TOWN

PLANNING :
BAROQUE
BY :
ANGELLA ELZA JOHN

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION
ZONING
VENICE A BAROQUE CITY
VENICE PLANNING
VERSAILLES IN FRANCE
CHARCTERISTICS.
CONCLUSION

INTRODUCTION
Baroque town planning was prevalent in the 17th
century A.D.
It appeared simultaneously with the emergence of
strong states which required walls and military
gracis around them for protection against strong
enemies.
These cities had various spaces pre-allocated for
different functions.
The axial system planning introduced by Lorenzo
Bernini during the renaissance period was further
developed.

INTRODUCTION
During this period King Louis XIV ordered to remove
his palace from the congested Paris to the open
hunting ground of Versailles and ordered to have
the avenues to radiate out.
After Napoleon III rose to power in 1853, the cities
were congested with slums and the condition of
Paris was deteriorating.
Mechanical traffic was to be introduced on the roads
and it was urgent necessity to check the haphazard
growth of Paris.
George Eugne Hausmann introduced straight
avenues, joining the important places; boulevards
were made and building bye-laws like height
restrictions were introduced.

ZONING
Strict zoning.
Landuse is divided into several functions.
Public versus private and residential versus industrial
were common trends in the spatial layouts.
Main purpose was to demonstrate the citys power
and strength, resulting in the construction of
monuments.
Designed to put people in their place through
hierarchy of spaces and separation of classes.
The centre usually public and commercial is the
largest and the most important.
A radial street network extends from the centre and
as a section of the citys distance from the centre
increases, its importance decreases.

ZONING
This is achieved by decreasing the accessibility to
the centre and its important functions.
The government building is usually in the centre
square or attached to it .
Elite neighbourhood spring up along the avenues.
Poorest residential sections are forced to the edge
of the city.
Green spaces and open spaces are found
throughout the city and each section is built
around its own square.
Hierarchy of spaces is also found in the parks and
squares, as the distance from centre increases the
size of the public spaces decreases.

Venice : A Baroque City

The city planning of Venice can be compared to a baroque
city model.
The city remains similar to the layout it acquired during the
imperial age.
The city sprouted with Doge Sebastiano Ziani creating public
space in the Piazza San Marco.
It is from this point that the city began to radiate in a Baroque
city model

Venice : Planning
Hierarchy of spaces and the
impressive symbols of state power
are confined to a limited space.
Open spaces were set aside
( because of the citys small size)
as the six sesteri developed around
squares.
Gardens are also present on the
outskirts of the city.
Land separation is evident, the
Arsenale home of the shipbuilding
industry is located on the farther
edge of the island, away from the
residential and administrative
districts.
Later additions for tourists
attraction diluted the zoning.
San Marco and its Piazza forms the
focus where the administrative
functions and the impressive
monuments are located.

Venice : Planning
The six sesteri fulfil all the
commercial and residential
functions.
Wealthy and poor sections
are scattered across these
neighbourhood.
Each district has its own
campi or square which serves
as local center of the sesteri.
Piazza San Marco dominates
less than 1,000 sqm of
Venice surface, still it is the
largest open space in Venice.

Venice : Planning
Grandoise buildings and
monuments define the
boundaries of the Piazza.
Although San Marco doesnot
form the geographical centre
but rather the southern edge,
hierarchy of spaces are still
revolved around it.
If thought of the Canal
Grande as an access to the
centre , it reflects both the
hierarchy of spaces and
separation of classes.
Destined to be the social,
administrative , religious and
commercial hub from the time
of its construction, the square
boasts the headquarters of
these Venetian institutions.

VERSAILLES IN FRANCE
St. Louis XII ordered Le Norte to design the gardens of
Versailles.
The spaces created were of unparalleled proportion and
a scale of incomprehensible size.
All roads lead to the centre of town i.e., towards the
palace, plazas were open and less confined of the
countryside.
Design shifted from wall in architectural forms to an
emphasized by colonnades and entrance lined by
avenues.
Star shaped fortification and a central core is ideal city.
Renaissance designers froze the streets which radiated
from the centre.
Such design emerged around the middle of the 15th. C;
from the imagination of Albert.

VERSAILLES IN FRANCE

CHARACTERISTICS:BAROQUE CITY
PLANNING

AVENUES
FOUNTAINS
AXIS
GEOMETERY

CONCLUSION
In the Medieval period, the main emphasis were given
to the mass of the buildings.
In the Renaissance period the importance was given to
the space.
In the Baroque period, the importance was laid upon
both mass and space.
A city of independent parts, connected by gardens,
streets and squares and co-ordinated into a scheme of
vistas and visual effects, developed within an already
extant urban matrix.

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