Service) VoIP (with silence

compression)
rtPS is a scheduling mechanism which builds on the efficiency of both UGS and
rtPS.
NrtPS (Non-real-time Polling Service) FTP service

It is used to support the non-real-time data stream of a periodic variable packet,
such as, the Internet entry that requires the ensured minimum rate. The service
must be confined to the specific maximum rate under certain circumstances.
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BE (Best Effort) web browse e-mail

It is used to support the non-real-time packet data service that has no
requirements for rate and delay, such as E-mail and short text
messages.
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WiMAX Usage Scenarios
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WiMAX Key Technique-OFDM/OFDMA

OFDM Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing
Adopting TDMA
Main idea: To transform data serial transmission to
OFDMA
Freqency
OFDM
parallel transmission. Then multiple

parallel data stream are modulated into
orthogonal sub-carriers. Subcarrier
spectrum can be overlapped.
OFDM technique advantages

Sub-carriers
Time
OFDMA
Output Power
OFDM
Frequency
are orthogonal and overlap and thus

to improve spectrum efficiency
Parallel data transmission resist multi-path
interference
Channel estimation and balance are simply
realized
Easy to combine with other technologies:
OFDM+CDMA OFDM +MIMO, etc
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WiMAX Key Technique--OFDM/OFDMA

OFDM
Freqency
IEEE802.16e protocol extends OFDMA

in PHY realization.
OFDMA: Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing Access
Comparison with OFDM:
OFDMA
Time
Smaller granularity in resource allocation, it
subcarrier-N
subcarrier-4
subcarrier-3
subcarrier-2
subcarrier-1
supports multiple users in same frequency

band.
More flexible resource allocation method.
It could make full use of spectrum.
frequency
OFDM symbol/frame
IFFT
S1 S2
S3 S4
S5
S6
SN
S7
IFFT
SN+1 SN+2 SN+3 SN+4

IFFT
Time
S2N
Guard time
Bandwidth
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OFDM symbol
(FTT duration)
WiMAX Key Techniques--AMC

AMC: Adaptive Modulation and Coding
It adopts different modulation coding methods, based on
the channel conditions to provide robust link adaptation in
mobile environments;
Generate different transmitting rates by combining coding
and modulation methods.
16QAM
64QAM
QPSK
Modulation/FEC rate
Norimalized C/N(dB)
QPSK 1/3
0.5
QPSK 1/2
QPSK 2/3
7.5
QPSK 3/4
16-QAM 1/2
12
16-QAM 2/3
14.5
16-QAM 3/4
15
16-QAM 5/6
17.5
64-QAM 1/2
18
64-QAM 2/3
20
64-QAM 3/4
21
64-QAM 5/6
23
AMC
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WiMAX Key Technique--MIMO

MIMO Multiple input and multiple output
MIMO means Multi-input antennas and Multi-output antennas, through transmit and receive
the wireless data on several antennas in parallel. This feature can improve the spectrum
efficiency and system capacity , of course it can supports higher speed date rate ,but it need
more TRX hardware and more capacity of baseband processing.
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1
2
3
DSP
DSP
2
3
MIMO spatial multiplexing mode
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1
2
3
DSP
DSP
2
3
MIMO spatial diversity mode
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WiMAX Key Technique--AAS

AAS Adaptive/Advanced Antenna System
Function: According to noise, interference, multiple access influence,
AAS dynamically changes one antenna array within antenna direction
change antenna direction to trace user and improve signal
figure. It can
quality. Still, it is used
to form beam forming when sending signal.
Simple Beamforming
Signal
Enhanced Nulling
Interference
Interference
Signal
Signal Interference
Signal
Huawei Confidential
Interference
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WiMAX Usage Scenarios
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WiMAX End to End Network

NSP1
NSP2
CSN
R5
HA
AAA
Internet
or ASP
HA
AAA
Internet
or ASP
R2
R3
NAP1 ASN
CSN
R3
ASNGW
R6
R3
R3
ASN
ASNGW
NAP2
R6
BS
BS
R4/R8
R1
R2
Huawei Confidential
R1
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R1 R6 and R3 Interface Stack

R6
R1
802.16
MAC
802.16
MAC
802.16
PHY
802.16
PHY
MS
IP
IP
GRE
GRE
IP
IP
BS
GRE
IP
GRE
IP
PE
SERVER
R3
Signaling
Signaling
Radius
/DHCP
UDP
UDP
UDP
IP
IP
IP
BS
(R3 GRE VPN)
ASN GW
R6
Stack protocol of the

service plane
R6R6
protocol
/DHCP
R6R6
protocol
/DHCP
IP
R3
ASN GW
Signaling stack protocol
AAA/DHCP Server
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WiMAX Network Element
MSS-Mobile Scriber Station
ASN-Access Service Network

ASN is mainly used for 802.16 air interface management and its primary functions are
network searching and selecting access selecting NAP for user AAA , connecting to
selected CSN handover and mobility management wireless resource allocation and
management.
CSN-Connect Service Network

CSN is mainly used for connecting to Internet, ASP, PLMN network or other network and its
primary functions are: authorization, fee accounting (AAA) roaming among NSPs IP
address management policy controlling and QoS management for multiple service (such as
voice, PTP, VPN, broadcast and multiple broadcast, message).
NAP-Network Access Provider
NSP-Network Service Provider

Huawei Confidential
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HUAWEI WiMAX Network Element
MSS
CPE, PCMIA, TA501 (only for test)
ASN
BTS3703 (ASN RAN), include BBU Base Band Unit and RRU
Remote Radio Unit
WASN9770 ASN GW
CSN
AAA, DHCP Server, HA
Huawei Confidential
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HUAWEI BTS Introduction

BTS3703
BBU Base Band Unit
RRU Remote Radio Unit
BTS3703 3X1 configuration (3 sector one carrier for one sector)

Huawei Confidential
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HUAWEI ASN GW
Power distrubution box(2U)
LAN Switch S3528 (1U)
Lan switch cabling rack(1U)
LAN Switch S3528 (1U)
Lan switch cabling rack(1U)
Blank panel (3U)
Blank panel (3U)
WASN Subrack
Blank panel(3U)
Power distribution Box

LanSwitch
WASN9770
subrack (18U)
Firewall
Large cabling rack(1U)
Blank panel (1U)
Blank panel (1U)
Firewall E200(3U)
HUAWEI WASN9770 Product figure
Blank panel(2U)
Firewall E200(3U)
Blank panel (2U)
Huawei Confidential
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HUAWEI WiMAX Network Characteristics
For fixed network operator HUAWEI can provide end to end independent
networking scheme of WiMAX 16e . The perfect combination of WiMAX and
IMS forms all IP network which could provide broader band in a low cost.
WiMAX network not only can deploy MAN system for operator, but also it
could be applied to WAN construction.
For mobile network operator HUAWEI can provide perfect mixed

networking scheme of mobile WiMAX. It can combines WiMAX and existed
2G (GSM)/3G (WCDMA, CDMA) network of customer. So operator could
make full use and protection of investment . Thus, two kind networks can
share several core network equipment, such as HA, HLR, AAA.
Huawei Confidential
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Enrich your communication and life
Thank you
www.huawei.com

Huawei Wimax Overview

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Security Level: Internal

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX is one kind of wireless broadband

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

After you learn this course, you will

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX Conception and Development

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX is a Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) technology that is applied to Metropolitan

broadband wireless access

Fixed, Nomadic, Portable, Mobile

high speed data service

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Every wireless technology corporation adopts private protocol in classic system,

Based on consistency and interoperability the emergence of WiMAX is a

WiMAX is the appellative title that IEEE802.16 technologies propagandize in the

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

In 1999, IEEE constituted 801.16 workgroup to research broadband wireless access

In Apr. 2001, WiMAX forum was established. It is aimed to authenticate consistency

On Oct. 1rst 2004, 802.16d fixed access standard was issued.

At the end of 2005, 802.16e standard was issued.

802.16f and 802.16g are in process .

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX Protocol Introduction

802.16e mobile broadband wireless access

WiMAX forum is a not-for-profit corporation established by advanced

There is a mark WiMAX CERTIFICATED is marked on every product that is

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX Forum Architecture

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX Healthy Eco-System

WiMAX Forum Member

Workgroup and Forum

IEEE 802.16 Workgroup is constitutor of WiMAX air interface

WiMAX forum is a promoter of technology and industry chain.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Till 2Mbps (HSDPA

400 700 800 900

900 1800 2100

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX and WiFi Comparison

WiMAX 802.16e covers 1~3 kilometers , and mainly works under

Interoperability and consistency of WiMAX promote any corporation

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Outstanding application and service

Advanced technique performance

High spectrum efficiency

Interconnection with Next Generation Network (NGN)

Strong capacity of service Access

Convenient updating and maintenance

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX Conception and Development

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

WiMAX Usage Scenario

Enterprise access ; family

Family indoor access and

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Individual CPE PCMCIA, Individual CPE PCMCIA Personal

Internet bar telephone bar

Real-time video watching

Narrow band service and BS interconnection

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Services WiMAX Supported

Interactive games among multiple person