Birth Control &

Family Planning

Objectives
At the end of this class, you will be
able to:

Know that birth control aids in population control

Know the natural and artificial methods of birth control

Know that birth control can prevent unwanted pregnancies

and added expenses.

Know how to use a condom and dispose of it properly

Find places where condoms and other forms contraception

are available

Be aware that all birth control methods prevent against STIs.

Appreciate the importance of having a small family

Appreciate the importance of abstinence

Birth Control
Family planning means controlling the number
and timing of the births in the family. This is
done by various methods of birth control.
Birth control is any method (natural or artificial)
an individual or couple implements to limit the
number or frequency of children. It ensures that
a woman does not get pregnant unless she and
Her partner want that to happen.

Birth Control and

Population Rate

This graph illustrates

birth control issues in
relation to current
global population
rates.
It is interesting that
according to these
statistics population
growth levels off with
the elimination of all
unwanted
pregnancy's

Birth Control Methods

NATURAL
METHODS
Abstinence
Rhythm

ARTIFICIAL METHODS
Condoms
Spermicide Creams
Cap or Diaphragm
Intra-Uterine Device
Contraceptive Pill
Vasectomy
Tubal Ligation

NATURAL METHODS
Abstinence
Abstinence is a decision to not have
sex (vaginal, oral, or anal). Abstinence
works because sex, which enables sperm
to fertilize an egg, does not occur.
100% effective, eliminates most threats
of STIs, no drugs or device needed

Rhythm Method
Abstinence from sexual intercourse
during a females most fertile time.

ARTIFICIAL METHODS
Condoms

Perfect effectiveness rate = 97%

Typical effectiveness rate = 88%
Latex and polyurethane condoms are
available
Combining condoms with spermicides
raises effectiveness levels to 99%

How to Use a Male

Condom

Check package for expiration date

Open package carefully (not with teeth!)
Use a water based lubricate if needed
Put condom on before you begin to have sexual
intercourse-before penis touches other person
Place the unrolled condom on the head of the erect penis.
With one hand squeeze the air out of the tip of the
condom, and with the other hand unroll the condom to
the base of the penis
After ejaculation, before the penis becomes limp,
withdrawal the penis holding the rim of the condom to the
base of the penis
Dispose of used condom in trash, not toilet!

MALE AND FEMALE

CONDOMS
Male:
Thin membrane made
of latex, polyurethane
or sheepskin that fits
over the erect penis to
catch semen when the
male ejaculates.
Condoms protect
against some STIs and
unwanted pregnancy.

Female:
Made as an
alternative to male
condoms
Polyurethane
Physically inserted
in the vagina
Woman can use
female condom if
partner refuses

Spermicides:
Contraceptive foam, gels,
suppositories, and film contain
chemicals that kill sperm.
They are inserted into the vagina
before intercourse and should be
used with a condom.
75%-80% effective if used alone
98% effective if used with condom

Cap or Diaphragm
This is a cup shaped piece of
rubber that the woman can place
over her cervix. The cap needs to be
fitted by a health care worker at
first, but after that the woman can
easily put it in and take it out
herself.

Intra-Uterine Device
The coil or intra-uterine device is a
possible method for a woman to use. A
little coil of copper or plastic is placed
inside the uterus by a doctor and stays
for as long as is needed. This stops the
uterus from preparing for a fertilized
egg, so it cannot implant and develop.

Birth Control Pills

Pills can be taken to prevent

pregnancy
Pills are safe and effective when taken
properly
Pills are over 99% effective
Women must have a pap smear to get
a prescription for birth control pills
Stops ovulation
Thins uterine lining
Thickens cervical mucus
The pill offers no protection from STDs

Sterilization
Tubal Ligation
For a woman, her
oviducts are cut or
tied, so that eggs
cannot move
along
them and meet a
sperm

Vasectomy
The man can get
his sperm ducts
cut
or tied, so that
sperm cannot get
into the urethra