COMPOUNDING

The English language has a special process by

which new words can be formed from already
existing ones. Single word can be joined
together to form a new compound word whose
meaning is given by the sum of the two
meanings of the matrix words. In English there
are some special types of compound words. We
will now examine compounds formed by only
two words, the latter of which is usually the one
that establishes the grammatical category.

 1. NOUN + NOUN
TROUBLEMAKER = someone who makes
trouble
WORKPLACE = place where people work
2. ADJECTIVE + NOUN
BLACKBOARD = board with a black surface

 VERB + NOUN
SWEARWORD = offensive word
PICKPOCKET = a person who steals money
from other peoples pockets
PREPOSITIONS + NOUN
OVERDOSE = too much of a drug taken at
one time

 ADJECTIVE + ADJECTIVE
ICYCOLD = very cold
NOUN + ADJECTIVE
SKINTIGHT = fitting very closely to the body
PREPOSITION + VERB
UPROOT = to pull a plant out of the ground,
or to leave a place where you have lived
for a long time.

Read the following text and identify

in it all the examples of derivational
morphology and compound words

TUMULT IN TOYLAND
Cyberplaythings disquiet toymakers and distress
parents. In the toymarket, manufacturers
constantly replace wooden toys with interactive,
robotic playthings. Children want for themselves
toys that do not just sit there, says Mr. James,
founder of the James Market Research, which
specializes in trends for young children. Echoes
S. Gillis, spokesperson for the London
department store Harrods: We have definitely
entered the interactive world.

 In a few years, what is defined by us a

traditional toy can be a product with
artificial intelligence. Companies address
themselves to a kind of child who
develops his/her sophisticated taste at a
very early age. Market researchers refer to
this childhood condition as K. G. O. Y. Kids
Getting Older Younger. In the past, young
people were considered children until they

 Reached the age of 15; now they stop

being children for the toy industry when
they are about ten. This forces ourselves,
as toymakers, to compete with music
producers, sporting goods manufacturers,
and even mobile-phone and
telecommunication suppliers. Says Mr.
Nipper, a vice-president at Lego.

 Even Lego itself, the worlds best-known

brickmaker, has produced its robots and
digital-transformer toys since 1998,
including infrared transmitters and
microcomputers (that allow children to
build and rebuild and program and
reprogram their own robots by themselves)
and a videocamera attachment through
which the robots can reach to what they
see.