Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
Personality
Presented by:
Bal Ram Chapagain, M. Phil.
April 23, 2015
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A
Challenge
Please write a One Sentence
Definition of Personality
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Concept of Personality
Traditionally, personality referred to how
people influence others through their external
appearances and actions.
But, today personality is regarded as an
interaction of physical and psychological
characteristics.
To be noted, though psychologists and social
scientists unanimously agree to the importance
of personality, they are unable to come out with
a unanimous definition.
April 23, 2015
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Definitions of Personality
According to S.P. Robbins and S. Sanghi,
Personality is the sum total of ways in which
an individual reacts and interacts with others.
According to Moorhead and Griffin,
Personality is the relatively stable set of
psychological attributes that distinguish one
person from another.
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Nature/Characteristics of Personality
It is a sum total feature of an individual.
Different individuals have different personality traits.
It is partly born and partly acquired or developed.
Over time personality traits of an individual can be
changed.
Personality influences an individuals behavior.
Personality determines how an individual interacts
with others.
It is most often described in terms of measurable traits
such as extroversion, agreeableness, emotional
stability etc. that a person exhibits.
April 23, 2015
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Personality Traits/Characteristics
Characteristics that are frequently exhibited in most
situations are called personality traits or characteristics.
Thus, the more consistent the characteristic and the
more frequently it occurs in diverse situations, the
more important that trait is in describing the individual.
Allport and Odbert have found that there are three
thousand to five thousand words that describe personal
qualities and more than fifty different definitions of
personally.
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Personality Traits/Characteristics
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Determinants of Personality
1. Heredity
Heredity refers to those factors that were
determined at conception.
Each parents contributes 23 chromosomes containing
thousands of genes which largely determine physical
status, facial attractiveness, gender, temperament,
muscle composition etc.
Researchers have found that heredity/genetics
accounts for 50% of personality difference and
more than 30% of variation in occupational and
leisure interest.
April 23, 2015
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Determinants of Personality
2. Environment
Overall socio-cultural, organizational and family
environment also shapes an individuals personality.
Heredity sets the parameters or outer limits, but an
individuals full potential will be determined by
environmental factors.
Environmental factors like cultures in which we are
raised, our early conditioning, our family, our
organization, friends, social groups play substantial
role in shaping our personality.
April 23, 2015
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Determinants of Personality
3. Situational differences
Personality, although stable and consistent, does
change in different situations.
So we shouldnt look the personality pattern in
isolation.
For instance, employment interview constrain many
behavior; other situations-- e.g., picnic or gettogether with friends constrain relatively few.
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values etc.
2 Organizational factors:
1. Psychological factors:
Attitudes, values, beliefs, motivation,
perception, personality etc.
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Personality
Characteristics
Shy, genuine, persistent,
stable, conforming,
practical
Analytical, original,
curious, independent
Conforming, efficient,
practical, unimaginative,
inflexible
Self confident, ambitious,
energetic, dominant
Imaginative, disorderly,
idealistic, emotional,
impractical
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Congruent Occupation
Mechanic, drill press
operator, assembly line
worker, farmer
Biologist, economist,
mathematician, news
reporter
Accountant, Corporate
manager, bank teller, file
clerk
Lawyer, real estate agent,
public relations specialist,
small business manager
Painter, musician, writer,
interior decorator
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AN Y
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