LTE Numerical Relationships

with
RSRP RSSI RSRQ

Agenda
What is RSRP?
What is RSRQ?
What is RSSI?
How are they related?

RSRP
RSRQ

Received Signal Reported Power

Received Signal Reported Quality

Historically we have always wanted to know the signal

strength and the signal quality

signal strength
1X EVDO = Ec
UMTS = CHICP (RSCP)
LTE = RSRP
3

signal quality
Ec/Io
Ec/No
RSRQ

RSRP Received Signal Reported Power

RSRP :
> Used for initial eNodeB selection
> Used for hand-offs to another eNodeB
UE Receiver 0
RSRQ (dBm)
RSRP (dBm)

Reference Signals from 10

Resource Elements in
these 2 shown Resource
Blocks to get average
Power of RSRP and RSQP
signals

UE Receiver 1
Reference Signals from 4
Resource Elements in
these 2 shown Resource
Blocks to get average
Power of RSRP and RSQP
signals

There are up to12 Resource Elements (REs) per Resource Block

(RBs), only 2 REs are used for the UE reports per UE RB.
4

RSRP Received Signal Reported Power

RSRP is the calculated average power from those 2
Resource Blocks (both receiver antennas are independent
of each other, so only one is discussed on next side)
Lets use a PCS example of 10MHz bandwidth if 100% of
the Resource Elements were used, we would have 600 subcarriers with 50 Resource Blocks (12*50 = 600)
It we had a full 20 MHz bandwidth we would have 1200
subcarriers with 100 Resource Blocks (12*100 = 1200)

RSRP Received Signal Reported Power

RSRP is the calculated average power from those 2
Resource Blocks (both receiver antennas are
independent of each other, so only one is discussed)

RSRQ (dBm)
RSRP (dBm)

Reference Signals from

10 of the Resource
Elements in these 2
Resource Blocks to get
average Power of signal

With our 10 Resource

Elements our UE bandwidth is
(10*50 = 500 subcarriers)

RSRP Received Signal Reported Power

Suppose we are using MIMO Matrix A and Matrix B mode with
each antenna power input from the eNodeB is 10 RF watts
(10,000 mw or 40 dBm); we will just consider Matrix A for the RF
signal. The process is the same for all antennas. Assuming:
10,000/500 subcarriers = 20 mw per subcarrier = 13 dBm
The antenna gain is 18 dBi = 15.85 dB ERP
With a 1.85 dB loss in the coax
With a path loss of 105 dB from eNodeB to the UE
The UE has unity gain and 8 dB internal loss
So the UE will see and report RSRP to be approximately:
13 - 1.85 +15.85 -105 - 8 = - 86 dBm per sub-carrier

RSRQ Received Signal Reported Quality

Remember that RSSI is signal plus noise
By dimensional analysis 10 REs = 1 RB
N = Only 1 Resource Block is used for RSRP and 1 for RSRQ
RSRQ = N*RSRP = 1 (RB/10 REs)mw* 13 mw = 13 mw = 1 mw
RSSI
RSSI=(signal+noise) mw
13*10
10

Such that: RSRQ = 0.1 mw = 10*log(0.1) = -10 dBm

Simplified; RSRQ =

1 mw

# of REs in 1 RB
8

= 10*log(1/ # of REs) dBm

RSRQ Received Signal Reported Quality

Now, if you will, go back to slide 4, using the same information as the
first UE antenna 0, except for the number of REs, determine the ideal
RSRQ of the UE antenna 1.
If it takes more than 1 minute you may have missed a key point to this
presentation.
Two final points to remember:
First, in heavy loading the typical LTE user will only average
approximately 30% to 40% of the maximum bandwidth of the system
over time; meaning over time the average of the Resource Blocks will
only be 30% to 40% of the total number of system Resource Blocks.
Second, the reports back from the UE may not be the ideal situation
as we have discussed in this presentation. Expect less than ideal.

Thank You !