Workshop

on

ESI Solutions in Computational Electromagnetics

(CEM)
12 -08-2014 to 13-08-2014
Venue: Department of Electronics
and
Communication Engineering
Vasavi College of Engineering(A)

A.Srilakshmi
Assoc. Professor, ECE Dept
Vasavi College of Engineering

The main aim was to attend this

workshop is to understand the concepts
of

computational

related
antenna.

to

design

Electromagnetics
and

simulation

of

Contents

Introduction
Applications
Over view of CEM
Numerical Solvers
CEM Solver Techniques
Graphical User Interference
Conclusion

Introduction to CEM
Maxwells equations describe electromagnetic field
phenomena
CEM = Computational electromagnetic
CEM is the numerical solution of Maxwells equations
CEM has become an indispensable industrial tool
Applications include the design and analysis of:
Circuits; electrical systems; antennas
CEM tool

Computer modeling

Numerical analysis

CEM APPLICATIONS.
Antenna design- All kind of antennas including horn, reflector, wire
and microstrip antennas as well as broadband antennas and
antenna arrays.
Antenna integration- Radiation pattern of installed antennas on
large platforms such as aircraft or ships. Coupling between
installed antennas.
Microwave design- Typical applications includes design of filters,
connectors and couplers.
EMI/EMC interaction -Analysis of a wide range of EMC/EMI
problems including shielding and coupling.
Scattering & radar cross-section- RCS analysis of structures
such as aircraft, ships, air-intakes, exhausts, and antennas.

Applications

Wire antennas
Horn antennas
Planar microstrip
Large array
Reflector antennas
Broadband

A Variety of Industries
Electromagnetic Solutions for
Automotive
Aeronautics
Defense
Telecommunication

Industrial Sectors
Automotive & Ground transportation
EMC/EMI with internal cabling
Active Safety & RADAR devices
Windshield Antennas

Industrial Sectors contd.

AERONAUTICS & DEFENSE
Thunder Lightning & Stealth
EMC/EMI with internal cabling
Antenna integration

Automotive EMC

Numerical simulations

E /E re f (d B )

Experimental measurements

10

100
Frequency (MHz)

1000

Overview of CEM Numerical solvers

CEM Solutions 2013

Which method is to be used ?

FEKO
PO

MoM

HFSS

FEM
MTL

sdfs

FDTD

CST

Electrical size

MLFMM

Bandwidth
11

CEM solvers techniques

MDMM MultiDomain MultiMethod

Efield Frequency-Domain
Solver Technology

Hybrid solvers coupling full-wave and

approximate solvers for optimal efficiency
Parallel computing on clusters and multi-core
systems
Efield MoM: Parallel and out-of-core boundary
integral method
Efield MLFMM: Acceleration technique for fullwave analysis of large-scale problems
Efield MoM/MLFMM-PO Hybrid solver
Efield MDMM: Domain decomposition tool for
reduced simulation time
Efield MDMM/FEM: Detailed integrated antenna
modeling

13

Efield MLFMM
Solver features
Efield MLFMM - Parallell and out-of-core multilevel fast
multipole solver
MRI - Interpolation for frequency-sweeps and multiple RHS
Improved integral equation for PEC-dielectric problems
combining PMCHWT and Muller formulations
Hybrid CFIE-EFIE formulation for efficient inclusion of complex
antenna geometries on large platforms
Wide range of sources: plane waves, edge excitation,
RLC circuits, port/waveguide mode

Pure MFIE
PMCHWT
New formulation

MLFMM solution time per frequency point w

and w/o MRI

Edge coating

RCS of UAV with RAM coatings - MLFMM convergence rate

w and w/o new dielectric formulation
14

Efield MDMM
Multi-domain Multi-method
Efield MDMM - Efficient handling of cavities such
as integrated antennas, air intakes and exhausts
The most efficient solver for each domain (MoM/FEM antenna MLFMM/PO platform)
Optimal efficiency of MLFMM by extracting resonant parts such as cavities and small
geometrical details which typically leads to slow convergence
In case of design changes only the modified domains needs to be re-computed
Reduced simulation time: The SWARM antenna problem solved 8x faster using the MDMM
technique
C4 L2: 1228MHz.Co and Cross all phi-cuts

Antenna gain [dBi]

-5

-10

-15
-100

-50

0
Polar angle [deg]

50

100

15

Typical electromagnetic (EM) scenarios in Aeronautics

Thunder lightning on full aircraft
EMC/EMI with internal cabling
Lightning strike on jet engines
More candidates with
High Intensity Radiated Fields (HIRF)
RADAR signature & Stealth
Antenna Placement & composite materials

16

Installed antenna simulation using

Efield MLFMM
Gain pattern at1030MHz
Antenna modeled by four monopoles
Efield MLFMM simulation
No. elements: 317 956 triangles
No. unknowns: 476 926 Unknowns

17

RADAR Cross Section

Technology initiated in the Defense sector
PAM-CEM/FD in the medium frequency range
PAM-CEM/HF

10 GHz RADAR response

of a jet aircraft

RCS of Predator UAV using Efield MLFMM

No. elements 872,970
Memory req: 10GB
Simulation time: 1.1hrs (Opteron 285, 4 cores)

Bistatic RCS 3 GHz

Surface currents for plane wave excitation with vertical polarization at 3 GHz

19

Efield MDMM RCS Analysis

Cavity RCS: Contribution of cavity
to total RCS (with exterior coupling
taken into account)
Perfectly matched RCS: RCS
with reflectionless cavity
Total RCS: Complete RCS
including cavity and exterior
contributions

Exterior problem

Interior problem

Interfaces

Improved convergence

20

E Field
CEM dedicated context featuring
Visual-Mesh : CAD data import & cleaning, meshing & tuning
(FE surface mesh, FD with refinement areas & non uniform grids)
Visual-CEM : full 3D modeling (parts, materials & BC), peripheral
boundary conditions (ABC/PML), external plane waves,
wired antennas & Cable Networks, T/F output (see below)
Visual-Viewer : 2D/3D output (THP, cut planes,
surface fields, induced currents, CVO, etc.),
time & frequency, 2D polar plots,
contour over time, etc.
Visual-Process Executive

Graphical User Interface(GUI)

CEM dedicated context featuring
Visual-Mesh : CAD data import & cleaning, meshing & tuning
(FE surface mesh, FD with refinement areas & non uniform
grids)
Visual-CEM : full 3D modeling (parts, materials & BC),
peripheral boundary conditions (ABC/PML), external plane
waves,
wired antennas & Cable Networks, T/F output (see below)
Visual-Viewer : 2D/3D output (THP, cut planes,
surface fields, induced currents, CVO, etc.),
time & frequency, 2D polar plots,
contour over time, etc.
Visual-Process Executive

Usefulness of the workshop

Enable to learn simulation software for Antenna Design.

To handle final year B.E and M.E projects

24