BAHASA INGGRIS

GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES

MAYA ISHATAFIAH

NUR DEWI KERINA

CHAIRU UMMAH

KHAIRUNNISYAK

GERUNDS AND
INFINITIVES

GERUNDS
A

gerund is a noun made from a

verb by adding "-ing." The gerund
form of the verb "read" is
"reading." You can use a gerund
as the subject, the complement,
or the object of a sentence
Gerunds are formed with ING

Examples:
Reading

helps you learn English. subject

of sentence
Her favorite hobby is reading.
complement of sentence
I enjoy reading. object of sentence
They

admitted to committing the

crime.
Leslie made up for forgetting my
birthday.
He is thinking about studying abroad.

Gerunds can be made negative by adding "not."

Examples:
He enjoys not working.
The best thing for your health is
not smoking.

The use of gerund

1. Using gerund as the objects of prepositions:
. He is interested in learning more about
Biology.
2. Using gerund as the objects of certain verbs;
. I enjoy playing tennis
3. Using gerund after preposition.
.She is used to sleeping with the window open
4. Negative form: not preceded a gerund.
.We talked about not going to the meeting,
but finally decided we should go.

5. Either infinitive or gerund can be the subject

of a sentence when an action is being

considered in a general sense. We can say:
Reading French is easier than speaking it or
6. As a complement of a verb:
Her hobby is painting.
7. Using gerund after go. Go is followed by a
gerund in a certain expressions to express,
for the most part, recreational activities. Such
as:
Did my mother go shopping?

Infinitives

Infinitives

are the
"to" form of the
verb. The infinitive
form of "learn" is
"to learn." You can
also use an

RUMUS
Subject
Subject

+ Verb + to infinitive

+ Verb + Object
(nouns/ Pronouns) + to
infinitive

Examples:
To

learn is important. subject of

sentence
The most important thing is to
learn. complement of sentence
He wants to learn. object of
sentence

Infinitives can be made negative by adding "not."

decided not to go.

The most important
thing is not to give up

Subject + Verb + to
infinitive
I

want to study English. (Saya ingin belajar bahasa inggris)

He refused to go. (Ia menolak pergi)
I hope to see you again. (Saya berharap bertemu kamu lagi)
The driver was ordered to stop. (Pengemudi itu
diperintahkan untuk berhenti)
I expect to pass the test. (Saya berharap lolos tes)
Were going out for dinner. Would you like to join us?
(Kita akan pergi keluar untuk makan malam. Maukah kamu
bergabung dengan kita?)
Jenny offered to lend me a little money.
(Jenny menawarkan meminjamkan sedikit uang kepada saya)
Mrs. Allen promised to come tomorrow.
(Nyonya Allen berjanji untuk datang kemarin)
Lucy pretended to know the answer to my question.
(Lucy berpura-pura mengetahui jawaban dari pertanyaan saya)

Subject + Verb + Object (nouns/

Pronouns) + to infinitive
I

want you to study English, now.

(Saya ingin kamu belajar bahasa inggris,
sekarang)
The doctor advised him to stop smoking.
(Dokter menasehatinya untuk berhenti
merokok)
The police ordered the driver to stop.
(Polisi memerintahkan pengemudi itu berhenti)
He advised me to buy a new house.
(Dia menganjurkan saya membeli rumah baru)
I expect Marry to pass the test.
(Saya berharap Marry lolos tes)

K
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