Assignment

Difference btw QA, QC and TQM

GROUP:

Fida, Naeem, Sarmad, Atif, Dilshad

Quality Assurance
1 - Definition: Quality
Assurance is a set of activities
for ensuring quality in the
processes by which products
are developed.

Quality
Control
1 - Definition: Quality Control is
a set of activities for ensuring
quality in products. The activities
focus on identifying defects in
the actual products produced.

Quality Assurance
2 Quality Assurance is a
preventive process.
3 - It prevents defects by
focusing on those processes
which are used for creating
the product.
4 All members of the
production team are
responsible for quality
assurance.

Quality
Control
2 - Quality Control is a corrective
process.
3 - It identifies and corrects
defects in the finished product.
4 A team of quality inspectors
is responsible for quality control.

Quality Assurance
5 Example:
The producers of a car check
the process at every stage by
using Checklists and
Statistical Process Control
(SPC), before the car is finally
produced.

Quality
Control
5 Example:
After the production of a car is
completed, a team of quality
inspectors check the following:
a. The spare parts which are
used
b. Fitting of the spare parts
c. Actual functioning of the car
such as break, acceleration,
wheel balance and wheel
alignment

Total Quality Management

Items

Traditional QA

1. Emphasis

Direct emphasis on
quality

2. Key Stakeholders
3. Product Design

Total Quality
Management
Emphasis on quality
as well as efficient
and effective
management: full of
ethics and positive
corporate culture

Shareholders,
Owners

Customer

Sell what we
produce

Produce according
to customer

Total Quality Management

Items

Traditional QA

4. HRM

Aimed at hiring
and training on the
basis of merit

5.

Quality Control

Reporting and
Evaluation

Total Quality
Management
Considered as
critical system
resource for quality
production and
efficiency
SPC (Statistical
Process Control)

TQM Tools
Tool 1 - Quality Improvement Teams
- Small group of experts
- Members are Employees (Experts from within the company)
- Work on solving specific problems
- Problems related to quality and productivity
- Work on stated targets
- Work for improvements
Tool 2 Benchmarking
- Process of identifying and comparing with the best practices of
other organizations and competitors

TQM Tools
Tool 3 Statistical Process Control (SPC)
-

Statistical technique to maintain acceptable quality level

Uses periodic random samples taken from actual production
Analysis of variations from the standards
Prevention from Defects

Tool 4 Visual Aids

- Pareto Chart
- Fishbone Chart ( a cause and effect diagram)

TQM Tools

Pareto
Chart
Car Paint
Defect
Frequency
Source of Pareto Chart:
www.moresteam.com

TQM Tools
Fishbone
Chart
A cause and
effect
diagram

Source of fishbone cha

rt:
http
://whatis.techtarget.com/
definition/fishbone-diagr