ELLIPTICAL CONSTRUCTION

Elliptical construction adalah kalimat yang

merupakan pemendekan dari dua kalimat
atau lebih dengan cara menghilangkan
beberapa bagian kalimat yang memiliki
kesamaan arti asalnya.
Ada dua macam penggunaan Elliptical
construction.
1.So and too
2.Either and Neither

1. So and too digunakan untuk menggabungkan dua

kalimat positive
Rumusnya:(and) + so + tobe/auxiliary/modal +S
(and) + S + tobe/auxiliary/modal + too
Tobe yaitu
: is,am,are
Auxiliary yaitu
: have/has
Modal yaitu
: will,would,shall,should,can,could, must
may, might etc.
Examplenya elliptical construction dengan menggunakan tobe
(is, am, are, was, were)
1.(+) She is a doctor
(+) He is a doctor
EC: She is a doctor and so is He
and He is too.

Nah kalau tobenya berbeda, maka harus

menggunakan tobe pada kalimat yang kedua.
Examplenya
1. (+) We are a student
(+) She is a student
EC: We are a student and so is he
We are s student and He is too
2. (+) She was at home last night
(+) He was at home last night
EC: She was at home last night and So was he
He was too

Nah kalau kalimat tersebut menggunakan kata kerja

bentuk pertama (VI) Elliptical constructionnya harus
menggunakan Do/does.
Do dipakai apabila subject pada kalimat nomor 2
menggunakan subject I,we,they,you/plural.
Kemudian Does dipakai apabila subject pada kalimat nomor 2
menggunakan subject orang ketiga tunggal seperti
she,he,it, singular.
Examplenya:
1.(+) She works in office every morning
(+) He works in office every morning
EC: She works in office every morning and so does He
He does too

Jika dalam kalimat tersebut menggunakan kata kerja bentuk ke 2 (Verb

II)/ dalam bentuk simple past, maka dalam EC harus menggunakan
kata did untuk semua subject

Examplenya:
1.(+) Rian took my money last night
(+) Boby took my money last night
EC: Rian took my money last night and so did boby
and boby did too

Nah jika dalam kalimat tersebut setelah Have/has+Verb3, maka dalam

EC have/has harus diikutkan. Dalam tenses ini namanya simple
perfect
Simple perfect rumusnya: S +HAVE/HAS+Verb 3
Examplenya:
1. (+) We have studied English just now
(+) They have studied English just now
EC: We have studied English just now and so have they
They have too
Tetapi apabila setelah have/has+noun, maka EC harus
menggunakan do/does.
Examplenya:
1.
(+) she has new shoes
(+) He has new shoes
EC: She has new shoes and so does he
he does too

Nah kalau predikatnya ada kata have to/has to, maka EC

harus menggunakan kata do/does.
Examplenya:
1. (+) Tono has to go now
(+) Iwan has to go now
EC: Tono has to go now and so does Iwan
Iwan does too
2. (+) We have to listen our teacher
(+) They have to listen our teacher
EC: We have to listen our teacher and so do they
they do too

Nah kalau kalimat tersebut terdapat modal, maka

modal tersebut harus diikutkan.
Modal : will, would, shall,should, can,could,must,
may, might ect
Examplenya:
1.
(+) she should see the doctor
(+) we should see the doctor
EC: She should see the doctor and so should we
we should too

2. NEITHER AND EITHER

Neither and either yaitu digunakan untuk menggabungkan
dua kalimat negative (-)
Rumusnya:
And + neither + tobe + auxiliary/modal+S
atau
And + S + tobe/auxiliary/modal + not + either
Example dengan menggunakan tobe
1. (-) She isnt a teacher
(-) He isnt teacher
EC: She isnt a teacher and neither is he
and he isnt either

Kalimat yang menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama

(Verb I) maka harus menggunakan do/does
Example:
1.(-) We dont speak english
(-) They dont speak english
EC: We dont speak english and neither do they
and they dont either
Have/has + Verb3, maka have/has harus diikutkan.
2. (-) she hasnt sung one song
(-) He hasnt sung one song
EC: She hasnt sung one song and neither has he
and he hasnt either
Have/has + noun, maka EC harus menggunakan kata do/does.
3. (-) We have big house
(-) She has big house
EC: We have big house and neither does she
and she doesnt either

Kalau kalimat tersebut menggunakan kata did/ dalam bentuk simple

past tense, maka did tersebut harus diikutkan

Examplenya:
1. (-) Tono didnt meet me last night
(-) Wati didnt meet me last night
EC: Tono didnt meet me last night and Neither did wati
and wati didnt either
Kalau kalimat tersebut terdapat modal maka modal
Tersebut harus diikutkan
2.(-) she wont be doctor
(-) he wont be doctor
EC: She wont be doctor and neither will he
and he wont either

Kemudian ada juga elliptical construction yang

menggunakan conjunction but
Conjuction but menunjukan pertentangan
1.(-) He isnt studying English
(+) She is studying English
EC: He isnt studying English but she is
Conjuction both....and (keduanya) Example:
1.(+) He painted the door
(+) He painted the window
EC: He painted the door and the window

Neither nor (bukanlah)

Example:
1.(-) He isnt a teacher
(-) He isnt a doctor
EC: He is neither a teacher nor a doctor
Either or (bukanlah) Example:
1.(-) We arent a student
(-) they arent a driver
EC: we arent either a student or a driver

Beberapa conjuction yang menunjukan

pola kalimat yang setara (sama) yaitu
and, dan or.
Example:
1.(+) I Will write a letter
(+) I will write a short story
Ec: I will write a letter and a short story
Or (atau) examplenya:
2. (-) You cant go by bus
(-) You cant go by taxi
Ec: You cant go by bus or taxi

Quis 1 to 10
1.UN/44/2003
Hamdi : Do you agree with the system of direct predential
election?
Burhan : Member of the parliament object to the system, and
I do too
From the dialogue we can conclude that Burhan
with the system
a. Support
c.approves
e.offer
b. Disagrees
d. accepts

2. SPMB 2004
I heard that the thieves managed to take your
electronics.
well not only the electronics
a. As well as my precious jewerly
b. But they took my precious jewerly too
c. and also my precious jewerly
d. but also my precious jewerly
e. And they tool my precious jewerly
3.SPMB 2005
Because of the rain, the teacher couldnt come on
time and .......
a. I neither could d. I couldnt either
b. Neither did I
e. So I didnt
c. also I could not

4. SPMB/2003
I dont like his way of treating patients.
His attitude towards his subordinates.
a. You dont like
b. Whether dont like
c. Dont you like
d. I dont like it either
e. Nor do i like
5. SPMB 2002
They have worked hard to prevent excessive goverment
spending, protect environment, and......
a. Provide quality education
b. The provision of quality education
c. Providing quality educatio
d. quality education is provided
e. For providing quality education

6. SPMB/2002
Advertisement both influence peoples spending habits ..........
a.Their standard of living is also raised
b. But also the raising of their standard of living
c. They can raise their standard of living too
d. And raise their standard of living
e. As well the raise in their standard of living
7.UMPTN/2001
I like this hotel very much, everything is so artistically arranged
And ..........
a.Good care to be given to all facilities
b. They take good cake of all facilities
c. Giving good care to all facilities
d. The care of all facilities is good
e. All facilities are well taken care of
8. UMPTN/2000
Hanny became the focus of attention when she wore a colorful dress and ..........
At my birthday party.
a.Her behaviour is foolish
b.Was a fool
c. Behaved foolish
d. Her foolishness
e. Her foolish behaviour

9. UMPTN/2000
Ridwan believes that advertisement on TV is the most effective.
................
a.
b.
c.

As I do
The same I do
So do I

d. I do also
e. So I do

10. UMPTN/94
I think my mother will be interested in reading this novel,
But .........
a.
So will my father
b.
My father wont
c.
So does my father
d.
My father is not
e.
My father will be

PEMBAHASAN
1.Dari dialogue tersebut terdapat kata kuncinya yaitu terdapat kata object
yang artinya menolak. jadi jawabannya adalah: B
2. Dari kalimat tersebut terdapat kata not only, not only temannya adalah
but also. Maka
Jawabannya: D
3. Couldnt termasuk modal, maka couldnt harus diikutkan dalam
EC
Jawabannya: D
4. Karena kalimatnya negative maka menggunakan either.
Jawabannya: D
5. Di dalam kalimat tersebut terdapat kata protect (verb I), dan terdapat
conjuntion and conjunction and digunakan dalam kalimat majemuk
setara, maka jawabannya harus menggunakan verb I.
Jawabannya: A

6. Kata both biasanya ditemani oleh kata and,

Jawabannya: D
7. Conjunction And menunjukan kalimat majemuk setara.
Jawabannya: E
8. Conjuction and menunjukan kalimat majemuk setara, dan
disitu setelah subject menggunakan kata Verb II, maka
jawabannya harus menggunakan kata kerja Verb II.
Jawabannya: C
9. Jelas sekali dalam kalimat tersebut setelah subject
menggunakan kata kerja bentuk 1 (Verb 1), kalau
menggunakan kata kerja bentuk 1(verb I) harus
menggunakan do/does, tergantung kepada subjectnya.
Jawabannya: C
10. Conjuction but menunjukan pertentangan. Apabila kalimat
awalnya positive maka EC harus negative. Will not/wont
Jawabannya: B