Matlab Programming for Engineers

Introduction to Matlab
Matlab Basics
Vectors and Matrices
Loops
Plots
MATLAB examples

Program :
>> r=10;
>> i=0:2:10;
>> v=i.*r;
>> p=(i.^2)*r;
>> sol=[p v i]
Output :
sol =
Columns 1 through 6
0

40

160

360

640

60

80

1000

Columns 7 through 12
0

20

40

100

Columns 13 through 18
0

7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

10

MATLAB PRESENTATION

Use MATLAB in Electrical

Circuits :

7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

Solution usng MATLAB :

Z = [40 -10 -30;
-10 30 -5;
-30 -5 65];
V = [10 0 0]';
% solve for the loop currents
I = inv(Z)*V;
% current through RB is calculated
IRB = I(3) - I(2);
fprintf('the current through R is %f Amps \n',IRB)
% the power supplied by source is calculated
PS = I(1)*10;
fprintf('the power supplied by 10V source is %f watts
\n',PS)
7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

 MATLAB answers are :

the current through R is 0.037037 Amps
the power supplied by 10V source is
4.753086 watts

7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

Vectors and Matrices

Arithmetic operations Matrices

Example:
-j5

290o

10

j10

1.50
o

Solve for V1 and V2

7/31/15 09:48:50 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

Vectors and Matrices

Arithmetic operations Matrices

Example (cont)

(0.1 + j0.2)V1 j0.2V2 = -j2

- j0.2V1

+ j0.1V2 = 1.5

0.1 j0.2 j0.2

j0.2

j0.1

V1
V
2

j2
=

1
.
5

Vectors and Matrices

Arithmetic operations Matrices

Example (cont)
>>>A=[(0.1+0.2j)0.2j;0.2j0.1j]
A=
0.1000+0.2000i00.2000i
00.2000i0+0.1000i
>>>y=[2j;1.5]
y=
02.0000i
1.5000
*
>>>x=A\y
A\B is the matrix division of A in
x=
to B, which is roughly the same as
14.0000+8.0000i
INV(A)*B
28.0000+1.0000i
*
>>>

Vectors and Matrices

Arithmetic operations Matrices

Example (cont)
>>>V1=abs(x(1,:))
V1=
16.1245
>>>V1ang=angle(x(1,:))
V1ang=
0.5191
V1 = 16.1229.7o V

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

12

HOW TO IMPORT LOAD DATA

SNO

se

re

1
2
3
4
5

1
2
3
4
5

2
3
4
5
6

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

Resistance

0.0005
0.0005
0.0015
0.0251
0.3660

MATLAB PRESENTATION

Reactance

0.0012
0.0012
0.0036
0.0294
0.1864

13

ldata=[
1 1 2 0.0005 0.0012
2 2 3 0.0005 0.0012
3 3 4 0.0015 0.0036
4 4 5 0.0251 0.0294
5 5 6 0.3660 0.1864
];

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

14

clear all
ldata=[
1 1 2 0.0005 0.0012
2 2 3 0.0005 0.0012
3 3 4 0.0015 0.0036
4 4 5 0.0251 0.0294
5 5 6 0.3660 0.1864
];
nb=6;
nl=nb-1;
se=ldata(:,2);
re=ldata(:,3);
r=ldata(:,4);
x=ldata(:,5)
for i=1:nl
z(i)=r(i)+j*x(i);
end
for i=1:5
disp(z(i))
end
7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

15

If R = 10 Ohms and the current is increased from 0 to 10

A with increments of 2A, write a MATLAB program to
generate a table of current, voltage and power
dissipation.

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

16

M-files : script and function files (script)

Example RLC
circuit

R = 10

eg4.m
eg5_exercise1.m

+
V

Exercise 1:
Write an mfile to plot Z, Xc and XLversus
frequency for R =10, C = 100 uF, L = 0.01 H.
7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

17

M-files : script and function files (script)

Example RLC
circuit
Total impedance is given
by:

Z R j L

When

X C XL

Z R

1
o
LC
7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

18

M-files : script and function files (script)

eg4.m
eg5_exercise1.m

Example RLC
circuit
120

Z
Xc
Xl

100

80

60

40

20

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

MATLAB PRESENTATION

1600

1800

2000
19

eg6.m

M-files : script and function files (script)

Example RLC
circuit
R = 10

+
V

For a given values of C and L, plot the following versus the frequency
a)

the total impedance ,

b)

Xc and XL

c)

phase angle of the total impedance

for 100 < < 2000

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

20

M-files : script and function files (script)

Example RLC
circuit100

eg6.m

Magnitude
Mag imp
Xc
Xl

80
60
40
20
0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

1200

1400

1600

1800

2000

Phase

100
50
0
-50
-100

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

200

400

600

800

1000

MATLAB PRESENTATION

21

Simulink

Model simplified representation of a system e.g. using

mathematical equation
We simulate a model to study the behavior of a system
need to verify that our model is correct expect results
Knowing how to use Simulink or MATLAB does not
mean that you know how to model a system

7/31/15 09:48:51 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

22

Simulink

Problem: We need to simulate the resonant circuit

and display the current waveform as we change the
frequency dynamically.
10

i
Varies from 0
to 2000 rad/s

100 uF

+
v(t) = 5 sin t

0.01 H

Observe the current. What do we expect ?

The amplitude of the current waveform will become

maximum at resonant frequency, i.e. at = 1000 rad/s
7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

23

Simulink

How to model our resonant circuit ?

i

10

100 uF

+
v(t) = 5 sin t

0.01 H

Writing KVL around the loop,

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

di 1
v iR L
idt
dt C

MATLAB PRESENTATION

24

Simulink

Differentiate wrt time and re-arrange:

2

1 dv di R d i
i

2
L dt dt L dt LC
Taking Laplace transform:

sV R
I
2
sI s I
L L
LC
sV
1
2 R
I s s
L
L
LC

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

25

Simulink

Thus the current can be obtained from the voltage:

I V

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

s(1/ L)

R
1
2
s s
L
LC

s(1/ L )
R
1
2
s s
L
LC
MATLAB PRESENTATION

26

Simulink

Start Simulink by typing simulink at Matlab prompt

Simulink library and untitled windows appear

It is where we obtain
the blocks to
construct our model

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

It is here where we
construct our model.

MATLAB PRESENTATION

27

Simulink

Constructing the model using Simulink:

Drag and drop block from the Simulink library
window to the untitled window
1
Sine Wave

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

s+1
Transfer Fcn

MATLAB PRESENTATION

simout
To Workspace

28

Simulink

Constructing the model using Simulink:

s(1/ L)
R
1
2
s s
L
LC

s(100)
2
6
s 1000s 1 10
100s
s2+1000s+1e6

Sine Wave

Transfer Fcn

i
To Workspace

v
To Workspace1

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

29

Simulink

eg8_sim.mdl

We need to vary the frequency and observe the current

5
Amplitude

Ramp

v
To Workspace3

w
1
1000
Constant

To Workspace2

s
Integrator
Dot Product3

100s
s2+1000s+1e6

sin
Elementary
Math

Dot Product2

Transfer Fcn1

i
T o Workspace

From initial problem definition, the input is 5sin(t).

You should be able to decipher why the input works, but you
do not need to create your own input subsystems of this
form.
7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

30

Simulink

1
0.5
0
-0.5
-1

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

0.9

-5

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

MATLAB PRESENTATION

31

Simulink

eg9_sim.mdl

The waveform can be displayed using scope similar to

the scope in the lab

5
Constant1

2000
Constant

0.802
Slider
Gain

7/31/15 09:48:52 AM

100s
sin

s
Dot Product2
Integrator Elementary
Math

MATLAB PRESENTATION

s2+1000s+1e6
Transfer Fcn

Scope

32