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Why do it?
Basic Principle
Data available for performing material
balance
Derivation of the material balance
equation
Basic Principle
Expanding
Gas Cap
Bubble
point
Undersaturated
oil
p1
>
p2
p3
>
p4
Oil
Expanded of oil +
dissolved gas
+
dissolved
gas
Pinit
>
Liquid shrinking
due to liberation
of dissolved gas
>
Reduction in PV due to
increased grain packing
and connate water
expansion
Expansion of oil+originally
dissolved gas (B) (rb)
+ Expansion of gascap gas(A)(rb)
+ Reduction in PV due to
expansion of connate water
and tighter grain packing(C)(rb)
Gas cap
Oil +
dissolved
gas
Pinit >
CB
P
Another interpretation:
compressibility ce
1 dV
V dP
or dV ceVdP
PVT properties
Bo
=
Oil FVF (bbl/STB)
Bg
=
Gas FVF (cu.ft/SCF)
Bw
=
Water FVF(bbl/STB)
Cw
=
Compressibility of water (psi-1)
Rso
=
Solution Gas-Oil Ratio
Reservoir properties
Cf
=
Rock Compressibility
Swi
=
Connate water saturation
Other parameters
N
V (1 Swc ) / Boi
(stb)
=
=
=
=
N
N Boi
N Bo
N(Bo-Boi)
=
=
=
=
NRsi
(scf)
NRs
(scf)
N(Rsi-Rs)
(scf)
N(Rsi-Rs)Bg (rb)
(stb)
(rb)
(rb)
(rb)
Withdrawl:
Amount of oil produced
= Np
Oil produced at reservoir conditions
= NpBo (rb)
Volume of gas produced
= NpRp
Let us look at this quantity of gas at the reduced pressure p
Volume of gas dissolved in Np vol. of oil at p = NpRs
(scf)
Remainder gas is the subsurface gas withdrawl in the form of
expanding liberated gas and expanding free gas
Subsurface withdrawl of gas
= Np(Rp
Subsurface withdrawl of gas in reservoir bbls = Np(Rp-Rs)Bg (rb)
(rb)
Np ( Bo Boi ) ( Rsi Rs ) Bg
N
Bo ( Rp Rs ) Bg
(stb)
Alternatively denoting the withdrawl term as F and the
expansion term [(Bo-Boi) + (Rsi-Rs)Bg] = Eo, the material
balance becomes:
Remarks (contd)
For a undersaturated reservoir, all the produced gas Rp can
be dissolved in the oil at reservoir conditions I.e. Rp=Rs=Rsi
The recovery in such a reservoir is simply:
Recovery :
Np ( Bo Boi )
N
Bo