Research Method on ELT 1

Ezis Japar Sidik

Things to discuss for today:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Classroom Rules
Assessment
Materials to be covered; and
Recommended readings
Introduction to Research Method

Classroom rules
Attend at class on time (15 minutes late is
still considered on time)
Up to 80% of attendance
Excuse should be informed in advance
Claim sick should be accompany with
health certificate (if more than 2-days-off )
Those with attendance less than 80%
might only receive D/E

Assessment
A.

Details:
1) Attendance 5 %,
2) Participation/Contribution to Class Discussion 10 %,
3) Evidence of Learning 10 %,
4) Research Outline 5%,
5) Research Proposal 25%,
6) Mid-Test 20%, and
7) Final-test 25%.

B.

Converted:
ABS + TRSK
UTS
UAS

: 25% (1 + 2 + 3)
: 25% (4 + 6)
: 50% (5 + 7)

Materials covered
Week / Topics
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16

Introduction: (Classroom rules & What is meant by Research?)

Research approached in education.
Research problem.
Literature Review.
Research variables and Hypothesis.
Research Sampling.
Data collection Techniques/Data Instrument.
Mid-test (Research Outline is due this week)
Validity and Reliability
Processing and analyzing data (Descriptive Statistics)
(Sampling) and Inferential Statistics
Experimental Research and Experimental Research Design (Types of
Experimental Research).
Ex Post Facto Research.
Correlational Research.
Survey Research.
Writing Proposal (for Quantitative Research) & Final test (Or as Scheduled)

Recommended readings
1.

Ari, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C. & Razavieh, A.: Introduction to

Research in Education.

2.

Burns, R. B.: Introduction to Research Method

3.

Cohen, L., Manion, L. & Morrison, K: Research Method in

Education

4.

Khotari, C. R.: Research Methodology: Methods and Techniques

5.

Nunan, David: Research Method in Language Learning

6.

Fraenkel, J.R., Wallen, N.E. & Hyun, H.H: How to Design and
Evaluate Research in Education

Research Methodology on ELT 1

What is Research?
Why do Research (Objectives)?

What is meant by research?

Refers to a search for knowledge/information; is
a scientific & systematic search for pertinent
information on a specific topic; is an art of
scientific investigation (Khotari, 2004)
is a systematic investigation to find answers to a
problem (Burns, 1994)
Thus, what are the differences research and
daily search of information?

What is meant by scientific /

systematic?
Research comprises defining and
redefining problems, formulating
hypothesis/suggested solutions; collecting,
organizing, and evaluating data; making
deductions & reaching conclusions; and at
last carefully testing the conclusions to
determine whether they fit the formulating
hypothesis (Woody in Khotari, 2004)

Why do Research?
Objectives:
Search for (problem) solutions
Contribute to knowledge
Test hypothesis

Types of research
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

Descriptive vs. Analytical:

Applied vs. Fundamental
Quantitative vs. Qualitative
Conceptual vs. Empirical
One-time research or longitudinal research
Field-setting research or laboratory research
or simulation research
(vii) Clinical or diagnostic research

Research Approach
Qualitative vs. Quantitative approaches:
Qualitative approach involves the generation
of data in quantitative form which can be
subjected to rigorous quantitative analysis in a
formal and rigid fashion.
Qualitative approach to research is concerned
with subjective assessment of attitudes,
opinions and behaviour