Sid Ahmed Hussain

DN-2010-017
UMST - Orthodontics Department

MODEL ANALYSIS: BOLTONS

ANALYSIS

INTRODUCTION

Study casts are essential diagnostic

aids.
Needed for diagnosis & treatment
planning.
Casts are studied & analyzed using
various methods.

BOLTONS ANALYSIS

Analysis performed on study casts

Assess tooth size; in the mesio-distal
dimension.
According to Bolton; There exists a ratio
between the mesio-distal widths of maxillary
& mandibular teeth.
Abnormal tooth size ---> malocclusion!
This analysis help determine disproportion in
size between Maxillary & Mandibular teeth.

BOLTONS ANALYSIS

There are 4 measurements or variables

used in determining the ratio between
the maxillary & mandibular teeth
1.
2.
3.
4.

Sum
Sum
Sum
Sum

of
of
of
of

Mandibular 12
Maxillary 12
Mandibular 6
Maxillary 6

MODEL

SUM OF MANDIBULAR 12

Sum of all teeth mesial to second

permanent molars
Mesio-distal direction measured &
summed up.

MODEL

SUM OF MAXILLARY 12

Sum of all teeth mesial to second

permanent molars
Mesio-distal direction measured &
summed up.

MODEL

SUM OF MANDIBULAR 6

Sum of all teeth mesial to first

premolars
Mesio-distal direction measured &
summed up.

MODEL

SUM OF MAXILLARY 6

Sum of all teeth mesial to first

premolars
Mesio-distal direction measured &
summed up.

MODEL

DETERMINING THE OVERALL RATIO

According to Bolton;
The sum of mesio-distal widths of the
mandibular teeth anterior to the second
permenant molars is 91.3% the mediodistal width of the maxillary teeth mesial
to the second molars

DETERMINING THE OVERALL RATIO

From the previous slide, it can be

concluded that the overall ratio can be
determined using the following
formula:

Overall Ratio=

Sum of Mandibular 12
x100
Sum of
Maxillary 12

DETERMINING THE OVERALL RATIO

If the overall ratio is less than 91.3%, it

indicated maxillary tooth material
excess.
Maxillary excess is determined using:
Mandibular 12 x 100

Maxillary 12 -

91.
3

DETERMINING THE OVERALL RATIO

If the overall ratio is more than 91.3%,

it indicated mandibular tooth material
excess.
Mandibular excess determined using:
Maxillary 12 x 91.3
100

Mandibular 12 -

DETERMINING THE ANTERIOR

RATION

According to Bolton:
The sum of mesio-distal width of
mandibular anteriors should be 77.2%
of the mesio-distal width of maxillary
anteriors

DETERMINING THE ANTERIOR RATIO

From the previous slide, it can be

concluded that the anterior ratio can be
determined using the following
formula:
Sum of Mandibular
6 x100
Sum of

Anterior Ratio =

Maxillary 6

DETERMINING THE ANTERIOR RATIO

If the anterior ratio is less than 77.2%,

it indicated maxillary anterior excess.
Maxillary excess is determined using:

6 x 100
Maxillary 6 Mandibular
77.
2

DETERMINING THE ANTERIOR RATIO

If the anterior ratio is more than 77.2%,

it indicated mandibular anterior excess.
Mandibular excess determined using:

6 x 77.2
Mandibular 6 Maxillary
100

CONCLUSION

Used in Cast analysis

Considers tooth material in medio-distal
dimention
Sum of Mandibular 12
4 measurements taken from cast
x100
of
Overall ratio determined by Sum
Maxillary 12
Mandibular 12 x 100

< 91.3%; Maxillary excess Maxillary 12 -

91.3
Maxillary 12 x
91.3
100

>91.3%; Mandibular excess Mandibular 12 -

Sum of Mandibular
6 x100
Sum of

Anterior ratio determined by

Maxillary 6

<77.2%; Maxillary anterior excess

Maxillary 6 -

Mandibular 6 x 100
77.2

>77.2%; Mandibular excess

Mandibular 6 -

Maxillary 6 x 77.2
100

Mandibular
12

Maxillary
12

Maxillary
6

Mandibula
r6

ANY QUESTIONS?

THANK YOU FOR LISTENING