Transformations

Learning Outcomes

I can translate, reflect, rotate and enlarge a shape

I can enlarge by fractional and negative scale factors

I can interpret diagrams where transformations have occurred

I can find the centre and scale factor of a given enlargement

Reflection

Transformations

The object and its image are always the same perpendicular distance from the mirror line.
y axis
6

-10

-5

0
-2

-4
-6

C
5

10

x axis

Reflection

Transformations

Reflect triangle ABC in the line y = x.

y=x
6
4

-10

-5

0
-2

-4
-6

10

Reflection

Transformations

Reflect triangle ABC in the line y = -x.

y = -x
6

-10

-5

0
-2

-4
-6

C
5

10

Transformations

Reflection
Summary of Reflections

Object points

A(1,1) B(1, 3)
C(2,2) D(1, 2)

A(1,1) B(1, 3)
C(2,2) D(1, 2)

A(1,1) B(1, 3)
C(2,2) D(1, 2)

A(1,1) B(1, 3)
C(2,2) D(1, 2)

Reflection

Image Points

x axis

A(1,-1) B(1, -3)

C(2,-2) D(1, -2)
(x, y) (x, -y)

y axis

A(-1,1) B(-1, 3)
C(-2,2) D(1-, 2)
(x, y) (-x, y)

y=x

A(1,1) B(3, 1)
C(2,2) D(2, 1)
(x, y) (y, x)

y = -x

A(-1,-1) B(-3, -1)

C(-2,-2) D(-2, -1)
(x, y) (-y, -x)

Rotations

Transformations

Rotation of 90 clockwise about (0, 0)

6
4

-10

-5

0
-2

-4
-6

C
5

10

Rotations

Transformations

Summary of Rotations

90 Clockwise
at (0,0)

180 (either direction)

at (0,0)

90 Anti-Clockwise
at (0,0)

Object

Image

Object

Image

Object

Image

A (1, 1)

A' (1, -1)

A (1, 1)

A' (-1,
-1)

A (1, 1)

A' (-1, 1)

B (1, 3)

B' (3, -1)

B (1, 3)

B' (-1,
-3)

B (1, 3)

B' (-3, 1)

C (2, 2)

C' (2, -2)

C (2, 2)

C (2, 2)

C' (-2, 2)

D (1, 2)

D' (2, -1)

C' (-2,
-2)

D (1, 2)

D' (-2, 1)

D (1, 2)

D' (-1,
-2)

(x, y) (y, -x)

(x, y) (-x, -y)

(x, y) (-y, x)

Translations

Transformations

When a shape is translated its orientation does no change it looks the same but
is in a different position. A translation is written as a column vector xy with x

denoting the number of units the shape is moved along the x axis and y denoting
the number of units the shape is moved along the y axis.
+ve

- ve

A translation 52 moves
a shape 5 units to the
right and 2 units up.

4
2
0

B
5

10

Translations

Transformations

1. Translate ABCE

2

4

2. Translate A1B1C1D1

-10

-5

label the new shape A1B1C1D1

6

label the new shape A2B2C2D2

A1

B1

A2

B24

C1

D1

C2

D2

0
-2
-4
-6

A
C

B
D

10

Enlargements

Transformations

An enlargement has 2 properties

1) Centre
2) Scale Factor
When a shape is enlarged the image point is found by using the
centre and scale factor of the enlargement
With following table shows and enlargement with
centre (0, 0) and scale factor 3
Point

Centre
Point

Scale
Factor

Image

2

2

2

2

6

6

A1(6, 6)

6

2

6

2

18

6

B1(18, 6)

6

4

6

4

18

12

C1(18, 12)

Enlarging a Shape when centre

of Enlargement is not origin

Transformations

Enlarge shape ABCD

by scale factor 3
centred at (-1, 2)

6
4

-10

-5

D
5

-2

Point
3

A
3
1

B
3
1

Centre Point

Image Point

10

Enlarging a Shape when centre

of Enlargement is not origin

Transformations

-5

-10

10

-2
-4
-6

Point

3
1

3
1

1
3

Centre Point

Enlarge shape ABCD

by scale factor -2
centred at (0, 0)

Image Point

Additional Notes

Transformations
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of the topic I will be able to

I can translate, reflect, rotate and enlarge a shape

I can enlarge by fractional and negative scale factors

Can
Do

Revise
Further

I can interpret diagrams where transformations have

occurred

I can find the centre and scale factor of a given enlargement