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In
the
late
1960s,Hewlett-Packard(HP)
was
manufacturing various automated test and measurement
instruments,
such
as
digitalmillimetersandlogic
analyzers. They developed theHP Interface Bus (HP-IB)to
enable easier interconnection between instruments and
controllers (computers and other instruments)
What is GPIB ?
TheANSI/IEEE Standard 488.1-1987, also known
asGeneral Purpose Interface Bus(GPIB), describes a
standard interface for communication between instruments
and controllers from various vendors, such as scanners and
film recorders. TheGeneral Purpose Interface
Bus(GPIB) is a system of hardware and software that
allows you to control test equipment to make measurements
quickly and accurately.
Timeline
CHARACTERISTICS
There
It
Devices
The
Active
In
The
The
The
GPIB Lines
GPIB
The
Data Lines
The
Data
formats are vendor-specific and can be textbased (ASCII) or binary. GPIB interface commands
are defined by the IEEE 488 standard.
One
Handshake Lines
Handshake lines
Line
Description
DAV
NRFD
NDAC
Initially, the Talker holds the DAV line high indicating no data is available, while
the Listeners hold the NRFD line high and the NDAC line low indicating they are
ready for data and no data is accepted, respectively.
When the Talker puts data on the bus, it sets the DAV line low, which indicates
that the data is valid.
The Listeners set the NRFD line low, which indicates that they are not ready to
accept new data.
The Listeners set the NDAC line high, which indicates that the data is accepted.
When all Listeners indicate that they have accepted the data, the Talker sets the
DAV line high indicating that the data is no longer valid. The next byte of data can
now be transmitted.
The Listeners hold the NRFD line high indicating they are ready to receive data
again, and the NDAC line is held low indicating no data is accepted.
Handshake Lines
GPIB PIN
GPIB LINE NAME
GPIB
NO
ABBREVIATI
ON
1
Data Input / Output 1
DIO1
2
DIO2
DIO3
DIO4
End or Identify
EOI
Data Valid
DAV
NRFD
NDAC
Interface Clear
IFC
10
Service Request
SRQ
11
Attention
ATN
12
Shield (Connected to
Earth)
GPIB PIN
GPIB LINE NAME
GPIB
NO
ABBREVIATI
ON
13
Data Input / Output 5
DIO5
14
DIO6
15
DIO7
16
DIO8
17
Remote Enable
REN
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Signal Ground
It
Again
SCPI
Advantages
Many instruments can be controlled by the same
language.
It can be used with both GPIB instruments and VXI.
Syntax is fairly straightforward and it has great
power.
Disadvantage
It can take a while to learn as it's very detailed
Advantages of GPIB
Simple
Disadvantages of GPIB
Bulky connectors
Cable reliability poor - often as a result of the bulky
cables.
Low bandwidth - slow compared to more modern
interfaces
Basic IEEE 422 does not mandate a command language
(SCPI used in later implementations but not included on
all instruments.
THE END