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C2PT Catalyst Process Technology

Petrochemicals
Principal Markets

Petrochemicals & Related Catalyst

Markets by Volume
Ammonia, Methanol Hydrogen

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Petrochemicals & Related Catalyst

Markets by $USD Dollar Value
Ammonia, Methanol Hydrogen

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Petrochemicals: Benzene & Major Derivatives

ABS / SAN / Other

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Petrochemicals: BTX Major Derivatives

Benzene

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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Principal Feedstock's & Largest Consumers

Basis: World
Petrochemical Feedstock
Analysis CMAI (2005)

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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Benzene: Regional Demand

A regional breakdown of major benzene

demand - North Americas and Europes
once dominate positions are being
overtaken by Asias growth.
North America and Europe had
maintained their considerable market
share by virtue of higher production of
cumene and cyclohexane versus that of
Asia, which is dominant in styrene.
Together the three regions dominate
global demand as they account for over
80 percent of the total derivative
production for the world.
.

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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Principal Feedstock: Mixed Xylenes

Demand: 34.3 Million MT

Paraxylene: Forecast Growth 80% by 2020
Strong demand for paraxylene is a function of the worlds
growing appetite for polyester for both packaging (water bottles)
and textile applications.
Mixed xylenes demand is centered in Northeast Asia,
accounting for 45 percent of total world demand. Both China
and South Korea are significant net importers of mixed xylenes
and are expected to continue this trend through 2020.
Imported mixed xylenes are converted to paraxylene and
ultimately polyester in this region, for growing domestic demand
and for re-export as textiles in apparel.

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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Mixed Xylenes: Regional Demand
North America currently accounts for
nearly of global mixed xylenes demand
but this share should erode to 17
percent by 2020.
With demand growth forecast to
average 3.0 percent per year through
2020, mixed xylenes demand in North
America will grow through the
forecast period but more
slowly than in Asia, the
Middle East and South America.
Demand growth is forecast to be the
strongest in the Middle East, averaging
just less than 13 percent per year through
2020. Nearly all the mixed xylenes
produced in the Middle East is converted
to paraxylene, which in turn is converted
to PTA for export or is exported as
paraxylene.

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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Summary: Feedstock Requirements
Rapid demand growth in Asia
Changes to gasoline regulations
The influence of feedstock availability on capacity growth.
The is perhaps one of the most important differences between the
world of olefins and the world of aromatics.

Note: Aromatics products and feedstocks, such as benzene,

toluene and naphtha, are liquids and are much easier and less
expensive to transport than light feedstocks (ethane, propane, and
butane) for olefins.

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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Naphtha Considerations
The rapid increase in condensate production in the Middle East will result in
increasing supplies of naphtha. Some of the condensate will be processed in
the Middle East thereby increasing naphtha exports while the balance will be
marketed in Asia where it will be used to produce petrochemicals.
The potential naphtha yield is about 50 percent. Naphtha trade as a percentage
of reported production is about 20 percent. There is some trade in aromatic
(high N+A) naphtha but most naphtha trade is feed for olefins plants. Most of
the naphtha trade occurs between producers in the Middle East and consumers
in Asia. South America, Africa and the FSU are also net exporters whereas Asia,
North America and Europe are net importers.

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Petrochemicals: Global Catalyst Markets

Petrochemicals

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Petrochemicals: Aromatics Production

Aromatics Catalyst

The xylenes category in Table III-12 covers a number of inter-conversion processes, including disproportionation
of toluene to benzene and xylenes; transalkylation of toluene with trimethyl benzenes to xylenes; and
isomerization of m-xylene to o-xylene and p-xylene

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Petrochemicals: Aromatics Production

By Interconversion Process Technology

BTX
Hydrodealkylation
Cyclohexane
Cumene
Pyrolysis Gasoline Extraction
Reforming & Reforming Extraction
Transalkylation of Toluene with Trimethyl Benzene
Toluene Disproportionation
Selective Toluene Disproportionation
Benzene from Coal / Pet Coke
Isomerization & Separation of Para- and Ortho Xylene
Ethylbenzene by Distillation from Xylenes
Cyclohexane by Hydrogenation of Benzene
PXE C0-Prod
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Petrochemicals: Global Markets

Principal Feedstock: Benzene

Demand: 36.2 Million MT

Forecast: 4.1 %/Year Growth 2000 2020
Total Demand Growth: 24.3 Million MT
Note: Demand for benzene in the
styrenics chain (ethylbenzene) is
forecast to grow at rates of 3.5 percent
per year through 2020.

Note: Forecast growth for cumene is

expected to be significantly stronger,
averaging almost 5.0 percent per year
through 2020.
.

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Petrochemicals: Aromatics Production Aromatics

Catalyst: Cumene

Cumene is also produced by the alkylation of benzene, this time

with propylene. Basically all cumene is used to produce phenol
and acetone via the cumene hydroperoxide process.
The use of traditional Friedel-Craft type of alkylation catalysts
is being superceded by zeolites.
The total value of cumene catalysts in 2001 is about $11 million.
The growth in demand, also averaging about 3% AAGR, is
largely driven by phenol demand for polycarbonate production
(via bisphenol A), and to a lesser degree, phenolic resins,
nylon, alkylphenols and polyphenylene oxide

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