PAPER BATTERY

INTRODUCTION

A paper battery is a flexible, ultra-thin energy

storage and production device formed by
combining carbon nanotubes with a conventional
sheet of cellulose-based paper.

Formed by combining carbon nanotubes

with a conventional sheet of cellulose-based
paper
A paper battery acts as both a high-energy
battery and super capacitor
This combination allows the battery to
provide both long-term, steady power
production and bursts of energy

INTRODUCTION
Can be folded, cut or otherwise shaped for
different applications without any loss of
efficiency
Cutting one in half , halves its energy
production
Can be stacked in multiples of power output
2.5 volts of electricity from a sample the
size of a postage stamp.

FORMATION

Combining cellulose with an infusion of

aligned carbon nanotubes that are each
approximately one millionth of a centimeter
thick
These tiny filaments act like the electrodes
found in a traditional battery, conducting
electricity when the paper comes into contact
with an ionic liquid solution.
With no water in solution, cannot freeze and
hence operating temp -75 to 100 Degree
celsius

How it is made
To create this paper we have to first dissolve
the cellulose in the ionic liquid and then infiltrate
the cellulose paper with aligned carbon
nanotubes which form the uniform film.
Then it is solidified on dry ice, after this it is
soaked in ethonal to remove the ionic liquid and
dried in a vacume, which gives us our final
product: Nanocomposite paper.

At Stanford, nanotubes + ink + paper =

instant battery
Dip an ordinary piece of paper into ink infused with carbon
nanotubes and silver nanowires, and it turns into a battery
or super capacitor. Crumple the piece of paper, and it still
works. This is new way of storing electricity.
Paper battery is the one that holds promise for new types
of lightweight, high-performance energy storage.

ordinary paper could one day be used as a lightweight

battery to power the devices that are now enabling the
printed world to be eclipsed by e-mail, e-books and online
news.

CARBON NANOTUBES

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs; also known as buckytubes)

are allotropes of carbon with a cylindrical nanostructure.
They exhibit extraordinary strength and
uniqueelectricalproperties, and are efficientthermal
conductors.
Nanotubes are members of thefullerenestructural family,
the diameter of a nanotube is on the order of a few
nanometers
Because of the symmetry and unique electronic structure
of graphene, the structure of a nanotube strongly affects its
electrical properties. For a given (n,m) nanotube, ifn=m,
the nanotube is metallic; ifnmis a multiple of 3, then
the nanotube is semiconducting with a very small band
gap, otherwise the nanotube is a moderatesemiconductor.

MANUFACTURING

Growing the nanotubes on a silicon substrate and then

impregnating the gaps in the matrix with cellulose

Once the matrix has dried, the material can be peeled

off of the substrate, exposing one end of the carbon
nanotubes to act as an electrode

When two sheets are combined, with the cellulose

sides facing inwards, a supercapacitor is formed that
can be activated by the addition of the ionic liquid

This liquid acts as an electrolyte and may include salt-laden

solutions like human blood, sweat or urine.

WORKING

While a conventional battery contains a number

of separate components, the paper battery
integrates all of the battery components in a
single structure, making it more energy efficient.

INTEGRATED DEVICES No warm up time, power

loss, component malfunction; Loss of energy
while transferring power from one component to
another, less energy lost in an integrated device

WORKING

1.Batteries produce electrons through a chemical reaction between electrolyte and

metal in the traditional battery.
2. Chemical reaction in the paper battery is between electrolyte and carbon nanotubes.
3. Electrons collect on the negative terminal of the battery and flow along a connected
wire to the positive terminal
4. Electrons must flow from the negative to the positive terminal for the chemical
reaction to continue.

DURABILITY
The sheets can be rolled, twisted, folded, or
cut into numerous shapes with no loss of
integrity or efficiency, or stacked like printer
paper to boost total output.
The components are molecularly attached
to each other: the carbon nanotube print is
embedded in the paper, and the electrolyte
is soaked into the paper

USES
The paper-like quality of the battery
combined with the structure of the
nanotubes embedded within - light weight
and low cost
Ability to use electrolytes in blood make
them potentially useful for medical devices
such as pacemakers
The medical uses are particularly attractive
because they do not contain any toxic
materials and can be biodegradable causes
less pollution

CONCLUSION
This energy storage device is cost-effective because
the device can be able to be used in the smallest and
most diversly designed electronics. Such as cell
phones, mp3 players and medical equipment.
The reasearchers say that it can also be used in
automobiles and aircraft. But it has a poor
processibility, being that it is particularly insoluble of
infuseble. Lastly, the use of ionic liquid makes the
device environmentally friendly; a major concern in
nanotechnology.

THANK YOU

PAPER BATTERY