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Finite Element Programming
Jayadeep U. B.
M.E.D., NIT Calicut1
Lecture - 01
Element numbers
Node numbers
Assembly Procedure
All the elemental matrices need not be formed before
assembly, rather the individual element matrix could be added
to the global matrix directly after it is formed. Hence, the
space required for elemental system could just be that
required for one system.
In some cases, even an elemental matrix need not be created
completely individual values could be added to global
system directly.
If there are identical elements, measures could be taken to
avoid the duplication of elemental calculations.
If the d.o.f. per node is known, the element connectivity
matrix can be used for assembling the global system, by
calculating the position, where each value from element
system need to be assembled.
Lecture - 01
l=6
2
i=2
Lecture - 01
j=3
k112
2
21
k122 L
2
22
k
L
k
M M O
2
k
81
k822 L
k182
2
k28
L
2
k88
12
2
2
M
8 2
f12
2
f
2
M
f82
Lecture - 01
gbl _ m i +1 m * con_ mk
i i +1 %m
j +1 m * con_ mk
+= el e_ mi
j j +1 %m
j ;
}
where: m= d.o.f/node, n = nodes / element, gbl _ f : Global force vector,
gbl _ m: Global stiffness matrix, el e_ f : Elemental force vector,
el e_ m: Elemental stiffness matrix & con_ m: Connectivity Matrix
Solvers
A finite element solver performs the simple task of solving
the matrix equation (one or more times) or finding the Eigen
values and Eigen vectors.
What makes it such an important task is the size of matrices
generally occurring in FEA solving for 1 million unknowns
is not at all rare in todays world of FEM!!!
Therefore, it becomes extremely important to use the special
features like symmetry, bandedness etc., during solution
(Refer to Special Features of Finite Element Stiffness
Matrices in Additional Resources folder).
In other words, any method, which can reduce the number of
computations or computational resource requirements,
becomes the preferred method for solution.
Nowadays, iterative methods like Conjugate Gradient
Methods are considered to be the best for solving huge
matrices.
Lecture - 01
10