PENGENALAN KEPADA

PSIKOLOGI

A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words

Pengenalan kepada
psikologi
Kajian jiwa, mental atau rohani
manusia.
Kajian yang saintifik tentang jiwa dan
tingkah laku manusia.
Kajian memahami manusia.
Mengapa seseorang itu bertingkah
laku sedemikian

Tujuan
Untuk memahami manusia
Untuk membantu manusia
Dalam pendidikan memotivasikan pelajar,
memahami kaedah pengajaran, pengukuran
dan penilaian
Dalam bidang pekerjaan motivasi dan
tingkah laku pekerja, motivasi
Hubungan sesama manusia sosial skills,
persepsi
Kehidupan seharian stress
Hubungan membantu dan kaunseling

What Causes Behavior?

Sila baca Sejarah dan Perkembangan

Psikologi
http://pustaxa.dbp.gov.my/pustakadigi
tal/pd/bahan/buku/penuh/27938.pdf
Atau mana-mana buku psikologi

Perspectives
Psychoanalytic/psychodynamic
Freud, Jung, Adler, Horney

Behaviorism
Pavlov, Thorndike, Watson, Skinner

Humanistic psychology
Rogers, Maslow

Cognitive psychology
Piaget, Ellis, Bandura, Sternberg, Gardner

Roots of psychology
Pavlov
Pioneered the study of learning after his
discovery of classical conditioning

Freud
Proposed a seminal theory on the origins
of personality

Origins of modern
psychology
Behaviorism
Replaced experimental psychology in
the 1920s
John Watson
Study of observable behaviors and
outcomes

B.F. Skinner
Significant contributions to behaviorism and
learning theory with studies of animal
behavior

Origins of modern
psychology
Humanistic psychology
1960s - response to the clinical
approach of psychoanalytic psychology
Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
Focused on an individuals need for safety,
support, love and fulfillment

Current perspectives in
psychology
Behaviorism/Learning perspective
How the individual responds to the
environment and learns observable
responses
How students learn

Current perspectives in
psychology
Cognitive perspective
The mental processes involved in
encoding, processing, storing and
retrieving information
Remember /forget

Memahami Personaliti
Psikologi membantu memahami
perwatakan individu

Extrovert
Introvert
Suka kepada benda fizikal
Khayalan /pemikiran abstrak

Erik Erikson's
Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial
development is one of the best-known
theories of personality in psychology.

Goals of Psychology

Describe
Explain
Predict
Change

As a teacher
Purpose to study psychology?

To understand others
To motivate students
Disiplin /enforcement
Understanding Student behavior
..
..

Kes-Kes

Pelajar bermasalah disiplin

Hukuman /dendaan
Pelajar tidak dapat belajar
Guru memarahi pelajar
Masalah keluarga
Pelajar membantu keluraga

Sejauh manakah anda mengenali

pelajar/rakan anda
Mengapa mereka bertingkah laku
demikian?
APAKAH STRATEGI ANDA UNTUK
MEMOTIVASIKAN PELAJAR ???