CCB/CBB 3033

ADVANCED TRANSPORT
PROCESSES /
TRANSPORT PHENOMENA
5. Energy Transport
Lesson 23. Energy Transport With Energy Dissipation

Lesson outcomes
At the end of the lesson the student should be able to
23. Solve problems concerning heat transfer through a cylinder
with viscous energy dissipation

Course Outcomes
CLO Explain the theoretical aspect of
1
momentum,
mass
and
energy
transport
CLO Apply
mathematical
and
numerical
2
methodology in analyzing momentum
transfer problem
CLO Apply
mathematical
and
numerical
3
methodology in analyzing heat transfer
problem
CLO Apply
mathematical
and
numerical
4
methodology in analyzing mass transfer
problem
CLO Analyze and solve transport phenomena
5
using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

Semester May
2013

Heat Conduction with Viscous Dissipation

Heat Conduction with Viscous Energy Dissipation:- Consider an
incompressible Newtonian fluid between two coaxial cylinders Shown
in Figure 10.4-1. The surface of the inner and outer cylinders are
maintained at T=T0 and T=Tb, respectively .
a. Determine the temperature distribution.
b. If T0=Tb what will be the temperature distribution, the radius at
which there will be maximum temperature and the maximum
temperature.
Top surface moved with velocity vb=R

Stationary surface
Curvature of the bounding
surface neglected

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Note that the problem involves both momentum and energy transport.
The momentum transport will give us the velocity distribution and the
energy transport will lead us to Temperature distribution.
Momentum transport
A case of two parallel plates where the top one is moving at a velocity
vb=R and the bottom one is stationary.

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Solution
Schematic diagram for simplified model

Assumptions
It is a flow system
Laminar flow, vz=f(x)

vx=vy=0
- There is energy generation due to viscous
dissipation
6

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Momentum Transport Mechanism

yx 0
xx p v x v x constant

(1)

xz xz

(2)

Energy Transport Mechanism

0 vx=0

ex q x

1
2

v 2 H v x v x q x v x

vx
xx v x xy v y xz v z
xx xy xz
vy

yx yy yz
yx v x yy v y yz v z
vz
v v v
zx zy zz
zy y
zz z
zx x

(3)

(4)

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

0 vx=0

0 vy=0

v x xx vx xy v y xz vz
v x xz vz

(5)

Therefore using (5) in (3), the combined energy flux can be described as

ex q x xz v z

(6)

Shell Energy Balance

x+x
x

ex | x x

ex | x

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Shell Energy Balance Equation

WL(ex | x ex | x x ) 0

(7)

ex | x ex | x x
0
x

(8)

dex
0
dx

(9)

ex c1

(10)

Using (6) in (10)

q x xz v z c1

(11)

Applying Fouriers Law of Heat conduction and Newtons Law of viscosity in (10)

dT
dv z
k
v z
c1
dx
dx

(12)

Note that from the assumptions vz in (12) is a function of x and the velocity
distribution should be found from momentum balance to integrate (12)
Momentum Balance
Simplifying the equation of motion for the given problem
0
0
0
0

dp

xz yz zz g z
dz x
x
x

(13)

10

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

d xz
0
dx

(14)

Integrating (14)

xz C1

(15)

Using Newtons Law of viscosity and rearranging

dv z
c1

dx

(16)

Integrating (16)

c1
v z x c2

(17)

11

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Using B.C.1. at x=0 vz=0

c2 0

(18)

Using (18) and B.C.2. at x=b vz=vb in (17)

c1
vb b

vb
c1
b

(19)

Using (19) and (18) in (17)

x
vb
b

(20)

vz

Taking the derivative of (20) with respect to x

dv z vb

dx
b

(21)
12

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Using (20) and (21) in (12)
dT
v
k
x b
dx
b

c1

(22)

Rearranging (22)

dT
c
v
1 x b
dx
k k b

(23)

Integrating (23) with the boundary conditions as follows:

at any x the temperature is T and at x=0 T=T0

vb
T T0

k b

x 2 c1
x
2
k

Rearranging we get

1 x
T T0

2 k b

c1
v x
k
2
b

(24a)

13

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Similarly at x=b T=Tb and at x=0 T=T0

Tb T0

1 2 c1

vb b
2 k
k

(24b)

Rearranging (24b) and using it in (24a) to eliminate c1x/k and rearranging

T T0
1
x
x
x
Br 1
Tb T0 2
b
b
b

(25)

Where the dimensionless Brinkman number (Br) is defined as

vb2
Br
k (Tb T0 )

14

Heat Conduction with a Heat Source

Solve the problem if T0=Tb
When T0=Tb (24b) can be rearranged to

c1
1 1 2

vb
k
2 b k

(26)

Using (26) in (24a) and rearranging the temperature distribution is

obtained as

T T0 1 vb2 x
x

T0
2 kT0 b
b

(27)

15

Lesson outcomes
Lesson 23. Solving problems concerning heat transfer through a
cylinder with viscous energy dissipation

16