Electromagnetic

Radiation (EMR)
GROUP 5TH
1. SALMI SEPRIANTI (1310411054)
2. RIZQA KHAIRATI (1210412012)
3. LUTFI

Defenition of EMR
Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) is a form of energy that is
produced by oscillating electric and magnetic disturbance, or by
the movement of electrically charged particles traveling through
a vacuum or matter.
Electromagnetic radiation is a combination of electric and
magnetic fields oscillate and propagate through space and
carrying energy from one place to another . Visible light is a
form of electromagnetic radiation.

... EMR
The electric and magnetic fields come at right angles to each
other and combined wave moves perpendicular to both magnetic
and electric oscillating fields thus the disturbance.
Electron radiation is released as photons, which are bundles of
light energy that travel at the speed of light as quantized
harmonic waves. This energy is then grouped into categories
based on its wavelength into the electromagnetic spectrum.
Theseelectric and magnetic waves travel perpendicular to each
other and have certain characteristics, including amplitude,
wavelength, and frequency

Properties of EMR
Electromagnetic radiation has two properties : as waves and
matter (particles)
As WAVES
1. frequency ( )
2. Power Radiation
3. Difraction
4. Wavelength ()
5. Wavenumber ( )

Properties of EMR
As PARTICLES
1. Radiation Energy
Energy electromagnetic radiation emitted in the form of quanta ( or
photons ) , the energy of the photon will only depend on the frequency.
E=h
2.

Particle properties of electromagnetic radiation is indicated

by the photoelectric effect

E = h = h c /

Information :
E = photon energy (Joule)
v = Frequenct of EMR
h = constant of Planck = 6,626 x 1034 J.s
c = velocity of light = 3 x 108 m/s
= wavelength

The Photoelectric Effect

Release of electrons at the metal surface due to the
photon energy that falls on the metal surface in a
vacuum

The Electromagnetic
Spectrum

In general, as a waves wavelength increases, the frequency decreases, and as waves

wavelength decreases, the frequency increases. When electromagnetic energy is released as
the energy level increases, the wavelength decreases and frequency decreases. Thus,
electromagnetic radiation is then grouped into categories based on its wavelength or frequency
into the electromagnetic spectrum. The different types of electromagnetic radiation shown in
the electromagnetic spectrum consists of radio waves, microwaves, infrared waves, visible light,
ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays. The part of the electromagnetic spectrum that we
are able to see is the visible light spectrum.

Theelectromagnetic spectrumis the distribution of electromagnetic radiation according

to energy (or equivalently, by virtue of the relations in the previous section, according
to frequency or wavelength).
The following table gives approximate wavelengths, frequencies, and energies for
selected regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Interaction of Radiation and

Matter
When an electromagnetic radiation is passed through the material , the electrical
components will interact with atoms and molecules in the material.

Kinds of interactions that occur very dependent on the kind of

material :
Radiation transmission
Radiation absorption
In atomic absorption / molecule will undergo excitation to
higher
energy levels.
Scattering radiation / scattering process
Occurs because of the collision between the electromagnetic
radiation in a medium with large particles.

Interaction of Radiation and

Matter
Wave Phenomena
Refraction Methode
Reflection Methode
Energy Phenomena
Absorption Methode
Emition Methode

Types of Interaction between

Radiation and Matter

Reflection & scattering

Refraction & dispersion

Absorption & transition
Luminescence & emission

Measurement of
Transmittance and
Absorbance

Transmittance

When a beam of radiation with intensity ( Io ) is passed through a solution in a transparent

container , the most radiation will be absorbed , so that the intensity of the transmitted
radiation ( It ) becomes smaller than ( Io )

Transmittance with symbol T of the solution is a fraction of the radiation

transmitted or transmitted by a solution , namely :

Measurement of
Transmittance and
Absorbance

Absorbance

Absorbance has a symbol of A solution is the logarithm of 1 / T or

logarithmic Io / It .
1
A log
T
log

I0
It

- log (T)
when A = 0 that the radiation passed 100 %
when A = 1 the radiation passed 10 %

Quantitative relationship
Radiation with Matter
Absorptivitas dan Absortivitas Molar
Absorbance is directly proportional to the thick solution ( b ) and
concentration ( C ) , namely :

Information :
A = absorbansi
a = proporsional constants or absorptivitas = L g -1
cm-1
b = ketebalan (cm)
C = konsentrasi larutan = g L-1

If the concentration of C is expressed in moles / liter ( Molar ) and

Thickness in cm , then Absortivitas called Molar Absorptivity () ,
so that :
Note :
= L mol-1cm-1

A=bC

Beer's law states that :

the absorbance is directly proportional to the thickness and
concentration .

Quantitative relationship
Radiation with Matter
LAMBERT-BEERS LAW
Relation of absorbance (A) and concentration (C) will make a straight line
through (0,0).

References
Anonymous. Electromagnetic Radiation. (
http://chemwiki.ucdavis.edu/Physical_Chemistry/Spectroscopy/Fundamentals/E
lectromagnetic_Radiation
) accessed at 15th January 2015