RESIN FINISHING

AND
WRINKLE-FREE FINISHES

Presented By:
Anurodh Kumar
Roll No.- 03
Krishna Mishra
Roll No.- 07
Raghavee Goel
Roll No.- 15
Shivangi Kejriwal
Roll No.- 21

INTRODUCTION

Cellulose fibres are known for their comfort during wear and various
other favourable properties.

Resins are used for various wet finishes basically on cellulose and
cellulosic blends

Resin based finishes create cross linking that increases intermolecular

rigidity.

The resin finishes had been mainly been developed

for the basic

problems of crease formations on cellulosic fibers, thus these finishes

came to be known as Anti crease or Anti crush or Crease Resistant or
Crease Recovery finish ,easy care finish or Resin finish since resins are
used for these finish.

OBJECTIVES
Minimize
Weight

shrinkage

of fabric

Appearance
Dimensional

stability

WHAT ARE RESINS?

Resins are the chemical group applied as wet finishes and used in many of the finishes.

There are several types of resins, but most belong to the urea formaldehyde or related
groups of organic compounds. The formaldehyde components have been suspected of
being carcinogenic (cancer causing) materials.

Another group of resins, used less extensively due to relatively high cost and limited
effectiveness, are the dimethyl urea glyoxalin compounds which are non-formaldehyde
producing.

TYPES
DEPOSITION TYPE
RESINS
oThese

CROSS LINKING
TYPE RESINS

resins form a surface coating on

the applied substrate (fabric).

oNo

reaction between

fabric

fibers

and the

some

extent

of

crease

recovery, which is lower than crosslinking resins.

oIf

cured these resins show behavior

similar to cross-linking type of resins.

molecules

and

form

intermolecular cross-links.
These

type of resins give stiffness to the

and

resins chemically react with

substrate

resin molecules.
oThese

These

are much durable and better

than deposition type.

They

are also known as N-Methylol

compounds as methylol groups are

attached to the nitrogen and are also
called pre-condensates.

APPLICATION TECHNIQUES
FOR DEPOSITION TYPE OF RESINS
Deposition

type of finishes are applied in soluble form on the surface of

the cotton fabric using padding mangles with an acid catalyst and dried.
Direct

coating is also used for surface application of such resins. In the

direct coating process the resin is spread directly on the fabric by means of
a doctor knife or a cylinder.
Some resins of this category are as follows:Phenol
Alkyd

resins

Ketone
Vinyl

Formaldehyde resins

resins

resins

Demethylol

resins

Machines for

Further resins can be classified as per their process of formation/origins:

Condensation -

this includes Phenol formaldehyde Resins, Alkyd Resins,

Polymerization :- Ketone Resins, Vinyl Resins, Dimethylol urea .

The resins are applied in soluble form by padding mangles along with acid
catalyst .

fabric

Coveyor belt

Padding mangles

 A direct coating unit consists of a series of coating heads alternated

with drying ovens or tunnels, each one with cooling cylinders at the
exit.
This method is used for the following goods:
Rainproof textiles
Waterproof canvas
Coated fabrics for leather goods and cases
Coated fabrics for garment and upholstery
Reverse coated fabrics for wall coverings
Coated fabrics for footwear.

FOR CROSS-LINKING TYPE OF RESINS

Cross linking agents are applied by Pad- Dry- Cure method.
The following primary steps are involved in application of cross linking
type resins :
Preparation: Processes such as Scouring and Bleaching are carried
out.
Impregnation: The fabric is impregnated by means of a padding unit.
Curing
Pre curing
Post curing
Post curing for 100%cotton
Post curing for cellulosic blends

ADVANTAGES
It

DISADVANTAGES

improves the Crease Resistance

It

decreases the tensile strength and

and Crease Recovery Property

tear strength

It

It

reduces the shrinkage of the fabric

during laundering
It

It

imparts a smooth and quick drying

property
It

draping qualities
It

improves

gives unwanted harsh and stiff

feel
It

improves resilience, handle and

decreases the abrasion resistance

turns

the

dimensional stability

weight

and

yellow

after

chlorine bleaching
Incorporation

the

fabric

of proper softener and

catalyst in the pad bath can reduce

the loss in the above mentioned
properties of the fabric.

WRINKLE-FREE FINISH

Permanent press forms an essential part of easy to care finishes or

resin finishes which are anti crease finish, wash and wear finishes,
durable press finishes and soil release finishes.

The technically correct name for such finishes is cellulosic antiswelling or cellulosic cross linking or resin finish

The ability of a fabric to resist the formation of crease or wrinkle

when slightly squeezed is termed as crease resistance.

The ability of a fabric to recover to a definite degree is called

crease recovery of the fabric.

WHY COTTON WRINKLES?

The constant stress and strain forces within the cellulosic fibres to
adjacent polymer chains cause them to move.

Hydrogen bonds being weak can break allowing the chains to slip
past each other.

So the main cause of crease formation is swelling, bending,

folding and pressing

To make cotton crease resistant we need to prevent distortion of

hydrogen bonds by means of CROSS LINKING of OH groups of
cellulosic chains.

Resins are cross linking agents, which form covalent bond on

reaction with OH groups of cellulosic materials in acidic medium at
a ph of 3-4.

ADVANTAGES OF WRINKLE-FREE
FINISH

Improves crease resistance and crease recovery

Reduces shrinkage

Imparts smoothness and quick drying

Improves resilience, handle, drape

Increases weight and dimensional stability

Improves fastness to light

Partially waterproof and rot proof

Prevents inter molecular slippage

DISADVANTAGES OF WRINKLE-FREE
FINISH
Decreases

tensile and tearing strength

Decreases

abrasion resistance

Unpleasant

odour

Harsh

and stiff handle

Harsh

chemical usage

Yellowing

of fabric after chlorine bleaches

EFFECT ON PHYSICAL
PROPERTIES

WRINKLE-FREE FINISH FOR WOOL

DECATING produces a smooth, wrinkle free
finish and lofty hand on woollen and worsted
yarn fabrics and blends of wool.
Flat fabric treated with 1 to 2 % of durable
press resin and then steamed for 3 to 5 minutes.
It is sprayed with more durable press resin for a
better finish and pressed to achieve a
permanent crease effect wherever required
For a more permanent set, dry decating is done
in a pressure boiler. Wet decating often
precedes napping or other face finishes to
remove wrinkles that have been acquired in
scouring.

METHODS TO PRODUCE WRINKLE FREE

COTTON
There are 4 different methods used to produce
wrinkle-free cotton
1.PRE-CURED
2.POST-CURED
3.DIP-SPIN
4.VAPOUR

PHASE

PROCESS FOR APPLICATION OF

RESINS

PADDING with 75-80% wet pick up at room temperature

DRYING with minimum tension at 70 - 80C
CURE at 120C -150C for 2-5 min Cross-linking and polymerization takes
place

WASHING and soaping at 50 -60C for 10 min acidity is neutralized

Softening and drying - rinsed in water with softener

CREASE RESISTANCE FOR SILK

Silk fabric has low wet and dry resiliency. Hence, the
fabric wrinkles easily during home laundering or when
wet. The wrinkle-free finishes are applied in the
following fashion;
1.DEGUMMING OF SILK
done using soap for 2hrs at a temperature of 90C
2.APPLICATION OF GLYOXAL

Glyoxal 5% 10% 15%(owf)

Aluminium sulphate 3%(owf)
Softener 2%(owf)
Liquor ratio 1:20
Room temperature
Fabric is padded for 30 mins and then cured at
120C

3. APPLICATION OF CITRIC ACID

Citric acid 6-15% (owf)

Sodium hypophospate
softner 2% (owf)
Liquor ratio 1:20
Room temperature
Fabric is padded for 30 mins and then cured at
120C

4. APPLICATION OF DMDHEU (Dimethylol Dihydroxy

Ethylene Urea)

DMDHEU 6% 10% (owf)

Magnesium chloride 6% (owf)
Softener 2% (owf)
Liquor ratio 1:20
Room temperature
Fabric is padded for 30 mins and then cured at
120C