Basis

Open circuit

Fixed
displacement
pump

Fixed
displacement
motor
Cylinder

In an open circuit the pump delivers oil from the hydraulic tank to the
consumer.
From the consumer the oil runs back to the hydraulic tank.

2002/09

Folie 2

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Open circuit
Distributing valve

Fixed
displacement
pump

Fixed
displacement
motor

Cylinder

With a distributing valve, the hydraulic motor or a cylinder can be

triggered two sides.

2002/09

Folie 3

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Closed circuit

Variable
displacement
pump

Variable
displacement
motor

In a closed circuit the pump delivers oil to the consumer. From the
consumer the oil is running back to the suction side of the pump.
The pump can deliver oil in both directions.

2002/09

Folie 4

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Closed circuit

Variable
displacement
pump

Pressure relief
valves

Variable
displacement
motor

Pressure relief valves protect the closed circuit against to high pressure
in both directions.

2002/09

Folie 5

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Closed circuit

Variable
displacement
pump

Pressure relief
valves

Variable
displacement
motor

The leakage from the variable displacement pump and the variable
displacement motor flows to the hydraulic tank.

2002/09

Folie 6

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Closed circuit

Var. displ. Pump

with feed pump

Var. displ.
motor

filter

The leakage from the closed circuit will be

replaced by fresh oil.
cooler

2002/09

Folie 7

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

The feed pump delivers oil on the low pressure

side into the closed circuit.

Hydrostatic travel drive

Hydrostatic drive:
Variable displacement pump A4VG .. DA
Variable displacement motor A6VM .. DA

Folie 8

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Variable displacement pump A4VG .. DA

Pressure relief valve

Pressure cut off valve

Regulator
valve

Feeding
pressure
relief valve
Performance adjustment
screw
Folie 9

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Feeding pump

Var. Displacement pump - A4VG .. DA

1 Pressure springs
2 Servo piston
3 Solenoid for drive
direction forward
4 Directional valve

During activated Solenoid

3, the directional valve 4 is
pushed down.
In This time, the control oil is running
to the servo piston. From approx. 6 bar control
pressure on, the servo piston is pushing against the
pressure springs and the pump is swivelling out.
2002/02

Folie 10

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Var. displacement pump / DA-Regulation

Feeding pressure relief valve
Regulator valve

Pressure
cut-off valve

Feeding pump
Inching valve

Directional solenoid valve

Folie 11

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Var. displacement pump - A4VG .. DA

DA regulator valve

RPM-depending, the feed pump delivers oil to the regulator valve. Corresponding to this, a
certain differential pressure occur on the orifice.
The differential pressure effects a force against the spring in the regulator valve and the control
pressure. This adjust a certain, RPM-depending control pressure.
2002/09

Folie 12

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Variable displacement pump

A4VG .. DA
Servo piston with
directional valve
Inching valve

Folie 13

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Var. displacement pump - A4VG .. DA

Pressure cut-off

The pressure cut-off limits the maximum pressure in the closed

circuit.
The high pressure acts through the shuttle valve 4 on the piston
3 and valve 2 against the pressure spring 1.
If the high pressure exceeds the adjusted value, the control
pressure will be reduced to the tank channel and the variable
displacement pump reduces the flow rate.

2003/09

Folie 14

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Var. displacement pump - A4VG 71-180 DA

Pressure relief and replenishing valve

At high pressure

2002/09

Folie 15

Basic Training / Travel Hydraulic

Low pressure side with replenishing

Var. displacement motor - A6VM .. DA

During reverse travel, the solenoid valve
travel direction is power-supplied
During 1. travel range, the solenoid
valve 1. travel range is power-supplied.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Drive shaft
Housing
Rotary group
Valve travel direction
Valve 1. travel range
Control unit
Discharge valve

Big swash angle 25:

High torque = high tractive force
Low revolutions = low speed
Small swash angle:
Low torque = low tractive force
High revolutions = High speed
2002/02

Folie 17

L 506 - L 510 Fahrhydraulik

Var. displacement motor - A6VM .. DA

During full speed, the control pressure reaches approx. 30 bar. In this time, the
control valve is pushed down and the var. displacement motor regulates to Q-min.
If the high pressure reaches approx. 220 bar, the control valve is moved up, against
the control pressure. In this time, the oil is running from the large side of the servo
piston to the tank and the var. displacement motor regulates to Q-max.
2002/09

Folie 18

L 506 - L 510 Fahrhydraulik