1.1 Define isotopes.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different

number of electrons
Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of electrons
Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of neutrons
Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different
number of protons

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1.1 Define isotopes.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different

number of electrons
Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of electrons
Atoms with the same number of protons, but a different
number of neutrons
Atoms with the same number of neutrons, but a different
number of protons

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1.2 Describe the structure of an atom.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Neutrons and protons are in the nucleus; electrons

are in orbitals.
Neutrons and electrons are in the nucleus; protons
are in orbitals.
Electrons and protons are in the nucleus; neutrons
are in orbitals.
Electrons are in the nucleus; neutrons and protons
are in orbitals.

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1.2 Describe the structure of an atom.

a)
b)
c)
d)

Neutrons and protons are in the nucleus; electrons

are in orbitals.
Neutrons and electrons are in the nucleus; protons
are in orbitals.
Electrons and protons are in the nucleus; neutrons
are in orbitals.
Electrons are in the nucleus; neutrons and protons
are in orbitals.

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1.3 What is the electronic configuration for Al?

a)
b)
c)
d)

1s22s22p6
1s22s22p63s1
1s22s22p63s2
1s22s22p63s23p1

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1.3 What is the electronic configuration for Al?

a)
b)
c)
d)

1s22s22p6
1s22s22p63s1
1s22s22p63s2
1s22s22p63s23p1

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1.4 What is the electronic

configuration for Ca2+?
a)
b)
c)
d)

1s22s22p63s2
1s22s22p63s23p6
1s22s22p63s23p64s2
1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2

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1.4 What is the electronic

configuration for Ca2+?
a)
b)
c)
d)

1s22s22p63s2
1s22s22p63s23p6
1s22s22p63s23p64s2
1s22s22p63s23p64s24p2

Explanation:
Calcium has an electronic configuration of 1s22s22p63s23p64s2. The
2+ means the loss of the last two electrons.

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1.5 Identify the compound with ionic bonding.

a)

CH4

b)
c)

NaBr
CH3Cl

d)

CH3OH

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1.5 Identify the compound with ionic bonding.

a)

CH4

b)
c)

NaBr
CH3Cl

d)

CH3OH

Explanation:
Ionic bonds are formed between metals and nonmetals.

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1.6 How many bonding pairs of electrons

are in NH2OH?

a)
b)
c)
d)

One pair of electrons

Two pairs of electrons
Three pairs of electrons
Four pairs of electrons

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1.6 How many bonding pairs of electrons

are in NH2OH?

a)
b)
c)
d)

One pair of electrons

Two pairs of electrons
Three pairs of electrons
Four pairs of electrons

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1.7 How many nonbonding pairs of

electrons are in NH2OH?

a)
b)
c)
d)

One pair of electrons

Two pairs of electrons
Three pairs of electrons
Four pairs of electrons

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1.7 How many nonbonding pairs of

electrons are in NH2OH?

a)
b)
c)
d)

One pair of electrons

Two pairs of electrons
Three pairs of electrons
Four pairs of electrons

Explanation:
NH2OH has one nonbonding pair on nitrogen and two nonbonding
pairs on oxygen.

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1.8 How many bonds (pairs of electrons)

are in CH2=CH2?
a) Two bonds
b) Three bonds
c) Four bonds

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d) Five bonds
e) Six bonds

1.8 How many bonds (pairs of electrons)

are in CH2=CH2?
a)
b)
c)

Two bonds
Three bonds
Four bonds

d)
e)

Five bonds
Six bonds

Explanation:
CH2CH2 has two carboncarbon bonds and four single
carbonhydrogen bonds.
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1.9 How does electronegativity change

on the periodic table?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Increase from left to right; increase from top to bottom

Increase from left to right; increase from bottom to top
Increase from right to left; increase from top to bottom
Increase from right to left; increase from bottom to top

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1.9 How does electronegativity change

on the periodic table?
a)
b)
c)
d)

Increase from left to right; increase from top to bottom

Increase from left to right; increase from bottom to top
Increase from right to left; increase from top to bottom
Increase from right to left; increase from bottom to top

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1.10 List the following atoms in order

of decreasing electronegativity.
a)
b)
c)
d)

C > Br > O > F

F > O > C > Br
F > O > Br > C
F > C > O > Br

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1.10 List the following atoms in order

of decreasing electronegativity.
a)
b)
c)
d)

C > Br > O > F

F > O > C > Br
F > O > Br > C
F > C > O > Br

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1.11 How many valence electrons

does carbon have?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Three valence electrons

Four valence electrons
Five valence electrons
Six valence electrons
Seven valence electrons

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1.11 How many valence electrons

does carbon have?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Three valence electrons

Four valence electrons
Five valence electrons
Six valence electrons
Seven valence electrons

Explanation:
Carbon has an electronic configuration of 1s22s22p2 and thus has
only four electrons in its outer shell.
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1.12 Identify the formal charge for C in CH3-.

a)
b)
c)
d)

-1
0
1
2

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1.12 Identify the formal charge for C in CH3-.

a)
b)
c)
d)

-1
0
1
2

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1.13 A compound has 85.72% carbon and

14.28% hydrogen. Give the empirical formula.
a)
b)

CH
CH2

c)

CH3

d)

CH4

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1.13 A compound has 85.72% carbon and

14.28% hydrogen. Give the empirical formula.
a)
b)

CH
CH2

c)

CH3

d)

CH4

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1.14 A compound has an EF of C2H5O and a

MW of 90.121 g/mole. What is the MF?
a) C3H10O2

d) C5H8O

b) C4H8O

e) C6H10O2

c) C4H10O2

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1.14 A compound has an EF of C2H5O and a

MW of 90.121 g/mole. What is the MF?
a)

C3H10O2

b)

C4H8O

c)

C4H10O2

d)
e)

C5H8O
C6H10O2

Explanation:
Empirical weight of C2H5O is 45.06 g/mole.
90.121 / 45.06 = 2
C2x2H5x2O = C4H10O2

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1.15 Identify the Arrhenius acid.

+
HNO3 + H2O H3O + NO3
a) HNO3

c) H3O+

b) H2O

d) NO3-

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1.15 Identify the Arrhenius acid.

HNO3 + H2O H3O+ + NO3a)

HNO3

c)

H 3O+

b)

H2O

d)

NO3-

Explanation:
HNO3 dissociates in water to give H3O+ Arrhenius acid.

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1.16 Identify the BrnstedLowry base.

+
HCl + CH3NH2 CH3NH3 + Cl
a) HCl
b) CH3NH2

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c) CH3NH3+
d) Cl-

1.16 Identify the BrnstedLowry base.

HCl + CH3NH2 CH3NH3+ + Cla)
b)

HCl
CH3NH2

c)

CH3NH3+

d)

Cl-

Explanation:
CH3NH2 is a species that can accept a proton (BrnstedLowry base).

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1.17 Identify the Lewis base.

-

CH3O + CH3Br CH3OCH3 + Br

a) CH3O-

c) CH3OCH3

b) CH3Br

d) Br-

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1.17 Identify the Lewis base.

CH3O- + CH3Br CH3OCH3 + Bra)

CH3O-

c)

CH3OCH3

b)

CH3Br

d)

Br-

Explanation:
CH3O- is a species with nonbonding electrons that can be donated
to form new bonds (Lewis base).

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1.18 Identify the strongest acid.

a) H2O

c) CH3COOH

b) CH3OH

d) HF

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1.18 Identify the strongest acid.

a)

H2O

c)

CH3COOH

b)

CH3OH

d)

HF

Explanation:
The acids decrease in strength in the order of
HF > CH3COOH > CH3OH > H2O.

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1.19 Identify the strongest base.

a) NH3

c) CH3-

b) HCOO-

d) OH-

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1.19 Identify the strongest base.

a)

NH3

c)

CH3-

b)

HCOO-

d)

OH-

Explanation:
The bases decrease in strength in the order of
CH3- > OH- > NH3 > HCOO-.

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1.20 Define a nucleophile.

a)
b)
c)
d)

A species that donates electrons

A species that accepts electrons
A species that accepts protons
A species that donates protons

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1.20 Define a nucleophile.

a)
b)
c)
d)

A species that donates electrons

A species that accepts electrons
A species that accepts protons
A species that donates protons

Explanation:
A nucleophile donates electrons, and an electrophile accepts electrons.

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