COMPONENT

S OF AN
ECOSYSTEM

What
thing living
s exis
ECOSYSTEM
t in
partic
ecosy ular
Ecological System composed ofstems?

interdependent living (biotic) and nonliving (abiotic) components enclosed within

a definite boundary
Ecosystems vary in kind and size.
There is interaction between the biotic
components and abiotic components in an
ecosystem.

BIODIVERISTY IN
ECOSYSTEMS
Habitat the place where large groups of
plants and animals live at the same time
Large ecosystems like the forest and the
Can you give
sea are habitats
for of
a variety
of plants and
examples
What are the
ecosystems andreasons for the
animals
habitats? disappearance of life
Biodiversity is a common
of
in ourcharacteristic
forests?
all ecosystems.
The Philippine forests is reported to be one
of the most diverse forests in the world.

Apply it
An aquarium can be considered an ecosystem.
List down the abiotic and biotic components of the
aquarium ecosystem.
ABIOTIC
BIOTIC
Glass
Pebbles
Sand
Decoration
s

Aquarium
Plants
Fish
Small Snails

INTERACTIONS IN THE
ECOSYSTEM
Biotic-Abiotic
Example: Trees and Soil- The soil provides nutrients (food)
for the trees.

Abiotic Abiotic

you give The temperature ruses

Example: Sun andCan
Temperature
examples more
with more sunlight

Biotic

examples of
Bioticinteractions in the
ecosystem?

Example: Trees and Birds Birds use the trees for a home.

Producers, Consumers,
Decomposers
Producer plant that can make its own food to supply the
matter and energy to it needs to survive. (Examples: plants,
algae, tress, etc.)
Producers Roles
Produce oxygen
Supply food
Provide shelter

Consumer organism that feeds on or consumes other

organisms.
Types of Consumers

Herbivore animals that eat plants (moose, aphids)

Carnivore - animals that eat mostly meat (trout, wolf)
Omnivore - animals that eats both plants and meat (human, bear)
Scavenger animals that feeds off remains of dead (vultures, hyenas)
Decomposer decompose (break down) dead plants or animals (fungi)

Producers, Consumers,
Decomposers
Prey animal that is hunted for food
Predator animal that hunts and consumes prey
Example: coyote and deer
Which one is the predator?
Coyote
Which one is the prey?
Deer

Decomposers are organisms involved in rotting

or in the process of decomposition

Food Chain
Food Chain feeding interactions between
producers and consumers
An organism may be a part of several food chains.
This complex relationship is called food web.

Energy Transfer
Energy goes from the sun to producers, to
herbivores, and omnivores, and then to carnivore and
omnivores
Each consumer, regardless of the level it occupies in
the pyramid, retains only about one-tenth of the
energy of what it has consumed.
The remaining bulk of energy (9/10) is used up in the
process of actual living.
The energy flow in an ecosystem is unidirectional.
Once energy has been used up, it cannot be recycled.
What happens to this energy?
Most of it is dissipated as thermal energy.

Cycle of matter
There are other materials in the environment on
which organisms depend on to survive. These are
your elements.
CARBON-OXYGEN CYCLE
THE NITROGEN CYCLE

CARBON-OXYGEN CYCLE

THE NITROGEN CYCLE