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2G RF Network
Optimization Cases
Lampiran 5
Outline
Problems
Sysmtoms
Coverage Analysis
Drop Call Analysis
Call Setup Analysis
Handover Analysis
Speech Quality Analysis
Interference Reduction
Parameter Optim
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pr o
im
to
w k?
Ho twor
ne
Status of the
Network
Decide further
Analysis Program
Alternatives
Analyzing
Programs
Coverage
Dropped Calls
t
ve
Network
Snapshot
he
Quick
Check
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General Check
Problem Symptoms
No service
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2G RF Optimization
Coverage Analysis
Page - 6
Analysis
Shadowed Antenna
Output Power
Faulty Hardware
Visit site
Parameters
Visit site
Height/down Tilt
Missing Neighbor
Site Location
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Page - 7
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Page - 8
Page - 9
Analysis
Shadowed Antenna
Output Power
Faulty Hardware
Visit site
Parameters
Visit site
Height/down Tilt
Missing Neighbor
Site Location
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Page - 10
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Page - 11
2G RF Optimization
drive tests
to measure
OMC measurements
Reasons
lack of coverage
interference problems
handover problems
lack of synchronisation in network
problems with other parts of the network
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Overview cont.
TCH Drop
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Reasons :
Isolated site
Antenna/Feeders too much downtilt, incorrect
orientation, hidden antenna, faulty antenna/feeders
Output power incorrect power settings
BSC Exchange property improper LOWSSUL/DL
settings
Unforseen subscriber behaviour use MS in lifts, car park
Missing NREL
Obstacles building, hills, tunnel etc.
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Low SS troubleshooting
ii.
iii.
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Reasons :
Frequency plan adjacent and co-channel interference
No dominant server low SS
Missing NREL MS is not able to connect to strongest
server
Hardware problems antennas, feeders, connectors
Environment near open water
External other networks, microwave links, illegal
transmitters
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Perform drivetest
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RLINKT
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Check
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2G RF Optimization
MAXRETR
Slotted
MS
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RACH
BTS
E.g: MAXRETR = 2
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Congestion on SDCCH
High Congestion on TCH
Transmission Fault
Faulty TRU/Hardware
Central Processor Overload
Software File Congestion
Cell is not defined in MSC.
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Page - 27
Interference analysis.
High Congestion on SDCCH:
Define
more SDCCHs.
Activate adaptive configuration of logical channel
feature and immediate assignment to TCH.
High
Congestion on TCH:
Add
Page - 28
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Page - 29
2G RF Optimization
Handover Analysis
SIEMENS AG
MON MAR15 15:18:41
SCALE 1:2500
EqualPowerBoundary
Mutual Neighbour
Non-Mutual Neighbour
Missing Neighbour
Too many Neighbours
Missing Neighbour
definition
Handover Failure
Dropped Call
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Handover Parameters
Objectives:
Consequence
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f1
f1
Cell dragging
Congestion
Cell dragging
Poor RxQual
Poor RxLev
Interference
Exceeded distance
Poor PBGT
Dropped Calls
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Problem:
Sites with too
large coverage
area
Dropped Calls
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Handover Parameters
Fine-tuning
of handover parameters
Measurement averaging
Power control parameters
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Neighbours
should in general
be mutual
35
Handover Criteria
Handover
Rx_Qual
L_Rx_Lev_XX_IH
7
Intercell HO
due to quality
Intracell HO
due to Quality
L_Rx_Qual_XX_H
Intercell HO
due to level
0
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L_Rx_Lev_XX_H
No handover
action due to
quality or level
63
Rx_Lev
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Handover Decision
Handover
HandoverTypes
Types
Intercell
IntercellHO
HO
due
dueto
toQuality
Quality
Decision
DecisionCriteria
Criteria
1.
1.RXQUAL_XX
RXQUAL_XX>>L_RXQUAL_XX_H
L_RXQUAL_XX_H
2.
2.RXLEV_XX
RXLEV_XX<<L_RXLEV_XX_IH
L_RXLEV_XX_IH
3.
3.XX_TXPWR
XX_TXPWR==Min
Min(XX_TXPWR_Max,P)
(XX_TXPWR_Max,P)
HO
1.
HOdue
dueto
toLevel
Level
1.RXLEV_XX
RXLEV_XX>>L_RXLEV_XX_H
L_RXLEV_XX_H
2.
2.XX_TXPWR
XX_TXPWR==Min(XX_TXPWR_Max,P)
Min(XX_TXPWR_Max,P)
HO
HOdue
dueto
toDistance
Distance 1.
1.MS_BS_DIST
MS_BS_DIST>>MS_Range_Max
MS_Range_Max
HO
1.
HOdue
dueto
to
1.RXLEV_NCELL(n)
RXLEV_NCELL(n)>>RXLEV_MIN(n)
RXLEV_MIN(n)
Power
++Max
PowerBudget
Budget
Max(0,MS_TXPWR_MAX(n)-P)
(0,MS_TXPWR_MAX(n)-P)
2.
2.PBGT(n)
PBGT(n)>>HO_MARGIN(n)
HO_MARGIN(n)
Intracell
1.
IntracellHO
HO
1.RXQUAL_XX
RXQUAL_XX>>L_RXQUAL_XX_H
L_RXQUAL_XX_H
due
2.
dueto
toQuality
Quality
2.RXLEV_XX
RXLEV_XX>>L_RXLEV_XX_IH
L_RXLEV_XX_IH
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Intracell Handover
Check
L_Rx_Lev_XX_IH
Rx_Qual
L_Rx_Lev_XX_IH
Intracell HO
due to Quality
L_Rx_Qual_XX_H
L_Rx_Lev_XX_H
Rx_Lev
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Level Handovers
Adjacent
Server
HOMARGIN
HO_Threshold_Lev
neighbour
MinHOReqInt
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Driven route
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Handover Case
INPUT
Large area DT
Post-Processing
Specific area DT
Analysis
Look for:
Page - 40
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Page - 41
- Possible Reason 1
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Page - 42
BSC
CELL A
BSC
BSC 2
CELL B
No B -> A OFFSET
Page - 43
dominant server
Locating penalty settings
Other Possible Reasons
Too small hysterisis setting
No dominant Server
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Page - 44
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Page - 45
Hysterisis
CELL A
CELL B
Handover
From A to B
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Page - 46
Handover Case
Handover Reversion
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Handover Reversion
Common Reason
Duplicates of BSIC BCCH combinations in neighboring list
BSC
Handover command?
610_12
606_33
610_31
610_31
Serving cell
Neighbor cell 2
Neighbor cell 1
608_32
608_32
Road
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Page - 48
Handover Reversion
Other Reasons
Uplink interference in target cell
Downlink interference at MS
Solutions
Interference Investigation
Statistics
Scanning
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Page - 49
Handover Case
Repeated Intra-cell Handover
Possible Reasons
Wrong intra-cell handover settings
External Uplink Interference
Possible Solutions
Consider to change parameters:
SSOFFSETUL, SSOFFSETDL
QOFFSETUL, QOFFSETDL
A wrong setting of parameters will cause unnecessary IHO
Turn off Intra-cell Handover?
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Page - 50
Handover Case
Unrealistic Handover
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Page - 51
Unrealistic Handover
Reason & Solution
Possible Reasons
Wrong locating settings, in Serving or Target cell
Note: Could be on purpose e.g. Dual Band network with HCS
Solution
Fix locating settings e.g. MSRXSUFF, BSRXSUFF
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Page - 52
2G RF Optimization
Parameters
RxQual
Frame Erasure Rate (FER)
Speech Quality Index (SQI)
Causes of interference
Measurements
Drive test
co-channel interference
adjacent channel interference
intermodulation
multipath interference
OMC statistics
Interfering cell of
base station
within GSM network
Base station
within GSM
Network
requirement
speech: RxQual 4
data: RxQual 3
BER %
0.0 - 0.2
0.2 - 0.4
0.4 - 0.8
0.8 - 1.6
1.6 - 3.2
3.2 - 6.4
6.4 - 12.8
> 12.8
RxQual
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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Frequency Changes
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Frequency Changes
BCCH/TCH
swapping
BCCH: 794
TCH:797
BCCH: 794
before
BCCH: 797
TCH:794
BCCH: 794
after
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BSIC Optimisation
Base
f9
f9
f9
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Purpose
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Power Control
RXQUAL
Power Increase
(bad quality)
L_RXQUAL_XX_P
Power Decrease
(Good Level)
Power Increase
(bad level)
L_RXQUAL_XX_P
Power Decrease
(good quality)
L_RXLEV_XX_P
U_RXLEV_XX_P
RXLEV
2*POW_RED_STEP_SIZE
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Interference Case
TEMS
Logfiles
INPUT
Large area DT
Post-Processing
Specific area DT
Analysis
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Page - 61
Types of Interference
Co - Channel interference
Adjacent Interference
CASE 1
BCCH 600
BCCH 595
CASE 2
High
site
BCCH 590
BCCH 590
BCCH 590
BCCH 590
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Page - 62
Interference Case
Possible Reasons
Poor frequency plan
No dominant cell --> low C/I ---> increased Rxqual
Frequency Hopping is off
External interference e.g. jammer
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Page - 63
Interference Case
Possible solutions
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Page - 64
2G RF Optimization
parameter sets:
Danger
inconsistencies
deterioration of quality
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