Lecture 4-Material and Machine Safety

Safe Materials Handling and
Machine Safety
Joe Nail
Industrial Safety Lecture Four
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Introduction
Handling Materials Safely
50 tons per one ton shipped.

Some is moved by machine and some by hand.
When handling material, technique is everything.
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Causes of Injuries
25% of all injuries are related to material
handling.
80% are to the lower back.
Incorrect lifting causes most injuries.
Incorrect use of equipment.
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Carelessness
Be aware of your environment.
Hey Charlie! Did you see that

game last night?
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Avoiding Workplace Injuries

Stay in shape.
Consider where you will walk.

Dont use your body if you dont have to.
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Rules for Lifting

Get close to the load.
Keep feet apart.
Keep back straight.
Bend your knees.
Tuck your chin.
Grip the load with your palms.
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Hazards Associated with

Materials Handling
Check your environment for sufficient
moving room
Check for projecting objects, wear gloves.
Are materials secure?
Are chemicals to be moved?
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Teamwork and Handling

Various Shapes and Sizes
If an object seems to heavy to lift, it
probably is.
When working with others,
communication is critical.
Your back should be kept straight when
you carry objects.
Special lifting tools should be sought out
and used for large objects.
Protect yourself when handling things.
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Examples of Lifting Equipment
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Hand Tools and Accessories
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Power Operated Hand Trucks
Examples
of a walkie and a rider type

powered hand trucks
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Powered Industrial trucks

Trucks are usually classified by power
source.
Electric Motors
Internal Combustion Engine
Gasoline
Diesel
LP Liquefied Petroleum
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Standard Powered Industrial

Lift Truck
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Straddle Truck
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Order Picker Truck
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Industrial Truck Safety

Popular Misconceptions
Anyone can drive a lift truck.
They handle just like a car.
They are easier to drive than a car.
You dont need any training to safely
drive a fork lift.
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Facts
The center of gravity of a lift truck
changes.
Most trucks are rear steer.
Most trucks have no suspension system.
It is NOT safe to alter the lift trucks
counterweight!
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What does OHSA say about powered
industrial truck training?

OSHA regulations state that only
trained and authorized operators shall
be permitted to operate a powered
industrial truck.
But why?
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Training helps to Prevent Accidents!
Get the picture?

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Data plate.
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Powered Industrial Trucks Operator Training
1910.178 (l)
1915.120 (a)
1917.1 (a)(2)(xiv)
1918.1 (b)(10)
1926.602 (d)
Disclaimer
This
presentation is intended as a resource for

providing training on OSHAs revised powered
industrial truck operator standards. It is not a
substitute for any of the provisions of the
Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, or
for any standards issued by the U.S.
Department of Labors Occupational Safety and
Health Administration (OSHA). It is also not a
substitute for a powered industrial truck
operator training program.
22
Acknowledgment
OSHAs Office
of Training and Education wishes to

acknowledge the following for contributing some of the
graphics used in this presentation:
Caterpillar Lift Trucks

Mason Contractors Association of America
Industrial Truck Association
State of Utah Labor Commission - Occupational Safety &
Health Division
Steamship Trade Association of Baltimore
Taylor Machine Works, Inc.
UAW - Ford National Joint Committee on Health and Safety
Appearance
of products does not imply endorsement by

the U.S. Department of Labor.
23
Powered Industrial
Truck - Definition
A mobile,
power-propelled truck used to carry,

push, pull, lift, stack or tier materials. [American
Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
definition]
Excluded are vehicles used for earth moving and
over-the-road hauling.
Commonly known as forklifts, pallet trucks, rider
trucks, forktrucks, or lifttrucks.
Can be powered through electric or combustion
engines.
24
Scope of Standard
The
scope provisions of 1910.178(a), which are based

on ANSI B56.1 - 1969, remain in effect and cover:
... fork trucks, tractors, platform lift trucks, motorized
hand trucks, and other specialized industrial trucks
powered by electric motors or internal combustion
engines.
It does not apply to compressed air or nonflammable
compressed gas-operated industrial trucks, farm
vehicles, nor vehicles intended primarily for earth
moving or over-the-road hauling.
This scope covers general industry, construction and
shipyards.
25
Scope of Standard (continued)

For
marine terminal and longshoring

industries, all powered industrial trucks are
covered, no matter what specialized name
they are given.
This includes, but is not limited to, straddle
carriers, hustlers, toploaders, container
reach stackers, and other vehicles that
carry, push, pull, lift, or tier loads.
26
Reasons for New Standard

Powered
industrial truck accidents cause

approximately 100 fatalities and 36,340
serious injuries in general industry and
construction annually.
It is estimated that 20 - 25% of the
accidents are, at least in part, caused by
inadequate training.
27
Additional Reasons for New

Standard
Updated
consensus standards have been

published.
OSHA has been petitioned to improve the
requirements for industrial truck training.
Advisory Committee on Construction Safety and
Health has recommended improving the standard.
Resolutions have been introduced in the Senate
and House urging OSHA to revise its outdated
standard.
28
Forklift Fatalities, 1992-1996

120
86
1992
95
89
1993
114
1994
1995
1996
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Related Fatalities Involving Forklifts
29
Forklift Fatalities by Age Group

1992 -1996
12%
5%
21%
Under 20
3%
20 - 24
25 - 34
10%
35 - 44
45 - 54
56 - 64
65 & over
22%
27%
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
30
Industries Where Powered Industrial

Truck Accidents Occurred
Source: OSHA Fatality/Catastrophe Reports, complied by OSHA Office of Electrical/Electronic and

Mechanical Engineering Safety Standards.
31
Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and

Illnesses by Source, 1996
32
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Related Fatalities by Selected Characteristics, 1996.
Background
The
previous OSHA standards, while

requiring operator training, did not define
the type of training or authorization
required.
March 15, 1988 - Industrial Truck
Association (ITA) petitioned OSHA for
specific training requirements.
33
Background (continued)
American
National Standards Institute

(ANSI), in cooperation with ASME, has
revised its standard 4 times, including
current lifttruck technology and specific
training topics.
34
Background (continued)
OSHA published
a proposed ruling on March 14,

1995 for General Industry, Shipyard, Marine
Terminals, and Longshoring regulations, adding
specific training requirements.
On January 30, 1996, OSHA proposed a revision
of the construction standards, mandating the
development of an operator training program
based on the prior knowledge and skills of the
trainee and requiring a periodic evaluation.
35
Final Rule
OSHA published
the final rule for Powered

Industrial Truck Operator Training on
December 1, 1998.
The effective date is March 1, 1999. Start-up
dates are included in paragraph (l)(7).
It applies to all industries except agricultural
operations.
OSHA estimates that the new rule will prevent
11 deaths and 9,422 injuries per year.
36
Fatalities/Injuries Potentially Averted

Annually by New Standard
37
Source: U.S. Department of Labor, OSHA, Office of Regulatory Analysis, 1997
Performance-Oriented
Requirements
The
powered industrial truck operator

training requirements are performanceoriented to permit employers to tailor a
training program to the characteristics of
their workplaces and the particular types
of powered industrial trucks operated.
38
Revised Operator Training

Requirements
General
Industry: 1910.178 is amended by revising

paragraph (l) and adding Appendix A.
Shipyard Employment: New section 1915.120 and
Appendix A are added.
Marine Terminals: Section 1917.1 is amended by
adding new paragraph (a)(2)(xiv) and Appendix A.
Longshoring: Section 1918.1 is amended by adding
new paragraph (b)(10) and Appendix A.
Construction: 1926.602 is amended by adding new
paragraph (d) and Appendix A.
39
Operator Training
Safe
operations
The employer shall ensure that each powered industrial

truck operator is competent to operate a powered
industrial truck safely, as demonstrated by successful
completion of the training and evaluation specified in the
OSHA standard.
Prior to permitting an employee to operate a powered
industrial truck (except for training purposes), the
employer shall ensure that each operator has successfully
completed the required training (or previously received
appropriate training).
40
Training Program
Implementation
Trainees
may operate a powered industrial

truck only:
Under direct supervision of a person who
has the knowledge, training, and
experience to train operators and evaluate
their competence; and,
Where such operation does not endanger
the trainee or other employees.
41
Training Program Implementation

(continued)
Training shall consist of a combination of:

Formal instruction (e.g., lecture, discussion,
interactive computer learning, written material),

Practical training (demonstrations and exercises
performed by the trainee), and
Evaluation of the operators performance in the
workplace
42
Training Program
Implementation (continued)
Training
and
evaluation shall be
conducted by a person
with the knowledge,
training and
experience to train
powered industrial
truck operators and
evaluate their
competence.
43
Training Program Content

Operators
shall receive initial training in

the following topics, except in topics
which the employer can demonstrate are
not applicable to safe operation in the
employers workplace.
Truck-related topics
Workplace-related topics
The requirements of the standard
44

(continued)
Truck-related topics
Operating instructions,
warnings and precautions
Differences from
automobile
Controls and
instrumentation
Engine or motor operation
Steering and maneuvering
Visibility
Fork and attachment

adaptation, operation, use
Vehicle capacity and stability
Vehicle inspection and
maintenance that the operator
will be required to perform
Refueling/Charging/
Recharging batteries
Operating limitations
Other instructions, etc.
45

(continued)
Workplace-related topics
Surface conditions
Composition and stability
of loads
Load manipulation,
stacking, unstacking
Pedestrian traffic
Narrow aisles and
restricted areas
Operating in hazardous
(classified) locations
Operating on ramps and

sloped surfaces
Potentially hazardous
environmental conditions
Operating in closed
environments or other areas
where poor ventilation or
maintenance could cause
carbon monoxide or diesel
exhaust buildup
46

(continued)
The
requirements of the OSHA standard

on powered industrial trucks must also be
included in the initial operator training
program.
47
Refresher Training and

Evaluation
Refresher training, including an evaluation of the
effectiveness of that training, shall be conducted to

ensure that the operator has the knowledge and skills
needed to operate the powered industrial truck safely.
Refresher training required when:
Unsafe operation
Accident or near-miss
Evaluation indicates need
Different type of equipment introduced
Workplace condition changes
48
Refresher Training and

Evaluation (continued)
An
evaluation of each powered industrial

truck operators performance must be
conducted:
After initial training,
After refresher training, and
At least once every three years
49
Avoidance of Duplicative
Training
If
an operator has previously received

training in a topic specified in this section,
and the training is appropriate to the truck
and working conditions encountered,
additional training in that topic is not
required if the operator has been evaluated
and found competent to operate the truck
safely.
50
Certification
The
employer shall certify that each

operator has been trained and evaluated as
required by the standard.
Certification shall include:
Name of operator
Date of training
Date of evaluation
Identity of person(s) performing the training
or evaluation
51
Dates
The
employer shall ensure that operators of

powered industrial trucks are trained, as
appropriate, by the dates shown in the following
table.
If the employee was
hired:
Before December 1,
1999
After December 1, 1999
The initial training

and evaluation of
that employee must
be completed:
By December 1, 1999
Before the employee is
assigned to operate a
powered industrial truck.
52
Appendix A - Stability of Powered

Industrial Trucks
Appendix A provides
non-mandatory
guidance to assist employers in
implementing the standard.
This appendix does not add to, alter, or
reduce the requirements of this section.
53
Appendix A - Stability of Powered

Industrial Trucks
Definitions
General
Basic
Principles
Stability Triangle
Longitudinal
Stability
Lateral Stability
Dynamic Stability
54
Stability Triangle - Figure 1

B
Vehicle Center of
Gravity (Unloaded)
Center of Gravity
of Vehicle and
Maximum Load
(Theoretical)
Notes:
1. When the vehicle is loaded, the combined center of gravity (CG) shifts toward line B-C.
Theoretically the maximum load will result in the CG at the line B-C. In actual practice, the
combined CG should never be at line B-C.
2. The addition of additional counterweight will cause the truck CG to shift toward point A and
55
result in a truck that is less stable laterally.
Stability Triangle - Figure 2

Load CG
Load CG
Vertical
Stability
Line
(Line of Action)
Combined CG
Combined CG
Truck CG
The vehicle is stable
Truck CG
Vertical
Stability
Line
(Line of Action)
This vehicle is unstable and

will continue to tip over56
Effective Powered Industrial

Truck Operator Training Program
Four
major areas of concern must be

addressed:
The general hazards that apply to the operation of
all or most powered industrial trucks;
The hazards associated with the operation of
particular types of trucks;
The hazards of workplaces generally; and,
The hazards of the particular workplace where the
vehicle operates.
57
Types of Powered Industrial

Trucks
There are many different types of powered industrial
trucks covered by the OSHA standard.
Commonly used types include:
High lift trucks, counterbalanced trucks, cantilever trucks, rider

trucks, forklift trucks, high lift trucks, high lift platform trucks,
low lift trucks, motorized hand trucks, pallet trucks, straddle
trucks, reach rider trucks, high lift order picker trucks, motorized
hand/rider trucks, and counterbalanced front/side loader lift
trucks.
A single
type of truck can only be described by calling

it by all of its characteristics, (e.g., a high lift,
counterbalanced, sit down rider truck).
58
Unique Characteristics of
Powered Industrial Trucks
Each
type of powered industrial truck has

its own unique characteristics and some
inherent hazards.
To be effective, training must address the
unique characteristics of the type of
vehicle the employee is being trained to
operate.
59
Components of a Forklift Truck*
*One of the most common types of powered industrial

60 trucks
Classes of Commonly-Used
Powered Industrial Trucks*
The
Industrial Truck Association has placed powered

industrial trucks into 7 classes.
Class I - Electric motor rider trucks

Class II - Electric motor narrow aisle trucks
Class III - Electric motor hand trucks or hand/rider trucks
Class IV - Internal combustion engine trucks
(solid/cushion tires)
Class V - Internal combustion engine trucks (pneumatic
tires)
Class VI - Electric and internal combustion engine tractors
Class VII - Rough terrain forklift trucks
* Note that this classification refers to commonly-used vehicles and does
61
not include all powered industrial trucks covered by the OSHA standard.
Class I - Electric Motor Rider

Trucks
Counterbalanced
rider type, stand up

Three wheel electric trucks, sit-down
Counterbalanced rider type, cushion tires,
sit-down (high and low platform)
Counterbalanced rider, pneumatic tire, sitdown (high and low platform)
62

Trucks
63

Trucks
Counterbalanced
Rider Type, StandUp
64
Class II - Electric Motor Narrow

Aisle Trucks
High
lift straddle
Order picker
Reach type outrigger
Side loaders, turret trucks, swing mast and
convertible turret/stock pickers
Low lift pallet and platform (rider)
65
Class II - Electric Motor Narrow Aisle

Trucks
66
Class II - Narrow Aisle Trucks
67
Class III - Electric Motor Hand or

Hand/Rider Trucks
Low
lift platform
Low lift walkie pallet
Reach type outrigger
High lift straddle
High lift counterbalanced
Low lift walkie/rider pallet
68
Class III - Electric Motor Hand

or Hand/Rider Trucks
69
Class III - Hand & Hand/Rider

Trucks
70
Class IV - Internal Combustion

Engine Trucks - Cushion (Solid)
Tires
Fork, counterbalanced (cushion/solid tires)

71
Class IV - Internal Combustion

Engine Trucks - Cushion (Solid)
Tires
72
Class V - Internal Combustion

Engine Trucks - Pneumatic Tires
Fork, counterbalanced (pneumatic tires)73
Class V - Internal Combustion

Engine Trucks (Pneumatic Tires)
74
Class VI - Electric & Internal

Combustion Engine Tractors
Sit-down rider
75
Class VII - Rough Terrain Forklift

Trucks
Straight-mast forklift
Extended-reach forklift
All rough terrain forklift trucks

76
Rough Terrain Straight Mast

Forklifts
77
Rough Terrain Extended-Reach

Forklifts
78
Some Types of Powered Industrial

Trucks Used in Maritime
The following types of vehicles are
covered by the OSHA standard if the
vehicles carry, push, pull, lift, or tier
loads.
Container top
Sidehandlers
handlers
Container reach
stackers
Straddle carriers
Semi-tractors/ Utility
vehicles
Combination vacuum
lifts
Yard tractors
79
Powered Industrial Trucks Used

in Maritime
Container Handlers
80
Powered Industrial Trucks Used in

Maritime
Empty-Container Handler
81

in Maritime
Container Reach Stacker

82

in Maritime
Straddle Carriers
83

in Maritime
Yard Tractor
84
Dock Safety
Painting of area.
Trailer brakes and securing.
People in the area.
Perform daily check of truck.
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Dock Safety
Portable Docking Plate

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Dock Safety
Dock Restraint Mechanism

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Conveyors
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Conveyors
Powered type is most dangerous.
Most people get hurt while working on
them.
Most injuries involve fingers, hands,
and arms.
Accidents can be prevented if workers
are careful to turn off the power and
lock it out.
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Hoists and
Cranes
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Hoists and
Cranes
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Hoists and Cranes

Hoists and Cranes should be inspected
before use, every time.

When cranes fail, it usually happens
fast.
fast
Tension on a sling is relative to total
weight be lifted and angle of sling.
Never stand under a suspended load.
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Receiving and Storing

Materials
Does this look safe to you?
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When Storing Materials

Place large, heavy packages on the bottom and
lighter ones on top.

Never place materials where they can be
tripped over or where someone could get hurt
attempting to retrieve them.
When materials are moved to where you are
working, they should be secured so they cant
fall on anyone.
Never block a traffic path or prop materials up
against a wall where they might slide over and
cause an accident.
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Corrosive and Flammable

Liquids
Understand what it is that you are about
to move.
Examine the containers to make sure
they are sealed and properly labeled.
Make sure you are wearing all required
PPE.
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Safety Guards
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Safety Guards
Are required to prevent accidents.
Protect people, not the machine.
Hazardous parts include point of
operation components, control

mechanisms, parts that transmit power,
and parts that retain stored energy
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Moving Parts
Make
Guards
Necessary
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Moving Parts
Make Guards
Necessary
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Point of Operation Guard
OSHA 29 CFR 1910.217
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Fixed Guards
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Fixed Guards
Prevent entry into the
point of operation
Do not move when the machine is in
operation.
Example: Barrier Guard
Example: Enclosure Guard
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Interlocking Guards
Used when a fixed guard cannot be
used.
Connected to machine controls or power
source.
Can be mechanical, electrical, or
pneumatic.
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Automatic Guards
Push, pull, or sweep the operators hands
out of the danger zone.

Example: Automatic Pull Backs
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Presence-sensing Guards
No physical barrier.Create a sensing
area around the danger zone.

May use magnetic fields, radio waves, or
light waves.
Machinery must be able to stop
instantaneously.
instantaneously
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Power Transmission Guards

Prevent pieces from flying out.
Should be kept in place at all times while the
machine is running.
Should only be removed for repair work.
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Other Safety Devices

Machine
controls.
Feeding and extracting tools.
Ejectors.
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OSHA Lock Out/Tag Out

Procedures 29 CFR 1910.147
Locking out has to do with the removal or
prevention of hazardous energy.

Tag out is a communication technique that
warns others of the machines repair work.
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Control of Hazardous Energy

29 CFR 1910.147
The standard covers the servicing and
maintenance of machines and equipment
in which the unexpected energization or
start up of the machines or equipment , or
release of stored energy could cause injury
to employees.
109
Provisions Of The Standard

Requires employers to establish
procedures for isolating machines or
equipment from their source of energy
and affixing appropriate locks or tags to
energy isolating devices
110
Employer Responsibilities
Establish
energy control program

Establish energy control procedures for
machines and equipment
Provide employee training
Conduct periodic inspections of the energy
control program
111
Application Of The Standard

An
employee is required to remove or

bypass a guard or other safety device
An employee is required to place any part
of their body in contact with the point of
operation of the operational machine or
piece of equipment
An employee is required to place any part
of their body into a danger zone
associated with a machine operating cycle
112
Exceptions To The Standard

Work
on cord and plug connected

electric equipment controlled by
unplugging of the equipment - the plug
is under exclusive control of the
employee performing maintenance
113
Exceptions To The Standard

Hot
tap operations involving transmission

and distribution systems for substances
such as gas, steam, water, or petroleum
products
114
Minor Servicing Tasks

Employees performing minor tool changes
and adjustments that are routine, repetitive,
and integral to the use of the equipment
and that occur during normal operations
are not covered by the lockout/tagout
standard, provided the work is performed
using alternative measures that provide
effective protection.
115
Definitions
Authorized
employee: A person who locks

out or tags out machines or equipment in
order to perform servicing or maintenance
Affected employee: A person whose job
requires him to operate or use a machine or
equipment on which servicing or
maintenance is being performed under
lockout or tagout
116
Definitions
Energy
isolating device: The

mechanism that prevents the
transmission or release of energy and to
which locks or tags are attached
Includes manually operated circuit
breakers, disconnect switches, line
valves, blocks, and others
117
Definitions
Lockout:
The placement of a lockout

device on an energy isolating device to
ensure that the equipment being
controlled cannot be operated until the
lockout device is removed
118
Definitions
Tagout:
The placement of a tagout

device on an energy isolating device to
indicate the equipment being controlled
may not be operated until the tagout
device is removed
119
De-energizing Equipment
Shut
down the machine or equipment

Isolate the machine or equipment from the
energy sources
Apply the lockout or tagout device(s) to the
energy isolating device(s)
Safely release all potentially hazardous
stored or residual energy
Verify the isolation of the machine or
equipment prior to the start of servicing
work
120
Stored Energy
If
there is a possibility of
reaccumulation of stored energy to a
hazardous level, verification of
isolation shall be continued until the
possibility of such accumulation no
longer exists
121
Re-energizing Equipment
Ensure
that machine or equipment

components are operationally intact
Ensure that all employees are safely
positioned or removed from equipment
Ensure that lockout or tagout devices are
removed from each energy isolation
device by the employee who applied the
device
122
Lockout/Tagout Requirements
If
an energy isolating device is not

capable of being locked out, the
employers energy control program
shall utilize a tagout system
123
Lockout Requirements
After
January 1990, whenever

replacement, major repair, or
modification of a machine is performed,
or whenever new machines or
equipment are installed, they must be
designed to accept a lockout device
124
Device Requirements
Durable:
Lockout and tagout devices must

withstand the environment to which they are
exposed for the maximum duration
Standardized: Both lockout and tagout
devices must be standardized according to
either color, shape, or size
Tagout devices must also be standardized
according to print and format
125
Device Requirements
Substantial:
Lockout and tagout

devices must be substantial enough to
minimize early or accidental removal
Identifiable: Locks and tags must
clearly identify the employee who
applies them.
126
Tag Requirements
Tags
as:
must also include a legend such
Do not start
Do not open
Do not close
Do not energize
Do not operate
127
Periodic Inspections
The
employer shall conduct a periodic

inspection of the energy control
procedure at least annually
Shall be performed by an authorized
employee other than the person(s)
utilizing the energy control procedure
being inspected
128
Shall
be conducted to correct any

deviations or inadequacies identified
Where lockout is used, the inspection
shall include a review between the
inspector and each authorized
employee
129
Where
tagout is used, the inspection

shall include a review between the
inspector and each authorized and
affected employees
130
The
employer shall:
Certify that the periodic inspections have been

performed
Identify the machine or equipment on which
energy control procedures were used
The
employer shall also note:
The date of the inspection

The employees included in the inspection
The person performing the inspection
131
Training and Communication

Each
authorized employee shall receive

training in:
Recognition of applicable hazardous
energy sources
Type and magnitude of the energy
available in the workplace
Methods and means necessary for energy
isolation and control
132

Each
affected employee shall be instructed

in the purpose and use of the energy
control procedure
All other employees shall be instructed
about the prohibition relating to attempts
to restart or reenergize machines or
equipment which are locked out or tagged
out
133

The
employer shall certify that

employee training has been
accomplished and is being kept up to
date
Certification shall contain employee
names and dates of training
134
Group Lockout or Tagout

Primary
responsibility is vested in an
authorized employee for a set number
of employees working under the
protection of a group lockout or tagout
device
Each authorized employee shall affix a
personal lockout or tagout device to the
group lockout device
135
Outside Personnel
Whenever outside servicing personnel are

engaged in activities covered by
lockout/tagout, the on-site employer and
the outside employer shall inform each
other of their respective lockout or tagout
procedures
136
Tagout Tags
137
Lockout Device
138
Group Lockout
139
Tagout Tag
140
Lockout Signage
141
Review
1. What is the best way to avoid hurting yourself when moving material?
2. What is most dangerous when wearing gloves around rotating equipment?
3. Describe the best method for lifting.
4. What is the best way to carry a small box or carton?
5. What equipment can you use to move a barrel alone?
6. Describe how to handle moving a loaded hand truck down a ramp.
7. When is it permissible to ride on the platform of a moving truck?
8. What must be checked before entering a trailer on a shipping dock?
9. What is the best way to prevent accidents while working on conveyors?
10. What does the angle of a lifting sling have to do with the stress placed on it?
11. What is a pinch point?
12. What is meant by the term point of operation?
13. What word is used to mean a back and forth motion?
14. What is the correct spacing for a grinder wheel from the work rest?
15. What type of machine guard limits the operators access to the danger zone?
16. Which type of machine guard prevents access to the danger zone altogether?
17. What type of guard cannot be moved while the machine is running?
18. What type of guard, when removed, prevents the machine from running?
19. What type of guard physically pulls the operator out of the danger zone?
20. How fast should a machine stop when it is equipped with a presence sensing
guard?
142
06/11/15

Lecture 4-Material and Machine Safety

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Lecture 4-Material and Machine Safety

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Safe Materials Handling and

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

50 tons per one ton shipped.

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Hey Charlie! Did you see that

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Avoiding Workplace Injuries

Consider where you will walk.

Rules for Lifting

Grip the load with your palms.

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Hazards Associated with

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Teamwork and Handling

Examples of Lifting Equipment

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Hand Tools and Accessories

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Power Operated Hand Trucks

of a walkie and a rider type

Powered Industrial trucks

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Standard Powered Industrial

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Order Picker Truck

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Industrial Truck Safety

drive a fork lift.

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Industrial Truck Safety

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Industrial Truck Safety

industrial truck training?

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Training helps to Prevent Accidents!

Get the picture?

Industrial Safety Lecture Four

Powered Industrial Trucks Operator Training

presentation is intended as a resource for

of Training and Education wishes to

Caterpillar Lift Trucks

of products does not imply endorsement by

power-propelled truck used to carry,

scope provisions of 1910.178(a), which are based

Scope of Standard (continued)

marine terminal and longshoring

Reasons for New Standard

industrial truck accidents cause

Additional Reasons for New

consensus standards have been

Forklift Fatalities, 1992-1996

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics, Job Related Fatalities Involving Forklifts

Forklift Fatalities by Age Group

Industries Where Powered Industrial

Source: OSHA Fatality/Catastrophe Reports, complied by OSHA Office of Electrical/Electronic and

Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and

previous OSHA standards, while

National Standards Institute

a proposed ruling on March 14,

the final rule for Powered