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Contents
Capacitor:- Acapacitor(originally
known as acondenser) is apassivetwoterminalelectrical componentused to
storeenergyelectro staticallyin an electric
field where twoelectrical conductors(plates)
are separated by a dielectric(i.e.,insulator).
Inductor
Inductor:- Aninductor, also called
acoilorreactor, is apassivetwoterminalelectrical componentwhich resists
changes inelectric currentpassing through it.
It consists of a conductor such as a wire,
usually wound into a coil. When a current
flows through it,energyis stored temporarily
Henry (H)
in a magnetic fieldin the coil.UNIT:
.
Active elements
Capable of generating
electric energy
Example : voltage and
current sources
Passive elements
Incapable of generating
electric energy
Example : resistor,
inductor, capacitor, diode
and etc
Independent Source
Current
Vs
is
Voltage
7
Dependent Source
Vs ix
Voltage
is Vx
Current
10
Energy
Power =
Time
W
P= t
Resistance
Resistance:- It is the opposition, a material
offers to current
= Resistivity of a material
l = length of a material
A = cross-section area of conductor
Unit: - ohm ()
Relationship of parameters
Dot Convention
The circuit polarity signs '+' and '-' indicate
example applied and resultant, relative
voltage
The circuit arrows indicate example applied
and resultant relative current directions.
The instantaneous directions of the current
entering the primary inductor at its dotted
end and the current leaving of the secondary
inductor at its dotted end are the same.
Subtractive polaritytransformer designs
are shown in the upper circuit
diagrams.Additive polaritytransformer
Contd.,