LISTENABLE

Based upon the speeches that you have heard

before, what qualities make a speech more
listenable than others? What can you do to make
your speech more listenable?

THE LISTENABLE SPEECH

FORMATTED IN A WAY THAT WHEN IT IS RECEIVED IT
IS UNDERSTOOD BY LISTENERS.

Oral-based language style.

Structure that lays out clear

signposts for listeners.

Well prepared.

Confidence.

Conversational and with

conviction.

Engaging nonverbal behavior.

Appropriate length.

Encourage listener
involvement.

PREPARING A SPEECH: AN OVERVIEW

QUALITY OF A SPEECH CORRELATES WITH THE
TOTAL PREPARATION TIME.

Step 1 Decide on a topic or accept the topic

assigned to you.
Step 2 Formulate a specific purpose and
thesis statement.
Step 3 Collect research that develops the
specific purpose and thesis.
Step 4 Finalize the specific purpose, and the
thesis that adapts to the listeners and
setting of the presentation.
Step 5 Formulate and organize the body of
the presentation so that the goal can
be
achieved.

PREPARING A SPEECH
CONTINUED

Step 6 Prepare the necessary aids, such as

audio,
visuals, and computer-generated
graphics.
Step 7 Develop an introduction that previews
and a conclusion that summarizes the
main points of the presentation.
Step 8 Polish the introduction and conclusion.
The introduction should grab the
attention of listeners and orient them
with
any necessary background. The
conclusion
should wrap up the
presentation and
clinch the purpose
expressed in the thesis.

KEY WORDS IN DEVELOPING A

SPECIFIC PURPOSE
Informative Speech
By explaining.
By summarizing.
By contrasting.
By describing.
By demonstrating.
By analyzing.

Persuasive Speech
To accept that.
To support.
To agree with.
To contribute to.
To serve.
To share.
To vote for.

EXTEMPORANEOUS MODE

Develop a set of talking points.

Time to find the information needed to help
accomplish the statement of central idea.
The security of having notes or an outline to
refer to throughout the speech.
Use of quotations, illustrations, and statistics
in written form for backing up ideas.
A more spontaneous and natural oral
presentation and physical presentation than
are likely in the manuscript or memorized
mode.

PREPARING THE EXTEMPORANEOUS

SPEECH

Speech planning outline--sentence outline.

Speech presentation outline-- topic outline.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY

SOURCES

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIdm6Rgu
zRM&feature=related
What should people look for regarding the
credibility of sources? Are there sources that
are more or less credible than others?

BASIC ELEMENTS OF A SPEECH

Specific Purpose:
Thesis Statement:
I.

Introduction
A. Attention-getting opening
B. Orienting Material

II. Central Idea

A. Thesis Statement
B. Method of Formatting/Preview
III. Body with transitions
A. 1st Point
B. 2nd Point
C. 3rd Point
IV. Conclusion
A. Summary
B. Clincher

THE INTRODUCTION

Gain the listeners attention.

Orient them to the material that will be
presented.

THE INTRODUCTION
ATTENTION GETTING MATERIALS

Personal References (reason for choosing the topic)

Humorous Stories (must fit with the speech)
Illustrations (pictures, stories, something to create a
visual image)

Rhetorical (do not expect a response)

Action Questions (would like the audience to respond)
Unusual or Dramatic Devices (peek curiosity or
shock audience)

Quotations (famous quote or excerpt)

Stating the theme (indicate exactly what the
speech is about)

THE INTRODUCTION
ORIENTING MATERIAL
ANY BACKGROUND INFORMATION THAT WILL HELP THE AUDIENCE
UNDERSTAND THE SPEECH

Historical background

Defining terms

Personal history and/or Tie to the topic

(explain what has

happened prior to where you will pick up as a
speaker)
(define terms that will be key to
their understanding of specific jargon)
you have experience or history with the topic?)

Importance to the listener

audience listen to your speech?)

(why should the

(do

SPECIFIC PURPOSE & THESIS

STATEMENT

Intended to keep the speaker on course for

developing a purposeful and well-organized
speech.
The purpose of the presentation and a thesis
statement of its main idea.

THE SPEECH BODY

Develops through major points as well as any

sub-points needed to develop the speakers
central idea.
The major points to be expressed in the
presentation. The body of the speech may be
organized into as many divisions as necessary
to develop the intent of the message.

ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERNS FOR

INFORMATIVE SPEECHES

Spatial (describe by location/geographical pattern)

Chronological (from beginning to end)
Topical (group similarities or related components, by
classification)

Causal

(cause and effect)

ORGANIZING YOUR SPEECH

Use connectives to link ideas

Transitions
Internal

previews
Internal summaries
Signposts

CONCLUSION

Summarizing and possibly a motivating

statement.
Summary

recap main points

The Clincher final message

CLINCHER

Personal reference.
Humorous story.
Illustration.
Rhetorical question.
Unusual or dramatic devices.
Quotations.
Repetition.

YOU ARE ASSIGNED TO GIVE A SPEECH ABOUT YOUR

EDUCATION (ELEMENTARY, HIGH SCHOOL, COLLEGE, ETC.).
PREPARE AN INTRODUCTION FOR THE PRESENTATION
REPRESENTING EACH OF THESE INTRODUCTORY DEVICES,
SPEECH ARRANGEMENTS, SPECIFIC PURPOSE, THESIS, BODY
WITH TRANSITIONS, AND CONCLUSION DEVICES
1. Personal Reference
Spatial
Personal Reference
2. Humorous Story
Chronological
Humorous Story
3. Illustration
Topical Arrangement
Illustration
4. Rhetorical Question
Causal
Rhetorical Question

5. Action Question
Topical
Action Question
6. Unusual/Dramatic Devices
Spatial
Unusual/Dramatic Devices
7. State a Theme
Chronological
State a Theme
8. Quote
Causal
Quote

VOCAL DELIVERY

Use vocal variety in volume, rate, and pitch.

Avoid a monotonea flat, boring sound

resulting from a constant pitch, volume, and
rate.

Pronounce correctly and clearly.

SPEAKING WITH CONFIDENCE

Speak about a topic you believe in.

Know your topic inside and out.
Organize your thoughts into a cohesive
presentation.
Embrace your uniqueness and imperfections.
Dont apologize.
Confident speakers are often nervous, but
dont let the audience know it.

DEALING WITH DIFFICULTIES DURING

A SPEECH

Accept that mistakes are going to happen.

Try to be relaxed as you speak.
Look at the people in the audience who are
alert during the presentation.
Remember that we all make mistakes.
Take time to get yourself organized at the
lectern.

MONROES MOTIVATED
SEQUENCE

Attentiongetting the listener to focus to your

message.
Needidentifying a problem and showing how it
relates to the listener.
Satisfactionnproposing a plan of action that
will meet the need that has been identified.
Visualizationdescribing the beneficial results
when the plan is implemented (or the detriments
if it is not undertaken).
Actionchallenging the listener to do as
requested.

APPEALS TO MOTIVATE LISTENERS

APPROPRIATE FOR YOUR PARTICULAR LISTENERS
AND FOR YOUR PERSUASIVE GOAL.
Guilt.
Adventure.
Happiness.
Anger.
Health.
Companionship.
Hero worship.
Deference --respect
Humor.
for the wiser, more
Independence.
experienced, higher
authority.
Liking.
Fear.
Loyalty.
Gender.

APPEALS TO MOTIVATE LISTENERS

Adventure - (take part in something different or new)

Companionship - (desire to be with other people)
Fear (raise apprehension and to cause people to be
afraid)

Gender - (appealing to a specific gender)

Guilt (motivate through guilt)
Health (appeal for good health)
Sympathy (motivate through emotions using pictures
of kids or the elderly)