A PROJECT ON

RESIDENTIAL BUILDING
WORKING BY

BRAJESH NARVARIYA
ANU MARU
CHINTAMANI GUPTA
SARABJEET SINGH BAGGA
SHREYA GAUR
PRAVEEN SANER
UNDER THE GUIDENCE OF
Dr. SAVITA MARU
Professor
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGG.
UJJAIN ENGINEERING COLLEGE
UJJAIN (M.P.)

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL

BUILDING
PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
STRUCTURAL PLANNING AND DESIGNING
SLABS
BEAMS
COLUMNS
FOUNDATION

INTRODUCTION
PRINCIPLE OF PLANNING
To arrange all the units of a building on all floors and at level

according to their functional requirements making best use of

the space available for a building.
The shape of such a plan is governed by several factors such

as

climatic

conditions,

site

location,

accommodation

requirements, local by-laws, surrounding environment, etc.

Factors to be considered in planning.

(01) Aspect
(03) Privacy
(05) Roominess
(07) Sanitation
(09) Circulation
(11) Economy

(02)Prospect
(04)Grouping
(06)Furniture Requirement
(08)Flexibility
(10)Elegance
(12)Practical Considerations

Aspect: - Aspect means peculiarity of the

arrangement of doors and windows in the
external walls of a building which allows
the occupants to enjoy the natural gifts
such as sunshine, breeze, scenery, etc.

Prospect: - Prospect in its proper sense, is the

impression that house is likely to make on
person who looks at it from out-side.
Privacy: - Privacy requires consideration in
two ways:
Privacy of one room from another.
Privacy of all parts of a building from the
neighbouring buildings, public streets and byways.

Grouping: - Grouping means the disposition of various rooms in

the layout in a typical fashion so that all the rooms are placed in
proper correlating of their functions and in proximity with each
other.
Roominess: - Roominess refers to the effect produced by
deriving the maximum benefit from the minimum dimensions of a
room.

Furniture Requirements: - The functional requirement of a

room or an apartment governs the furniture requirements
so that the doors, windows and circulation space do not
prevent from placing of sufficient number of pieces.

Sanitation: - Sanitation consists of providing ample light,

ventilation, facilities for cleaning and sanitary
conveniences.

Flexibility: - Flexibility means planning a room or rooms

in such a way, which thought expanded for the future
requirement.

Circulation: - Circulation means internal movement space

provided on the same floor either between the rooms or with in the
room called horizontal circulation and between the different floors
through stairs or lifts called vertical circulation.

Elegance: - Elegance is the effect produce by the

elevation and general layout of the plan.
Economy: - The economy may not be a principle of
planning but it is certainly a factor, which effects
planning. Economy should not have any evil effect on the
utilities and safety of the structure.

STRUCTURAL PLANNING
Structural planning is first stage in any structural design. It
involves the determination of appropriate form of structure,
material to be used, the structural system, the layout of its
components and the method of analysis .
Structural planning of R.C.C. framed building involves determination of:
COLUMN POSITIONS
Positioning of columns
Orientation of columns
BEAM LOCATIONS
SPANNING OF SLABS
TYPE OF FOOTING

STRUCTURAL DESIGNING
Structural design for framed R.C.C structure can be done by three
methods:
Working Stress Method.
Ultimate Strength Method.
Limit State Method.
LIMIT STATE METHOD
In limit state method the working load is multiplied by partial
factor of safety. And also the ultimate strength of material is
divided by the partial safety. Partial safety factor is introduced to
reduce the probability of failure to about zero.

Limit state can be broadly classified into two main

categories.
LIMIT STATE OF COLLAPSE: It is the limit state on
attainment of which the structure is likely to collapse. It
relates to stability and strength of the structure.
LIMIT STATE OF SERVICEABILITY: It relates to
performance or behavior of structure at working loads
and is based on causes affecting serviceability of the
structure. This limit state is concerned with cracking and
deflection of the structure.

S LAB S
Slab are plain structural members forming floors and
roofs of building whose thickness is quite small compared
to their other dimensions. A staircase is considered to be
an inclined slab.
The thickness of the reinforced
concrete slabs ranges from 100
mm to 300 mm slabs are designed
just like beams keeping the
breadth of slab as unity .

BEAMS

The beams and slabs in concrete structure are cast

monolithic.

Beams may be singly reinforced or doubly reinforced.

DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAMS

A doubly reinforced beam is that in which reinforcement is
provided both for tension as well as compression face.

SHEAR

A beam subjected to shear force and bending moment experience

diagonal tension.
The resultants of these stresses produce diagonal tension, which
may develop crack in the beam.
To take care of this resultant diagonal tension shear
reinforcement is provided in two forms.
1. Cranked bars
2. Stirrups
-Vertical
-Inclined.

COLUMNS

COLUMN POSITIONS
Following are some of the guidelines principles for positioning of
columns.
Column should be preferably located at or near the corner of the
building and at intersection of the walls.
When center to center distance between the intersection of the
walls is large or where there are no cross walls, the spacing
between two column is governed by limitations on spans of
supported beams.

Effective Length
The effective length of a column is defined as the length
between the points of contra flexure of the buckled column.
A column may be classified as follows based on the type
of loading.
Axially loaded column.
A column subjected to axial load and uni-axial bending.
A column subjected axial loads and bi-axial bending.

Axially Loaded Columns

All compression members are to be designed for a
minimum eccentricity of load into principal directions.
Therefore, every column should be designed for an
eccentricity.

Axial Load and Uniaxial Bending

A member subjected to axial force and uniaxial bending shall
be designed on the basis of sp16.
The maximum compressive strain in concrete in axial
compression is taken as .002
The maximum compressive strain in concrete at the
highly compressed extreme fiber in concrete subjected to
axial compression and when there is no tension on the
section shall be 0.0035 minus 0.75 times the strain at the
least compressed extreme fiber.
Design charts for combined axial compression and
bending are given in the form of interaction diagrams
in which curves for Pu /fck bD Vs Mu /fck b D2 are
plotted for different values of p/ fck where P is the
reinforcement percentage.

Axial Load and Biaxial Bending

Footing is that portion of foundation which ultimately delivers the

load to the soil, and is thus in contact with it. The object of providing
the load to the soil in such a way that the maximum pressure on the
soil does not exceed its permissible bearing value , and at the same
time the settlement is within the permissible limits.
The foundation type is classified on the basis of depth
Shallow (D<B)
1. Isolated (Spread) Footing
2.Combined (Strip) Footing
3.Mat (Raft) Foundation
Deep (D>B)
1.Pile Cap
2. Driller Pier

Conclusion
The design of R.C.C. structured building

was attempted by Limit State Theory.

Kanis Method was adopted for calculating
the moments.
Slabs were designed as two way & one way
slabs, by the method providing by IS 4562000. It is evident that load in a residential
building reinforcement as per IS 456-2000.

Beam were designed individual as continues

beams & reinforcement was provided for positive

as well as for negative moments.
Short column of uniform sizes were provided with
minimum reinforcement cement as they were safe.
Isolated footings were provided, of maximum size
1900 x 1750 mm2, as bearing capacity of soil is
127 KN/m2.
FUTURE SCOPE:
The structural analysis can be performed by
different methods and also software & results can
be compared.

Thank You