Smart Grid Technolgy

KUMAR CHATURVEDULA .U.P

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, EEE
ADITYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE

05/03/15

KUMAR CHATURVEDULA .U.P

Objectives
On completion of this lecture you would be able
to :
Define Smart Grid
Compare todays Grid with Smart Grid
Smart Grid development and key aspects
Working Definitions of Smart Grid

05/03/15

KUMAR CHATURVEDULA .U.P

Smart Grid
Asmart gridis a digitally enabledelectrical
gridthat
enabled
gathers, distributes, and acts on information about
the behavior of all participants (suppliers and
consumers) in order to improve the efficiency,
importance, reliability, economics, and sustainability
of electricity services.

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History
Today'salternating currentpower gridevolved after
1896, based in part onNikola Tesla's design published
in 1888

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What is an Electrical Grid?

An electrical grid is not a single entity but

an aggregate of multiple networks and
multiple power generation companies with
multiple operators employing varying levels
of communication and coordination, most of
which is manually controlled. Smart grids
increase the connectivity, automation and
coordination between these suppliers,
consumers and networks that perform
either long distancetransmissionor local
distributiontasks.
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The blackout's primary cause was a software bug in the alarm system at
a control room of the FirstEnergy Corporation, located in Ohio. A lack of
alarm left operators unaware of the need to re-distribute power after
overloaded transmission lines hit unpruned foliage, which triggered a
race condition in the control software. What would have been a
manageable local blackout cascaded into widespread distress on the
electric grid.

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Smart Grid Development

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Definition
contd..

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Definitions:

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Challenges for present grids

Security threats, from either energy suppliers or cyber
attack
National goals to employ alternative power generation
sources whose intermittent supply makes maintaining
stable power significantly more complex
Conservation goals that seek to lessen peak demand
surges during the day so that less energy is wasted in
order to ensure adequate reserves
High demand for an electricity supply that is
uninterruptible
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Goals of the smart grid

Enhancement of reliability
reduce peak demand,
shift usage to off-peak hours,
lower total energy consumption,
actively manage electric vehicle charging,
actively manage other usage to respond to solar,
wind, and other renewable resources

05/03/15

KUMAR CHATURVEDULA .U.P

ADVANTAGE:
Smart grids increase the connectivity,
automation and coordination between
these suppliers, consumers and
networks that perform either long
distancetransmissionor local
distributiontasks.

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Overview:

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Smart grid functions

Self-healing
Consumer participation
Enable electricity market
High quality power
Resist attack
Optimize assets

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Features
Load adjustment
Demand response support
Price signaling to consumers
Smart power generation

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General economics developments

As customers can choose their electricity
suppliers, depending on their different tariff
methods, the focus of transportation costs will be
increased.

Reduction of maintenance and replacements

costs will stimulate more advanced control.

A smart grid precisely limits electrical power

down to the residential level, network smallscaledistributed energygeneration and storage
devices, communicate information on operating
status and needs, collect information on prices
and grid conditions, and move the grid beyond
central control to a collaborative network
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KUMAR CHATURVEDULA .U.P

Obstacles
Consumer concerns over privacy,
Social concerns over "fair" availability of electricity,
Limited ability of utilities to rapidly transform their
business and operational environment to take
advantage of smart grid technologies.
Concerns over giving the government mechanisms to
control the use of all power using activities, and
Concerns on computer security.

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References

1.Wikipedia
2.IEEE Explore
3.U.S. Department of Energy, 2011
Available: http://www.oe.energy.gov

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Thank u

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KUMAR CHATURVEDULA .U.P