computer Integrated

manufacturing
Larry Whitman
whitman@imfge.twsu.edu
(316) 691-5907
(316) 978-3742

Industrial & Manufacturing Enterprise Department

The Wichita State University
http://www.mrc.twsu.edu/whitman/classes/ie775

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 IE775
Text
 Computer Integrated Manufacturing: from concepts
to realisation,
 Roger Hannam; 1996,

 Addison-Wesley, New York, NY

 Also, other books will be needed (don’t have to buy)

 Rajan Suri, Quick Response Manufacturing; A Companywide Approach To Reducing Lead Times,
Productivity Press Inc., 1998.
 H. T. Goranson, The Agile Virtual Enterprise : Cases, Metrics, Tools, 1999.
 Shigeo Shingo, A Study of the Toyota Production System from an Industrial Engineering Viewpoint

 James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, Lean Thinking : Banish Waste and Create Wealth in Your Corporation

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 Course Goals
 Goals: Concepts and techniques for
developing computer integrated
manufacturing systems. CIM components,
CAD/CAM Interfaces, Computer Aided Process
Planning and its role in the development of
CIM systems, Enterprise Resources Planning
(ERP) for CIM, Product Data Management
(PDM) in a CIM environment, databases, and
networking will be addressed with an
emphasis on design guidelines.

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 Evaluation

Evaluation:

Mid-Term 25%

Project 30%

Papers (4 40%
papers)

Instructor 5% (note this includes attendance)

Points

and
and participation
participation
read the chapters and contribute!!

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 Tentative Schedule

IMPORTANT DATES AND TENTATIVE EXAM SCHEDULE

Mid-Term

Last date to withdraw with a "W" October 29, 1999

Paper1 - The Manufacturing Enterprise September 16, 1999

Paper2 - CIM Case Study September 23, 1999

Paper3 - CIM Models October 14, 1999

Paper4 - Special Topic (book report) December 2, 1999

Project December 16, 1999 by 5PM.

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 Grading Scale

Grading:

Letter Grade

A 93 - 100%

B 84 - 92%

C 70 - 83%

D 60 - 69%

F <60%

Not
Not higher
higher than!
than!

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 Papers

Papers: The papers will be of the 3-5 page variety. The

papers will be 2-3 pages and the book report will be 5
pages. The paper should be 75% summary of the
paper/book and 25% critique/commentary

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 Project
 The project will be accomplished with ONE or
TWO other students. The project will utilize the
Wonderware "In-Touch" man-machine interface
software (and possibly use the "In-Control" and
"IndustrialSQL Server") products if you desire)).

 The project will likely be the difference between

an ‘A’ and a ‘B’. The project grade will be
mostly determined on the creativity and skill
level shown.

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 Tentative Course Outline
Date Topic
8/26 Course Introduction/ Chapter 1 in text
9/2 Overview of the Manufacturing Enterprise
Paper #1: The Manufacturing Enterprise – Due on 9/16
9/9 CIM and CAD/CAM
9/16 CIM Models (Architecture and Models)
Paper # 2: CIM Case Study – Due on 9/23
9/23 Networks
9/30 CIM Databases
Paper # 3 - CIM Models – Due on 10/14

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 Tentative Course Outline
Date Topic
10/7 ERP and PDM for CIM
10/14 Presentation on paper (1 of the 3 above)
10/21 Wonderware software overview/Exam Review
10/28 Mid - Term Exam
11/4 Process Planning
Project - Wonderware project (VB links) – Due on 12/16
11/11 Special Topics (agility, holonic manufacturing)
11/18 Project Work (no class)
Paper # 4: - Special Topic (book report)–Due on 12/2
12/2 Various Applications
12/9 Presentations of book reports
12/15 Wonderware Project Report Due

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 Who are you?
 Who -are you
 Where - are you from?
 Why -are you here?
 What -do you want to get from this
class?

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 Introduction

 focus on the word ‘Integrated’ not on the word ‘computer’

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 Formal Definition
 “the integration of business, engineering,
manufacturing and management information
that spans company functions from marketing
to product distribution.” Harrington

 originally, to integrate what had already been

computerized.

 shop floor processes

 manufacturing engineering planning of those
processes
 production planning and control of both the
shop floor and the materials used.

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 Synonyms
 CIE - computer integrated enterprise
 CIME - computer integrated
manufacturing enterprise

 CIM means many different things to

many different people.

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 CASA/SME CIM Wheel

From CASA/SME

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 CASA/SME CIM wheel is a
good overview of CIM

 revised version (quality no longer

separate)

 no hierarchy

 which are aided by CIM?

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 CASA/SME CIM Wheel
(background)
 1985 - The Computer and Automated Systems Association
of the Society of Manufacturing Engineers (CASA/SME)
published its vision of enterprise-wide teaming--the CIM
Enterprise Wheel

 1992 - New Manufacturing Enterprise Wheel. This updated

vision preserves the understanding gained from the previous
CIM Enterprise Wheel. The old Wheel looked primarily at
automation and integration inside the enterprise. The new
Wheel looks outside as well. It adds understanding in these
six areas:

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 CASA/SME CIM Wheel
(background)
 The central role of a customer-oriented mission and vision to strive for
continuous improvement.

 The importance of teams and human networking in the new manufacturing

environment.

 The continuing importance of computer tools, now increasingly distributed

and networked. This includes tools to support networking and concurrent
engineering.

 A focus on key processes and best practices throughout the enterprise, from
marketing through design, manufacturing, and customer support.

 Recognition of the move away from bureaucratic structures, to leaner and

more agile organizations.

 The need to integrate an understanding of the external environment,

including customers, competitors, suppliers, and the global manufacturing
infrastructure.

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 Wheel - Six Elements
 The new Manufacturing Enterprise Wheel
describes six fundamental elements for
competitive manufacturing:
 The central role of the customer and evolving customer
needs.
 The role of people and teamwork in the
organization.
 The revolutionary impact of shared knowledge and
systems to support people and processes.
 Key processes from product definition through
manufacturing and customer support.
 Enterprise resources (inputs) and responsibilities
(outputs).

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 Wheel - customer centered
 A customer-centered mission provides a clear
direction to align activities and empowers the
work of teams in the new manufacturing
enterprise.

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 Wheel - people
 The central role of people in the organization
forms the inner circle of the Wheel. The
enterprise is only as strong as its people,
organization, and culture.

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 Wheel-Shared Knowledge and
Systems

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 Wheel - Processes

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 Wheel - 15 Processes
PRODUCT/PROCESS DEFINITION CUSTOMER SUPPORT
1) Business Definition 11) Global Organization
2) System Design 12) Distribution
3) Component Design 13) Sales and Promotion
4) Continuous Improvement 14) Customer Services
5) Documentation and Release 15) Life-Cycle Transitions
MANUFACTURING (/Service)
6) Resource Planning
7) Operations Planning
8) Component Fabrication
9) Assembly and Test
10) Material Management

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 Wheel - Concurrent
Engineering

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 Wheel - Virtual Enterprise

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 Wheel - Virtual Enterprise

Product/Process Definition Manufacturing Customer Support

1 Business Definition 6 Resource Planning 11 Global Organization

2 System Design 7 Operations Planning 12 Distribution

3 Component Design 8 Component Fabrication 13 Sales and Promotion

4 Continuous Improvement 9 Assembly and Test 14 Customer Services

5 Documentation and Release 10 Material Management 15 Life-Cycle Transitions

how well, not who

performs each of the activities of the processes

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 Wheel - Resources

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 Wheel - Manufacturing
Infrastructure
Infrastructure separates top manufacturing regions and
countries from others.
•workforce
•investment
•transportation
•communication
•suppliers
•schools
•research
•government support

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 Wheel

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 Mfg Buzzword Bingo

From text

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 the CIM Jigsaw - what’s
missing?
Computing
Computing Integration
Integration
Systems
Systems and
and
Activity
Activity
Networks
Networks

Software
Software
(CAD,
(CAD, etc.)
etc.) Info
Info and
and Data
Data Implementation
Implementation

Protocols
Protocols
Manufacturing
Manufacturing and
and
CAM
CAM Standards
Standards

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 Why CIM?
 because it is cool - NO!
 because everyone else is -NO!

 CIM is not an end, it is the means to an

end

 must be linked to strategy!

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 Why CIM - to meet
competitive pressures

 to reduce lead times

 to reduce costs

 to reduce inventory (or need for)

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 Why CIM - to coordinate and
organize data

 functional - about organization (still

important)

 product - about parts

 operational - plan or instructions

 performance - reporting on performance

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 Why CIM - others
 to eliminate paper

 automate communication

 simultaneous engineering (IPD)

 because it is possible?

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 What is INTEGRATED?
 parts indistinguishable?
 no, seamlessly linked is what we mean

From text

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 Integration - linked

From text

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 EDI - electronic data
interchange
EDI : Electronic Data Interchange -
(1) The subject of electronic data exchange and sharing generally, or
(2) Electronic data and/or document interchange format (X12), particularly in a
purchasing context.

EDIF : Electronic Data Interchange Format

A neutral file specification for the transfer of electronic CAD/CAM data.

EDIFACT : Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce & Trade

A standard for commercial transactions between (differing) computer systems
of different commercial organizations.
Although we often talk of EDI applied to exchange of technical information it is properly used to
describe commercial transactions such as the passing of invoices. Standards for EDI exist and
are widely used. UN EDIFACT is becoming the accepted standard for this type of transaction.
When technical information is exchanged between computer systems (see the item on
datasheets), this is really a sub-set of technical data sharing. In these circumstances we should
use the term technical EDI, or TEDI.

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 Islands of Automation

Local optimization

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 MAP/TOP/STEP

•only 15% of over 40,000 systems can communicate

•cost of communication is 50% of total
•wiring costs occur when new systems are installed or retooled
•custom software is needed to interface two processes
•programmable equipment increasing rapidly
•single largest roadblock to future automation of plants

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 MAP

• based on Open Systems Interconnection (OSI)

• seven layer broadband token-bus communication spec
• MAP and TOP always connected, differ in applications
• GM has 8 plants running MAP with 25 (1990 )
• GM installing MAP as they overhaul plant
• tests on ethernet
• Lotus 1-2-3 "Factory" has MAP protocols

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 TOP

• exchange of info in electronic mail,

• word processing,
• file transfer,
• graphics,
• database management,
• business analysis tools

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 TOP objectives
• allow the interconnection of multiple office local-area networks (LANs),
which could be connected to wide-area networks (WANs) and digital
private-branch exchanges (PBXs) for long-distance communications
• specify existing or emerging international and industry standards
• make possible an office communications network in which equipment
from multiple suppliers can be used
• facilitate free and easy data access and the interchange of data by
equipment from different suppliers
• lower office systems costs by reducing the need for multiple cables and
customized networking software
• improve the flexibility and adaptability of production systems to meet
changing demands
• shorten the lead time for designing and implementing integrated office
systems

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 Summary

Computer Integrated Manufacturing

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