ISPS Code

INTRODUCTION
AND
AWARENESS
PRESENT BY
LT RMN (R) ISMAIL BIN YAHYA
KLIH, Kuala Lumpur

7th August 2008

Course Objective
To introduce ISPS Code
and to create an
awareness amongst the
participants on ISPS Code,
its requirements and their
responsibility under the
code.

Course Content
1. INTRODUCTION
2. ISPS CODE OBJECTIVES
3. MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT
4. ISPS CODE IMPLEMENTATION
5. SECURITY LEVELS
6. THE SECURITY PLAN
7. DECLARATION OF SECURITY (DoS)
8. DRILLS & EXERCISES
9. THE IMPLICATION

INTRODUCTION

Introduction
What is
ISPS?
International
Ship and Port Facility
Security Code

CODE OBJECTIVE

Code Objective
To establish an international framework involving cooperation between Contracting Governments, Government
agencies, local administrations and the shipping and port
industries to detect security threats and take preventive
measures against security incidents affecting ships or port
facilities used in international trade;
To establish the respective roles and responsibilities of
Contracting Governments, Government Agencies, local
administrations and the shipping and port industries, at
the national and international levels, for ensuring maritime
security;
CONTRACTING
GOVERNMENT

THE COMPANY

ISPS CODE

THE SHIP

PORT
FACILITY

Code Objective

To ensure the early and efficient collection and exchange of

security-related information;
To provide a methodology for security assessment so as to
have in place plans and procedures to react to changing
security levels; and
To ensure that confidence, adequate and proportionate
maritime security measures are in place.

MARITIME SECURITY
DEVELOPMENT

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

INTERNATIONAL
SHIP & PORT FACILITY
SECURITY CODE

Pre 9/11 Assessment :

Maritime security
threats such as cargo
theft, illegal drug
trafficking, stowaways,
piracy and terrorism
existed long before
9/11

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

INTERNATIONAL
SHIP & PORT FACILITY
SECURITY CODE

Pre 9/11 Assessment :

ship, cruise, ferry or

tourist vessel, seen as

possible target of attack
or hijack.
ship used for gun running

or to carry other
equipment and personnel.
ship used in trade to help

finance terrorist activities

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

1986 IMO adopted measures to
prevent unlawful acts which
threaten the safety of ships and the
security of their passengers and
crews.
1988 - IMO adopted the
"Convention for the Suppression of
Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of
Maritime Navigation (Rome
1988)", known as the SUA
Convention

5
8
9
1
= =

Hijacking of the Achille Lauro in

1985
First mention of security in any
IMO treaty, convention or resolution.

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

1996 IMO issued IMO Circular 754 entitled "Passenger

Ferry Security. It advised additional application of the
principles in 443 to international passenger ferry services.
1997 IMO Resolution A.872(20). It introduced guidelines for
the prevention and suppression of the smuggling of drugs,
psychotropic substances and precursor chemicals on ships
engaged in international maritime traffic.
1997 IMO Resolution A.871(20). It introduced guidelines on
the allocation of responsibilities to seek the successful resolution
of stowaway cases.

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

1997 Piracy and Armed Robbery

MSC (IMO) also developed
guidance on preventing piracy
and armed robbery against ships
(now MSC/Circ.623/Rev3)
and parallel guidance to
Contracting Governments (now
MSC/Circ.622/Rev1).

SEVERAL
TERRORIST ACT
AGAINST THE
MARITIME
INDUSTRIES

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

USS COLE

October 12,
2000
Bombed by
terrorists in the
Gulf of Aden
17 US crewmen
died, 38 others
injured

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

LIMBUR
G

French Super Tanker,

LIMBURG
06 Oct.2002

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

11 SEP 2001
INCIDENT LED TO
DEMANDS FOR
ENHANCED MARITIME
SECURITY

e
r
t
n 1
e
C 00
e
d r2
a
r
e
T
b
d
m
rl
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o
t
W Sep
11

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

ISPS TIMELINE
MSC Nov. 2001

Extraordinary session following Sep 11 disaster, IMO agree to

develop measures relating to security of ships and port facilities

ISWG Feb. 2002

1st meeting of the MSC Intercessional working group on maritime

security

MSC Mar. 2002

Ad hoc working group established to develop proposal by the

ISWG

ISWG Sep. 2002

Further development of proposals

MSC Sep. 2002

Final version of proposed texts considered and agreed

Diplomatic Conference
Dec. 2002

Adoption of amendments to SOLAS which includes AIS

acceleration, ships ID number, CSR and the ISPS Code.

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

MARINE DEPARTMENT DIRECTIVE

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

Dec 2002, ISPS introduced

July 2003, Malaysia
adopted ISPS
July 2004, Enforcement of
ISPS Code worldwide

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

Code Applies to
International Going
Passenger Ships
Cargo Ships of more then 500 GT
Mobile offshore Drilling Units
Port Facility Serving Such Ships on

International Journey

MARITIME SECURITY DEVELOPMENT

Primary intent of SOLAS Chapter XI-2
and the ISPS Code is to
detect and deter
acts of maritime security threats

ISPS CODE IMPLEMENTATION

ISPS Code Implementation

International
InternationalMaritime
Maritime
Organization
Organization(IMO)
(IMO)

FLOW OF
RESPONSIBILITY

Contracting
ContractingGovernment
Government
(Government
(GovernmentofofMalaysia)
Malaysia)
Designated
DesignatedAuthority
Authority
(Marine
Department)
(Marine Department)

Port
PortArea
AreaSecurity
SecurityOfficer
Officer

Port
PortFacility
FacilitySecurity
SecurityOfficer
Officer

ISPS Code Implementation

Security Personnel
They should know :
The current security threats and patterns;
How to recognise and detect weapons, dangerous weapon
and devices;
Techniques used to implement security measures;
Crowd control techniques;
Security-related communications;
How to operate, test, maintain and calibrate security
equipment and systems;
How to conduct inspection, control and monitoring; and
How to conduct physical searches of persons, personnel
effects, baggage, cargo and ships stores.

ISPS Code Implementation

Other Port Facility Personnel
They should know :
Meaning and the consequential requirement of
the different Security Level;
How to recognise and detect weapons,
dangerous weapon and devices;
How to recognise the character and behavioural
patterns of persons who are likely to threaten
the security;
Techniques used to implement security
measures;

Security Levels

Security Level

Security Levels
SOLAS Ch XI-2 REGULATION 1.14

Security level means the

qualification of the degree of
risk that a security incident
will be attempted or will occur

Security Level
A Port Facility is required to act upon
the Security Levels set by Contracting
Government within whose territory it is
located.
Security measures and procedures
shall be applied in such a manner as to
cause a minimum of interference with,
or delay to, the ship, ships personnel ,
ships visitors, good and services.
The Port Facility Security Plan (PFSP)
shall make provisions for three Security
Levels, as defined in the Part A of code.

Security Level
Ships and Port Facilities will have three (3)
security levels
Security
Level 3
(High)

Port
and
Ship
securit
y
Levels
1, 2 &
3

Security
Level 2
(Medium)
Security
Level 1
(Low)

A dynamic process
where the security level
(1-3) is set by the
Contracting Government

Additional
Security
measures

Security Level

Setting Security Level

Setting of the Security Level at
any particular time, is the
responsibility of Contracting
Government and can apply to
ships and port facility. Changes
of the Security Level will be
announced to the ships or port
facility through its specified
channels.

Security Level
Factors to be considered in setting the appropriate
security level include:-

The degree that the threat information is

credible
The degree that the threat information is
corroborated
The degree that the threat information is
specific or imminent.
The potential consequences of such a
security incident.

Security Level
Security Level One

The level for which minimum appropriate protective

security measures shall be maintained at all times

Security Level Two

The level for which appropriate additional protective
security measures shall be maintained for as long as
there is a heightened risk of a security incident

Security Level Three

The level for which further specific protective measures
shall be maintained for a period of time when a security
incident is probable or imminent, although it may not be
possible to identify a specific target

Security Level
SECURITY MEASURES
(in relation with the Security Level)

Security Level 1
Appropriate measures shall
be carried out in order to
identify and take preventive
measures against security
incident:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Security Level 2
Additional protective
measures shall be
implemented for each activity.

Security Level 3
Further specified protective
measures shall be
implemented for each
activities

Controlling access to the Port Facility;

Monitoring the security of the Port Facility including anchoring and berthing area;
Controlling the restricted areas to ensure that only authorized persons have access;
Supervising the handling of cargo;
Supervising the handling of ships stores; and
Supervising the handling of unaccompanied baggage.

THE PLAN
(PFSP)

Security Plan
MAJOR CHANGES
SECURITY ASSESSMENT

REVIEW, AUDIT

PORT FACILITY
SECURITY ASSESSMENT

IMPLEMENTATION
OF PFSP

RESULT

RELEVANT
NEED CHANGES

NO
STATEMENT OF
COMPLIANCE

APPROVAL BY
THE DA

PFSP AMENDMENT

YES
YES
PORT FACILITY
SECURITY PLAN

IMPLEMENTATION OF
PORT FACILITY SECURITY PLAN

NO

APPROVAL BY
THE DA

PFSP VERIFICATION
BY THE DA

PFSP
FLOW CHART

Security Plan
Port Facility Security Assessment

A Port Facility Security Assessment :

identifies vulnerabilities that may lead to a

security breach and may suggest options to
eliminate or mitigate those vulnerabilities;

is an essential and integral part of the process

of developing a Port Facility Security Plan, and

has to be submitted to, and approved by, the

Designated Authority of the Contracting
Government.

Security Plan
Port Facility Security Assessment

Port Facility Security Assessment includes :

the identification of assets and

infrastructures it is important to protect;

the identification of vulnerabilities, including

human factors, infrastructure, policies and
procedures;

Security Plan
Port Facility Security Assessment

Port Facility Security Assessment includes :

the identification of possible threats, their

likelihood of occurring and their consequences,
in order to determine and prioritize security
measures, and

the identification of security measures that

could reduce vulnerability.

Security Plan
Port Facility Security Plan

The Port Facility Security Plan is prepared on the

basis of the approved Port Facility Security
Assessment and should include security measures
and procedures for the 3 Security Levels.
The plan is designed to ensure the application of
measures to protect the port facility and ships,
persons, cargo, cargo transport units and ship's
stores within the port facility from the risks of a
security incident.

Security Plan
Port Facility Security Plan

Security measures should include :

Prevention of weapons, explosives etc being brought into the

port facility and on board ship;

Prevention of unauthorized access to the port facility, ships

or restricted areas;

Ensuring the security of the Plan itself, and

Ensuring the security of cargo and cargo handling equipment

within the port facility.

Security Plan
Port Facility Security Plan

Security procedures should include procedures:

to respond to security threats or breaches;

to respond to instructions given at Security Level 3;

for evacuation in the event of security threats or breaches;

for the security interface with ships;

for the reporting of security incidents;

to respond to the activation of a Ship Security Alert System,

and

to facilitate shore leave for ships personnel.

Security Plan
MAINTENANCE AND MODIFICATION OF PFSP

The PFSP is intended to

address security measures for
each of the 3 Security Levels,
but on further inspection it can
be seen that the PFSP is a
living document and will
require modification over time
in maintaining its effectiveness
and contributing to positive

DECLARATION OF
SECURITY
(DoS)

Declaration of Security (DoS)

The DoS is an agreement

between the ship and the port
facility or with other ships
with which it interfaces as to
details the respective security
measures of which each party
will undertake in accordance
with the provisions of their
respective approved security

Declaration of Security (DoS)

The DoS shall address the

security
requirements that could be
shared between a port facility
and a ship (or between ships)
and shall state the
responsibility for each.

Declaration of Security (DoS)

Example of
DoS

SECURITY DRILL & EXERCISE

Security Drill & Exercise

SECURITY DRILL & EXERCISE
TO ENCOURAGE ALERTNESS AND AWARENESS OF

THE SECURITY OF THE PORT FACILITY

TO ENSURE THAT PORT FACILITY PERSONNEL ARE

PROFICIENT IN ALL ASSIGNED SECURITY DUTIES

AT ALL SECURITY LEVEL
TO IDENTIFY ANY SECURITY RELATED

DEFICIENCIES WHICH NEED TO BE ADDRESS

TO ENSURE EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE

PROVISION OF THE PORT FACILITY SECURITY

PLAN

Security Drill & Exercise

SECURITY DRILL & EXERCISE
DRILL SHOULD BE CONDUCTED AT LEAST

EVERY THREE MONTH

EXERCISE SHOULD BE CARRIED OUT AT LEAST

ONCE EACH CALENDER YEAR WITH NO MORE

THAN 18 MONTHS BETWEEN THE EXERCISES

Security Drill & Exercise

Objectives
To ensure that port facility
personnel are proficient in all
assigned security duties, at all
security levels and to identify
any security- related
deficiencies which need to be
addressed.

The IMPLICATION

The IMPLICATION

NON-COMPLIANCE
1.

IMO does not state that complying with the ISPS Code as a mandatory
requirement.

2.

Malaysian government through its Designated Authority (Peninsular

Malaysia Marine Department) has advised the shipping companies and
port facilities to comply with the Code.

3.

Failing to comply with the Code, the port facility may result ships not
calling at the port facility; while the ships may be denied access by the
port or being detained or subject to additional inspections.

4.

The non-compliance port facility may lost their business when the
ships refuse to call at their port; while the ship may incur undue delay
and may even spending higher cost expenses

The IMPLICATION

NON-Conformance
1.

The non-conformance port facility is as bad as noncompliance port.

2.

SoCPF will be revoked and the name of the port will

be updated in the IMO website.

3.

The port facility may have to spend extra expenses in

order to reassess the port facility and to redevelop the
Security Plan.

ANY FURTHER
QUESTION?