Seminar Presented By

Sehar Sultan
M.Sc (CS)
4th Semester
UAF

7/8/15

Grid Computing

 Pros and cons of Grid Computing

Who use the grid computing?
Grid Architecture
Why grid computing?
Areas of grid computing
What is grid computing?

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Overview

Introduction
Grid computing is a processor architecture
that combines the computer resources from
multiple locations (various domains) to reach a
main Objective.
The Objective is to share a computing power
and data storage capacity over the internet.

Introduction
Grid computing is a processor architecture
that combines the computer resources from
multiple locations (various domains) to reach a
main Objective.
The Objective is to share a computing power
and data storage capacity over the internet.

What is Grid Computing?

Allows sharing and coordinated use of diverse
resources in dynamic, distributed virtual
organizations

What is Grid?
Distributed: Grid computing is distributed
form of networking that focus on
communications among devices.

What is Grid?
Dynamic: Efficiently utilize
wasted
cycles,
forming
working cycles.

A grid uses the resources of many

separate computers connected by a
network (usually the Internet) to solve
large-scale computation problems.
Such arrangements permit handling of
data that would otherwise require the
power of expensive supercomputers or
would have been impossible to analyze.

Comparison of grids and

conventional supercomputers
Supercomputer

The World Grid areas

Business Areas
Government Organization
Financial Organization
Teachers and educators (E learning)
Social scientists

Some Highly-Visible Grids

A chemist may utilize hundreds of
processors to screen thousands of
compounds per hour.
Teams of engineers worldwide pool
resources to analyze terabytes of
structural data.
Meteorologists seek to visualize and
analyze data of climate with enormous
computational demands.
The NASA Information Power Grid (IPG).

Why Grid computing

Why Grid Computing?

Resource sharing: Global sharing is the essence of grid
computing.
Secure access:
To ensure secure access, grid developers and users need to
manage three important things:
Access policy - What is shared? Who is allowed to share?
When can sharing occur?
Authentication - How do you identify a user or resource?
Authorization - How do you determine whether a certain
operation is consistent with the rules?

Why Grid Computing(cont..)

Resource use: Efficient, balanced use of computing
resources
The death of distance: Distance should make no
difference
Open standards: Standardization also encourages industry
to invest in developing commercial grid services and
infrastructure.

Grid Architecture

Layers..

Grid Architecture
Fundamental components of a grid's Architecture:
The Hardware:
A grid depends on underlying hardware like computers and
networks.
The Middleware:
Middleware is the "glue" that makes grid computing possible.
Middleware is conceptually "in the middle" of operating
systems software (like Windows or Linux) and applications
software (like a weather forecasting programme).

Working of Layers
Network Layer: The lowest layer is the network, which connects grid
resources.
Resource Layer: Above the network layer lies the resource layer:
actual grid resources, such as computers, storage systems, electronic data
catalogues, sensors and telescopes that are connected to the network.
The middleware layer connect front end with back end.
Application: The highest layer of the structure is the application layer,
which includes applications in science, engineering, business, finance
and more, as well as portals and development toolkits to support the
applications. This is the layer that grid users "see" and interact with.

Some Grid Applications

Some Grid Applications

Distributed supercomputing

Difference between
Distributive,Parallel,
Cluster , Cloud and
Grid Computing

Distributive Computing
Distributive
Computing can be
defined as the use of a
distributed system to
solve a single large
problem by breaking it
down into several tasks
where each task is
computed in the
individual computers
of the distributed
system.

Parallel
Computing
In Parallel Computing,
all the different
"processor" have the
access to a shared
memory.
Parallelism is
generally concerned
with accomplishing a
particular computation
as fast as possible,
exploiting multiple
processors.

Cluster
Computing
A computer cluster is a
group of loosely
coupled computers
that work together
closely so that in many
respects it can be
viewed as though it
were a single
computer.
Clusters are
commonly connected
through fast local area
networks.

Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is
the use of computing
resources (hardware
and software) that are
delivered as a service
over a network

Pros and cons of grid

computing

Advantages
Can solve larger, more complex problems in a
shorter time
Grid computing can create a more robust and
resilient IT infrastructure better able to respond to
minor or major disasters.
Flexible, Secure, Coordinated resource sharing.
Give worldwide access to a network of distributed
resources.

Disadvantages
Need for interoperability when different
groups want to share resources.
But how do I develop robust, secure, long
lived, well performing applications for
dynamic, heterogeneous Grids?

CONCLUSION

Grid

computing

introduces

new

concept

to

IT

infrastructures because it supports distributed computing over

a network of heterogeneous resources and is enabled by open
standards.
Grid computing works to optimize underutilized resources,
decrease capital expenditures, and reduce the total cost of
ownership.