Finishing Chemicals

Stiffening Agents
This include thickeners like
Corn Starch,
Wheat Starch,
Potato Starch
Dextrin,
Gum
Gelatine
Poly Vinyl Acetate

Softners
These include
Glycerine
Glucose
Fatty Patterns
Tallow,
Coconut oil
Olive Oil
T.R.O (Turkey Red Oil )
Nonionic, cationic and anionic softeners.
Emulsion

Weighting Materials
This include
Calcuim Sulphate,
Gypsum
Magnesium Sulphate
Glaubers salt
Lead Sulphate, Barium Sulphate
Barium Chloride, Magnesium Chloride,
Zinc Chloride.
China Clay, Brown Clay.

Antiseptic
This include :
Boric acid
Phenol
PentaChloro Phenol
Oxalic acid
Salicylic acid
Zinc Chloride
Zinc Sulphate

Water-Proofing agents
This include
Natural Rubber
Oxidised oils or varnishes
Polyvinyl Chloroacetate,
Cellulose acetate

Water- Repellants
This include
Soaps like aluminium sterate ( made
from aluminium acetate and sodium
sterate ).
Paraffin wax or vegetable waxes,
Zirconium Soap
Ammonium Zirconyl carbonate.
Chlorinated paraffin waxes.

Flame Retardants
Also knows as Fire-Retardants
Water soluble compounds of phosphorus,
antimony and boron.
Phosphates and borates ( for temporary
flame retardancy )
Phosphorous containing methylol compounds
like tetrakis ( Hydroxy methyl ) phosphonium
chloride and oxide ( THPC and THPOH ),
Oligomeric Vinyl Phosphonate ( Permanent
flame retardants )

Crease-Resisting and Cross Linking

Agents
These include
Dimethylol urea ( DMU ) also called urea
formaldehyde precondensate ),
Polymethylol melamine.
Dimethylol propylene Urea ( DMPU ).
Dimethylol dihydroxy ethylene urea
( DMDHEU ),
Methylol alkyl carbamate

Soil Release agents

These include
Acrylic
Copolymers ( 70% methaacrylic and 30%
ethyl acrylate )
Flurochemicals based chemicals
( polyacrylates )
Tetrakis ( hydroxymethyl ) phosphonium
chloride
1,1- di hydroperfluorooctylamine ( POA )

Antistatic agents
These include
Polyethylene glycol mono or diesters
Oleic
Salts of higher molecular weights
Fatty amide-Fatty alcohol-ethylene oxide
Dialkyl dimethyl ammonium chloride ,
Steramide of a higher polyethyleneimine,
Polyethylene glycol

Wool Shrink- Resisting

agents
This include
Carbamoyl Sulphate groups.
Dichloroisocyanuric acid ( DCCA )
and its sodium or potassium salts.

Flurochemical Repellents
For imparting both oil-and water
repellency to textile fluoropolymers
such as Vinyl poymers of acrylic or
methacrylic type, copolymers of vinyl
esters, vinyl ethers, allyl ethers and
thiomethacrylates are used

Antipilling Agents
Formation of polymer films such as
polyvinyl propionate, polyacrylates
and resin finishing reduces pilling.

Calendering
Calendering is an operation carried out on a fabric to
improve its aesthetics . The purpose of
Calendering : To upgrade the fabric hand and to impart a
smooth, silky touch to the fabric.
To compress the fabric and reduce its thickness
To improve the opacity of the fabric
To reduce air permeability.
To impart different degree of lustre to the fabric
and
To reduce the yarn slippage.

Calendering
Calendering effect produced depends on the
Moisture content of the fabric,
The number of bowls of the calender used,
Composition of bowls ( Steel-Cotton,
cotton-cotton, steel paper , cotton plastic ),
Bowl arrangement
Temperature
Pressure and speed