EE661

Mini Project Presentation

on
Series Active Filters
By: Nikunj Agarwal(14104096)
Khirod Kumar Nayak(14104060)

Outline of presentation:
Compensation of Distribution System Voltage using DVR.
Voltage Sag Detection for a DVR.
Investigation on Series Active Filter Compensated High Power GridConnected Voltage Source Inverters with LCL Filter.
Integrated Photovoltaic and Dynamic Voltage Restorer System Configuration.
Single Phase Series Active Filter Load Compensation
For Aircraft Applications.

Compensation of Distribution System Voltage using DVR[1]

The
DVR is a series connected power device used to regulate the load voltage against unbalance, sags, swells,
harmonics
in the source side.
Basic principle of DVR: Series reactive injection as a voltage regulator.
DVR characteristics in steady state:
The DVR does not supply any real power in the steady state. This implies
that the phase-angle difference between DVR voltage phasor(vf) and line
current phasor(is) must be in the steady state.

Single line diagram of DVR compensated system

Case1:When the line resistance is negligible: Case2:Load is purely resistive:

Case3:General Case

To obtain a valid solution following condition must be satisfied:

`

Denoting and :
Equation(1):

Transient Operation of DVR:

Type I control:

Define a reference quantity such as the terminal voltage (t) and other quantities are synchronized to it.

To compute phase angle of the DVR voltage, a fundamental of line current is extracted with respect to reference
quantity.

Then DVR voltage is computed using Equation(1).

DVR voltage is then synthesized using magnitude from the equation(1) and phase angle that leads the
fundamental of the line current by .

Type-II control: (Based on measurement of local quantities)

and

Operation of the DVR With Unbalance and Harmonics:

Divide
the DVR terminal voltage as:

where, is the positive-sequence component and is the remaining portion

containing the influence of unbalance and harmonics.
Modified quadratic equation to find fundamental of DVR voltage:
The rest of the DVR voltage which consist of harmonics and unbalance must be equal and opposite to that of the
rest part of the terminal voltages so the total DVR voltage to be injected can be given as following:

DVR structure:

Hysteresis band control of DVR:

Let
voltage of a phase that has to be tracked and h is a constant. The upper and lower
levelsbeofthethereference
switching band are then generated from:
THREE-LEVEL SWITCHING SELECTION

In addition to the switching band control loop,

an additional loop is required to correct the
voltage in the dc-storage capacitor against the
losses in the inverter and transformer.DVR
also has to supply real power during transients.

Voltage Sag Detection for a DVR[2]

Current methods to detect SAG:
Monitoring the peak values of the supply
Monitoring of in a vector controller
Applying the Fourier transform to each phase
NUMERICAL MATRIX SAG DETECTION METHOD
A numerical sag detection method has been developed which has a small time latency when implemented and
returns results that are directly Interpretable.
Provided bands of dominant supply frequency components are known.

Investigation on Series Active Filter Compensated High Power

Grid-Connected Voltage Source Inverters with LCL Filter[3]

Modern power electronic converters use LCL filters which are

clearly superior to standard L filters in terms of size, weight
and PWM ripple reduction.
At low frequencies it act as a inductor
But it has resonance problem.

Single phase equivalent circuit

Control to output transfer function:

Resonance frequency=

Series active filter(SAF) based damping:

Two
kinds of SAF damping methods are used
Transformer coupled
Directly coupled
Transformer Coupled:

Single phase equivalent circuit of SAF compensated system at the

resonant frequency

An additional damping term is introduced:

 Directly coupled SAF based Damping:

Single-phase representation of DC-SAF compensated system

Bode Plot:

Simulation Results:

TC-SAF compensated system steady state waveforms

DC-SAF compensated system steady state waveforms

Integrated Photovoltaic and Dynamic Voltage Restorer System

Configuration[4]
Modern load centers uses PV generation unit(s) as well as custom power device(s) for critical load
protection. Fig. shows such a system configuration where a grid-connected PV plant injects active
power through six-switch VSI (PV-VSI) using MPPT while self-supported DVR performs voltage sag
compensation for sensitive loads.

Proposed integrated PV and DVR system configuration.

This configuration allows bidirectional active power flow between six-port converter, PV
plant, and utility grid.
The left three ports {a, b, c} are
designated as the output of PV-VSI,
whereas the right three ports {x, y, z}
are designated as output of DVR-VSI.

Single Phase Series Active Filter Load Compensation

For Aircraft Applications[5]
This paper present an analytical method of
calculating reactive and harmonic current and
using this current as a reference to feed a series
active filter to compensate the harmonic
currents generated by a non linear load.

Calculation of harmonic and reactive

current:
Aircraft power system

Control strategy for the active filter

Vc=k*i
rh

 Simulation results:

K=10,THD=8%

K=5,THD=15%

References:
Ghosh, A.; Ledwich, G., "Compensation of distribution system voltage using DVR," Power
Delivery, IEEE Transactions on , vol.17, no.4, pp.1030,1036, Oct 2002
Fitzer, C.; Barnes, M.; Green, P., "Voltage sag detection technique for a dynamic voltage
restorer," Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on , vol.40, no.1, pp.203,212, Jan.-Feb.
2004
Usluer, S.N.; Hava, A.M., "Investigation on series active filter compensated high power
grid-connected voltage source inverters with LCL filter," Energy Conversion Congress and
Exposition (ECCE), 2014 IEEE , vol., no., pp.381,388, 14-18 Sept. 2014
Rauf, A.M.; Khadkikar, V., "Integrated Photovoltaic and Dynamic Voltage Restorer System
Configuration," Sustainable Energy, IEEE Transactions on , vol.6, no.2, pp.400,410, April
2015
Taha, M.H., "Single phase series active filter load compensation for aircraft applications,"
Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference and Exposition (PEMC), 2014 16th
International , vol., no., pp.449,454, 21-24 Sept. 2014

THANK
YOU